python-telegram-bot | We have made you a wrapper you can't refuse | Chat library
kandi X-RAY | python-telegram-bot Summary
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- Use this method to send an invoice
- Generic POST operation
- Do a POST request
- Sends a message to the endpoint
- Use this method to send a video
- Returns True if obj is a local file
- Parse a file input
- Use this method to send audio
- Parse file input
- Use this method to send a location
- Use this method to copy a message
- Add a sticker to a set
- Use this method to send a photo
- Use this method to send a contact message
- Answer an inline query
- Set webhook
- Edit a message live location
- Promote a chat member
- Use this method to send a video note
- Create a new sticker set
- Use this method to send a message
- Use this method to send a venue
- Use this method to send an animation
- Use this method to send a poll message
- Use this method to send a voice message
- Create an invoice link
python-telegram-bot Key Features
python-telegram-bot Examples and Code Snippets
import os
import telegram
from telegram.ext import Updater, CommandHandler
# --- init ---
TOKEN = os.getenv('TELEGRAM_TOKEN')
updater = Updater(token=TOKEN, use_context=True)
dispatcher = updater.dispatcher
# --- commands ---
def start(update, context):
print('text:', update.message.text) # /start something
print('args:', context.args) # ['something']
dispatcher.add_handler(CommandHandler('start', start))
# --- start ---
updater.start_polling()
updater.idle()
dispatcher.run_async(myFunction, updater.bot)
def myfunction(bot):
bot.send_message(text='Hello, World',chat_id=123456789)
import telegram
from telegram.ext import Updater
def myfunction(bot):
bot.send_message(text='Hello, World',chat_id=123456789)
def main():
"""Start the bot."""
# Create the Updater and pass it your bot's token.
updater = Updater("")
# Get the dispatcher to register handlers
dispatcher = updater.dispatcher
dispatcher.run_async(myfunction, updater.bot)
# Start the Bot
updater.start_polling()
updater.idle()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
import sys
print 'Number of arguments:', len(sys.argv), 'arguments.'
print 'Argument List:', str(sys.argv)
def chart(update: Update, context: CallbackContext) -> None:
"""Send a message with the arguments passed by the user, when the command /chart is issued."""
input_mex = update.message.text
input_args = input_mex.split('/chart ')[1]
update.message.reply_text(input_args)
updater = Updater(token=TOKEN, use_context=True)
# Get the dispatcher to register handlers
dispatcher = updater.dispatcher
dispatcher.add_handler(CommandHandler('chart', chart))
import logging
import (other modules)
logging.basicConfig(format='%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s',
level=logging.INFO)
logging.getLogger("telegram.vendor.ptb_urllib3.urllib3").setLevel(logging.ERROR)
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
def main():
"""Start the bot."""
global token, allowedUsers
# Create the Updater and pass it your bot's token.
updater = Updater(token)
# Get the dispatcher to register handlers
dispatcher = updater.dispatcher
# Registering handlers
dispatcher.add_handler(CommandHandler("start", start))
dispatcher.add_handler(CommandHandler("help", help_info))
dispatcher.add_handler(CommandHandler("learn", learn))
dispatcher.add_handler(CommandHandler("revise", revise))
dispatcher.add_handler(CommandHandler("quote", quote))
dispatcher.add_handler(CommandHandler("more", more))
dispatcher.add_handler(CommandHandler("quiz", quiz))
# on non command i.e message
dispatcher.add_handler(MessageHandler(Filters.text, messageHandler))
# Start the Bot
updater.start_polling(drop_pending_updates=True)
updater.idle()
list_of_strings_from_txt = ["A","B","C"]
modified_list = [f"{w}: {input(f'{w}:')}" for w in list_of_strings_from_txt]
import csv
with open('filename.csv', 'r') as fd:
reader = csv.reader(fd)
for row in reader:
# do something
import csv
actual_text_list = []
with open('filename.csv', 'r') as fd:
reader = csv.reader(fd)
for row in reader:
actual_text_list.append(row)
user_input_list = []
for actual_text in actual_text_list:
the_users_input = input(f'What is your response to {actual_text}? ')
user_input_list.append(the_users_input)
import csv
actual_text_list = []
with open('filename.csv', 'r') as fd:
reader = csv.reader(fd)
for row in reader:
actual_text_list.append(row)
dictionary = dict()
for actual_text in actual_text_list:
the_users_input = input(f'What is your response to {actual_text}? ')
dictionary[actual_text] = the_users_input
for actual_text, user_input in dictionary.items():
print(f'In response to {actual_text}, you specified {user_input}.')
answer = "You have keyed in " + user_input + " calories! Click Back to go back to the main menu"
return answer
#Storing Data in a class
cal = []
# calculates total cals
def cal_calculator(update: Update,_: CallbackContext):
query = update.callback_query
query.answer()
keyboard = [
[InlineKeyboardButton("Back", callback_data = str(ONE))]
]
reply_markup = InlineKeyboardMarkup(keyboard)
query.edit_message_text(f'You have consumed {str(sum(cal))}',reply_markup = reply_markup)
return SECOND
def calorie_reply(update: Update,_ : CallbackContext):
keyboard = [
[InlineKeyboardButton("Back", callback_data = str(ONE))]
]
reply_markup = InlineKeyboardMarkup(keyboard)
user_input = update.message.text
user_int = int(user_input)
cal.append(user_int)
update.message.reply_text(calorie_input(user_input),reply_markup = reply_markup)
return SECOND
import src.main from main
if '__name__' == '__main__':
main()
Trending Discussions on python-telegram-bot
Trending Discussions on python-telegram-bot
QUESTION
This is my first time interacting with Google API and I'm using python3.9 with this library Python Telegram Bot I want to access a user Google API Calendar via a telegram bot and I can't seem to find any article to guide me through it. My key problem (I think) is redirecting the success authorization flow back to telegram bot.
This is what I have in mind:
- In the telegram app, user send '/send' to bot
- Bot receive message and return a google an authorization link to user
- User clink on authorization link and allow access
- Bot receive authorization access and completes the Oauth flow
The problem lies betweeen step 3 and 4. A standard authorization link is https://accounts.google.com/o/oauth2/auth?response_type=code&client_id=&redirect_uri=&scope=&state&access_type=offline
How do I send the authorization link back to my telegram bot? Should I create another API endpoint to receive that authorization link? Or can I send telegram api send_message() in the to redirect the success message to my bot.
Update 1
Thanks to CallMeStag, I manage to figure out a way to complete the oauth process. For people who faced the same problem, this is what I did Pre-requisite: Credentials is created in google console api - Web application. redirect_uri set as localhost:8000 (During development phase)
- User send '/send' to bot
- Bot receive message and return an authorization link
https://accounts.google.com/o/oauth2/auth?response_type=code&client_id=&redirect_uri=
http://localhost:8000/
&scope=&state&access_type=offline
http://localhost:8000
. Used fastapi as a webhook to receive the message. Capture the authorization code, use google.oauthlib.flow
to complete the authorization process. Next, redirect user back to telegram link https://t.me/
ANSWER
Answered 2022-Mar-29 at 06:44It's currently indeed not very straight forward for a PTB-application to listen for external updates (the auth verification in this cas) - see also this issue. Currently it might be easiest for you to set up a custom webhook application that runs in parallel to the Updater
- e.g. using flask/django/starlette/fastapi/…. Alternatively, if you're using webhooks for your bot anyway, you can patch the Updater
to do the job for you. Although that requires some manual work - see here for an example.
Once you are able to listen to updates coming from Google, handling them can be done via PTBs usual handler setup, specifically via the TypeHandler
or even a custom Handler
subclass - see this FAQ entry.
Regarding the redirect url: You'll want to redirect your user back to your bot, so you'll have to provide a link that does that. Bot.link
should probably do the trick.
Disclaimer: I'm currently the maintainer of python-telegram-bot
.
QUESTION
I'm working with Python Telegram Bot https://python-telegram-bot.readthedocs.io/
I'm trying to implement a bot function into a 3rd party listener, so when the handle_event() is fired, with a telegram username as parameter, the bot bans that member from the group. here we go with an example:
def handle_event(event):
result = offerCancelled_event.processReceipt(receipt)
#Double check if we got a result
if(result):
#Set telegram user
telegram_user = "Ulvur"
users.remove(telegram_user)
file = open('users.txt', 'w+')
for user in users:
file.write('%s\n' % user)
file.close()
if(telegram_user not in users):
Update.effective_chat.ban_member(telegram_user)
Following code is returning AttributeError: 'property' object has no attribute 'ban_member'
when function is fired.
ANSWER
Answered 2022-Mar-29 at 10:26Update
is a class and the property Update.effective_chat
can only be properly evaluated for instances of that class. If you want to make simple calls to the Bot API, you should instantiate an instance of the telegram.Bot
class and call its methods - in your case Bot.ban_chat_member
. Please see the Introduction to the API for a more detailed explanation of how to use the API methods.
QUESTION
I'm working with Python Telegram Bot https://python-telegram-bot.readthedocs.io/en/stable/telegram.chat.html and trying to build my first bot on telegram.
I've followed the example https://github.com/python-telegram-bot/python-telegram-bot/blob/master/examples/chatmemberbot.py as a template
I want to add a functionality that if a user is not in the list, the bot should kick him out but I'm having some issues implementing this function. My code is as follows:
#!/usr/bin/env python
# pylint: disable=C0116,W0613
# This program is dedicated to the public domain under the CC0 license.
"""
Simple Bot to handle '(my_)chat_member' updates.
Greets new users & keeps track of which chats the bot is in.
Usage:
Press Ctrl-C on the command line or send a signal to the process to stop the
bot.
"""
import logging
from typing import Tuple, Optional
from telegram import Update, Chat, ChatMember, ParseMode, ChatMemberUpdated
from telegram.ext import (
Updater,
CommandHandler,
CallbackContext,
ChatMemberHandler,
)
# Enable logging
logging.basicConfig(
format="%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s", level=logging.INFO
)
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
def checkUsers(update: Update, context: CallbackContext, chat: Chat) -> None:
"""Greets new users in chats and announces when someone leaves"""
cause_name = update.chat_member.from_user.mention_html()
member_name = update.chat_member.new_chat_member.user.mention_html()
member = update.chat_member.new_chat_member.user.username
userId = update.chat_member.new_chat_member.user.id
print(userId)
approvedMembers = ["Jack", "shaamsCat"]
if member in approvedMembers :
update.effective_chat.send_message(
f"{member_name} was added by {cause_name}. Welcome!",
parse_mode=ParseMode.HTML,
)
elif member not in approvedMembers :
update.effective_chat.send_message(
f"{member_name} is not on the list!",
parse_mode=ParseMode.HTML,
),
chat.ban_member(userId)
def main() -> None:
"""Start the bot."""
# Create the Updater and pass it your bot's token.
updater = Updater("TOKEN")
# Get the dispatcher to register handlers
dispatcher = updater.dispatcher
# Handle members joining/leaving chats.
dispatcher.add_handler(ChatMemberHandler(checkUsers, ChatMemberHandler.CHAT_MEMBER))
# Start the Bot
# We pass 'allowed_updates' handle *all* updates including `chat_member` updates
# To reset this, simply pass `allowed_updates=[]`
updater.start_polling(allowed_updates=Update.ALL_TYPES)
# Run the bot until you press Ctrl-C or the process receives SIGINT,
# SIGTERM or SIGABRT. This should be used most of the time, since
# start_polling() is non-blocking and will stop the bot gracefully.
updater.idle()
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
And I receive the following error in that case:
TypeError: checkUsers() missing 1 required positional argument: 'chat'
If I change the function checkUsers() function to look like this:
def checkUsers(update: Update, context: CallbackContext) -> None:
"""Greets new users in chats and announces when someone leaves"""
cause_name = update.chat_member.from_user.mention_html()
member_name = update.chat_member.new_chat_member.user.mention_html()
member = update.chat_member.new_chat_member.user.username
userId = update.chat_member.new_chat_member.user.id
print(userId)
approvedMembers = ["Jack", "shaamsCat"]
if member in approvedMembers :
update.effective_chat.send_message(
f"{member_name} was added by {cause_name}. Welcome!",
parse_mode=ParseMode.HTML,
)
elif member not in approvedMembers :
update.effective_chat.send_message(
f"{member_name} is not on the list!",
parse_mode=ParseMode.HTML,
),
Chat.ban_member(userId)
Then the error is:
TypeError: ban_member() missing 1 required positional argument: 'user_id'
And if I pass no arguments to Chat.ban_member() then the arguments missing looks like follows:
TypeError: ban_member() missing 2 required positional arguments: 'self' and 'user_id'
I'll appreaciate any help, I'm sure it's going to be any fundamental knowledge I'm missing, I will be honest and tell you I did just start working with Python some days ago, so be nice please!!
Thank you!
ANSWER
Answered 2022-Mar-21 at 17:05Handler callbacks must have exactly two positional arguments - that's just how python-telegram-bot
is designed. That's why your first approach doesn't work.
Moreover, Chat.ban_member
is a bounded method, not a class/static method. Chat
is a class, not an instance of that class, so Chat.ban_member(user_id)
can't work either. You need an instance of the Chat
class to call that method. In your case probably update.chat_member.chat
or update.effective_chat
(the latter being a shortcut for the former).
Disclaimer: I'm currently the maintainer of python-telegram-bot
.
QUESTION
I see some bots acts regarding args passed to the bot. For example:
https://t.me/name_bot?start=something
This is helpful for sending invitations/ referral / promo codes etc.
How can I handle this using python-telegram-bot
and getting the start
value?
Is it possible to use different vars other than start
?
ANSWER
Answered 2022-Mar-21 at 04:36I never tested it before but it seems you have it in documentation as deep linking.
start=something
should run command /start something
Link can use only start
or startgroup
import os
import telegram
from telegram.ext import Updater, CommandHandler
# --- init ---
TOKEN = os.getenv('TELEGRAM_TOKEN')
updater = Updater(token=TOKEN, use_context=True)
dispatcher = updater.dispatcher
# --- commands ---
def start(update, context):
print('text:', update.message.text) # /start something
print('args:', context.args) # ['something']
dispatcher.add_handler(CommandHandler('start', start))
# --- start ---
updater.start_polling()
updater.idle()
QUESTION
I develop a telegram bot using the python-telegram-bot module. I attempt to run a function without executing it using dispatcher.run_async(myfunction)
but how I can do a task for example sending a message from inside the dispatcher.run_async()
?
I have all the users id in my database. And this is the snippet of my code.
import telegram
from telegram.ext import Updater
def myfunction():
# bot.send_message(text='Hello, World',chat_id=)
def main():
"""Start the bot."""
# Create the Updater and pass it your bot's token.
updater = Updater("TOKEN")
# Get the dispatcher to register handlers
dispatcher = updater.dispatcher
dispatcher.run_async(myfunction)
# Start the Bot
updater.start_polling()
updater.idle()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
ANSWER
Answered 2022-Mar-09 at 11:00Not sure if this is the intended way, but you can pass the bot the the function by passing it to run_async
:
dispatcher.run_async(myFunction, updater.bot)
def myfunction(bot):
bot.send_message(text='Hello, World',chat_id=123456789)
import telegram
from telegram.ext import Updater
def myfunction(bot):
bot.send_message(text='Hello, World',chat_id=123456789)
def main():
"""Start the bot."""
# Create the Updater and pass it your bot's token.
updater = Updater("")
# Get the dispatcher to register handlers
dispatcher = updater.dispatcher
dispatcher.run_async(myfunction, updater.bot)
# Start the Bot
updater.start_polling()
updater.idle()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
QUESTION
I'm trying to make my first Telegram bot on Python. I use the python-telegram-bot, Flask, run it in Google Cloud Run. Locally on my machine everything works fine, when I deploy it (using Docker) to Google Cloud Run everything also works fine until the moment when Google Cloud Run stops the instance. That's what I see in Gloud Run logs:
[2022-02-23 11:09:24 +0000] [1] [INFO] Handling signal: term
[2022-02-23 11:09:24 +0000] [3] [INFO] Worker exiting (pid: 3)
[2022-02-23 11:09:25 +0000] [1] [INFO] Shutting down: Master
After this bot stops responding.
I tried to set up a min inctances feature (set a min-instances=1) but it didn't help, bot stops responding after a while.
This is a part of code from main.py:
...
@app.route("/")
def main() -> None:
updater = Updater("TOKEN")
dispatcher = updater.dispatcher
conv_handler = ConversationHandler(
entry_points=[CommandHandler('start', start), CommandHandler('menu', menu), CallbackQueryHandler(button)],
states={
START: [
MessageHandler(Filters.regex('^(Default Text)$') & (~ Filters.command), start)
]},
fallbacks=[CommandHandler('cancel', cancel), CommandHandler('menu', menu)],
allow_reentry=True
)
dispatcher.add_handler(conv_handler)
updater.start_polling()
updater.idle()
if __name__ == "__main__":
app.run(debug=True, host="0.0.0.0", port=int(os.environ.get("PORT", 8080)))
I guess the problem is that the bot starts only when I make GET request to my Google Cloud URL: app.route("/") is triggered and the main function is started. If the Cloud Run instance stops and I manually request my service URL (that I get from Google Cloud Run, like https://service-name-xxxxx-xx.a.run.app), the bot starts up again. This is a logs from Cloud Run after this:
[2022-02-23 11:09:24 +0000] [1] [INFO] Handling signal: term
[2022-02-23 11:09:24 +0000] [3] [INFO] Worker exiting (pid: 3)
[2022-02-23 11:09:25 +0000] [1] [INFO] Shutting down: Master
---I manualy requested a service url---
[2022-02-23 19:03:21 +0000] [1] [INFO] Starting gunicorn 20.1.0
[2022-02-23 19:03:21 +0000] [1] [INFO] Listening at: http://0.0.0.0:8080 (1)
[2022-02-23 19:03:21 +0000] [1] [INFO] Using worker: gthread
[2022-02-23 19:03:21 +0000] [3] [INFO] Booting worker with pid: 3
2022-02-23 19:03:21,985 - apscheduler.scheduler - INFO - Scheduler started
Honestly, I couldn't think of anything better than to keep track of instance restarts and request the URL every time.
I hope for your advice, thank you!
ANSWER
Answered 2022-Feb-24 at 07:51TBF, I'm not familiar with Google Cloud Run, but if I understand correctly the point is that you code will only be invoked when a request is made to the app, i.e. it's one of those "serverless" setups - is that correct?
If so: What updater.start_polling()
does is start a long running background thread that fetches updates continuously. To have your bot responsive 24/7 with this method, your script needs to run 24/7. Now the point of serverless setups is that your code only runs on demand, so for this hosting method a more reasonable approach would be to only invoke your code when your bot receives an update. This can achieved using a webhook instead of long polling. There is a section on this in the PTB wiki. See also this thread about AWS Lambda, which is similar AFAIK.
However one should note that stateful logic like ConversationHandler
is hard to realize in such setups: By default ConversationHandler
keeps track of the current state in memory, so the information is lost on shutdown of the process. You can use persistence to store the data, but I'm not sure how well this works with serverless setups - there might be race conditions if multiple updates come in at the same time. So another idea would be to switch to a different hosting service that allows to run your process 24/7.
Disclaimer: I'm currently the maintainer of python-telegram-bot
.
QUESTION
I have been checking on forums(stack overflow, git, Telegram APIs) to check how could I extract contents from a pdf file which is sent by user? I have created Telegram bot using python's python-telegram-bot
library and as an efforts to try to solve my question, I had checked links eg: https://pypi.org/project/python-telegram-bot/ and https://python-telegram-bot.readthedocs.io/en/stable/index.html in search of functions but couldn't find anything there.
I did find methods to send a pdf file to user from bot and send a file from user to bot but there is nothing available where BOT can extract contents of pdf sent by user. Will be grateful if experts could guide me here.
ANSWER
Answered 2022-Feb-23 at 14:59python-telegram-bot
is a library that provides a wrapper for the Telegram Bot API. As such, it provides all the methods from the API as well as auxiliary functionality to build chat bots in general, including downloading files sent by users. Extracting contents from a received PDF file after download is however far beyond the scope of this library.
Of course there are other libraries that provide such functionality and that can be used in combinantion with python-telgram-bot
. See e.g. camelot
.
Disclaimer: I'm currently the maintainer of python-telegram-bot
.
QUESTION
I am not a professional programmer but I'm trying to build a python-telegram-bot for work using ConversationHandlers. Basically, I offer users a menu of options, summarized as:
- Complete Survey
- EXIT
If "Complete Survey" is selected, the bot then asks for the user ID. Depending on the user ID I assign the user 1 of 30+ different surveys (I'm trying to use child conversations). Over time this list of surveys will grow and each survey has unique questions and steps to it.
Given the number of surveys, I thought of managing each survey as a child conversation with its own ConversationHandler, and running it from a separate file/module (to keep things dynamic and not have one HUGE file with n+ variables to consider).
The thing is, how can I continue the child conversation from a separate file? Is there another way to approach this? I understand that the bot is still running from the main file and checking for updates. I would like to run each survey and, once finished, return to the INITIAL bot menu (parent conversation).
I found this previous discussion but my knowledge barely goes beyond the python-telegram-bot examples so I'm having a hard time following along: https://github.com/python-telegram-bot/python-telegram-bot/issues/2388
Here is an example summarized code of what I'm trying to do:
main_file.py
from telegram import ReplyKeyboardMarkup, ReplyKeyboardRemove, InlineKeyboardMarkup, InlineKeyboardButton, Update, KeyboardButton, Bot, InputMediaPhoto
from telegram.ext import Updater, CommandHandler, MessageHandler, Filters, ConversationHandler, CallbackQueryHandler, CallbackContext
import surveys # this file contains each survey as a function with its own ConversationHandler
token = ''
MENU, USER, CHAT_ID, USER_ID, FINISHED = map(chr, range(1,6))
END = ConversationHandler.END
def start(update: Update, context: CallbackContext) -> int:
"""Initialize the bot"""
context.user_data[CHAT_ID] = update.message.chat_id
text = 'Select an option:'
reply_keyboard = [
['Complete Survey'],
['EXIT'],
]
context.bot.send_message(
context.user_data[CHAT_ID],
text=text,
reply_markup=ReplyKeyboardMarkup(reply_keyboard, one_time_keyboard=True)
)
return MENU
def exit(update:Update, context:CallbackContext) -> None:
"""Exit from the main menu"""
context.bot.send_message(
context.user_data[CHAT_ID],
text='OK bye!',
reply_markup=ReplyKeyboardRemove()
)
return END
def abrupt_exit(update:Update, context:CallbackContext) -> None:
"""Exit the main conversation to enter the survey conversation"""
return END
def survey_start(update:Update, context:CallbackContext) -> None:
"""Asks for the user_id in order to determine which survey to offer"""
text = 'Please type in your company ID'
context.bot.send_message(
context.user_data[CHAT_ID],
text=text,
reply_markup=ReplyKeyboardRemove()
)
return USER
def survey_select(update:Update, context:CallbackContext) -> None:
"""Search database to find next survey to complete"""
user = str(update.message.text)
chat_id = context.user_data[CHAT_ID]
context.user_data[USER_ID] = user
"""Search database with user_id and return survey to complete"""
survey = 'survey_a' # this value is obtained from the database
runSurvey = getattr(surveys, survey) # I used getattr to load functions in a different module
runSurvey(Update, CallbackContext, user, chat_id, token)
return FINISHED
def main() -> None:
updater = Updater(token, use_context=True)
# Get the dispatcher to register handlers
dispatcher = updater.dispatcher
# Survey conversation
survey_handler = ConversationHandler(
entry_points=[
MessageHandler(Filters.regex('^Complete Survey$'), survey_start),
],
states={
USER: [
MessageHandler(Filters.text, survey_select),
],
FINISHED: [
# I'm guessing here I should add something to exit the survey ConversationHandler
],
},
fallbacks=[
CommandHandler('stop', exit),
],
)
# Initial conversation
conv_handler=ConversationHandler(
entry_points=[
CommandHandler('start', start),
],
states={
MENU: [
MessageHandler(Filters.regex('^Complete Survey$'), abrupt_exit),
MessageHandler(Filters.regex('^EXIT$'), exit),
],
},
allow_reentry=True,
fallbacks=[
CommandHandler('stop', exit),
],
)
dispatcher.add_handler(conv_handler, group=0) # I used separate groups because I tried ending
dispatcher.add_handler(survey_handler, group=1) # the initial conversation and starting the other
# Start the Bot
updater.start_polling()
updater.idle()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
surveys.py This is where each survey is with its own conversation and functions to call. Basically I enter survey_A (previously selected) and am trying to use it as the main()
from telegram import ReplyKeyboardMarkup, ReplyKeyboardRemove, InlineKeyboardMarkup, InlineKeyboardButton, Update, \
KeyboardButton, Bot, InputMediaPhoto
from telegram.ext import Updater, CommandHandler, MessageHandler, Filters, ConversationHandler, CallbackQueryHandler, \
CallbackContext
NEXT_QUESTION, LAST_QUESTION, CHAT_ID = map(chr, range(1,4))
END = ConversationHandler.END
def exit(update:Update, context:CallbackContext) -> None:
"""Exit from the main menu"""
context.bot.send_message(
context.user_data[CHAT_ID],
text='OK bye!',
reply_markup=ReplyKeyboardRemove()
)
return END
def first_q(update:Update, context:CallbackContext, chat_id:str) -> None:
"""First survey_A question"""
context.bot.send_message(
chat_id,
text='What is your name?',
reply_markup=ReplyKeyboardRemove()
)
return NEXT_QUESTION
def last_q(update: Update, context: CallbackContext) -> None:
"""Last survey_A question"""
update.message.reply_text(
'How old are you?', reply_markup=ReplyKeyboardRemove()
)
return LAST_QUESTION
def survey_a(update:Update, context:CallbackContext, user:str, chat_id: str, token:str) -> None:
"""This function acts like the main() for the survey A conversation"""
print(f'{user} will now respond survey_a')
CHAT_ID = chat_id # identify the chat_id to use
updater = Updater(token, use_context=True) # here I thought of calling the Updater once more
survey_a_handler = ConversationHandler(
entry_points=[
MessageHandler(Filters.text, first_q),
],
states={
NEXT_QUESTION: [
MessageHandler(Filters.text, last_q),
],
LAST_QUESTION: [
MessageHandler(Filters.text, exit),
],
},
allow_reentry=True,
fallbacks=[
CommandHandler('stop', exit),
],
)
updater.dispatcher.add_handler(survey_a_handler, group=0) # I only want to add the corresponding
# survey conversation handler
first_q(Update, CallbackContext, CHAT_ID)
I run the code and it breaks at surveys.py line 23, in first_q: context.bot.send_message( AttributeError: 'property' object has no attribute 'send_message'
I assume my logic with the conversation handler is way off.
I appreciate any help
ANSWER
Answered 2022-Feb-17 at 00:39I have been developing telegram bots for about a year now, and I hope the best approach is to structure your project first. Let me explain that all in detail.
"Foldering"Basically, all the code is in the src
folder of the project. Inside the src
folder there is another sub-folder called components
which includes all the different sections of your bot you want to work on (i.e your quiz_1, quiz_2, ...) and main.py
file which includes the 'core' of the bot. However in the root directory of the project (which is just your project folder) you can see bot.py
file which serves just as a runner file. So nothing more in there except just:
import src.main from main
if '__name__' == '__main__':
main()
So regarding your questionnaire:
- I would recommend using just strings as keys for the states instead of mapping them to random values. Basically you can do just like
"MAIN_MENU"
,"STATE_ONE"
,"STATE_TWO"
and so on, but be sure to return the same string in the callback function! - The overall logic of the PTB library is like: Telegram API server -> PTB
Updater()
class ->Dispatcher()
(which isupdater.dispatcher
in your code) -> Handlers -> callback function -> <- user. The reason arrows point to user and back to callback function is because there is an interaction of your bot's logic and user, so that user's response goes back to your callback function code. - I recommend not choosing callback function names as like 'first_question' or 'second_question'. Instead name it like
get_question()
use that function to retrieve question data from other source so that it can be dynamic. So for example, you will have a dictionary of different questions with keys of question number - simple, right? And then you will write a function that will send user a question according to its state and picking the right question with the right key from the dictionary. By this you can add more questions to your dictionary and no need to change the code in the function because it will be dynamic (as long as you write the correct function that will work). - In your
main.py
file have only onemain()
function which will hold theUpdater()
with the given token, because you cannot have more than one Updater() with the same token. It's like one bot can be accessed by only and only one app that is polling at a time. Polling - visit here.
To support your bot development and follow the structured project creation, I have created a repo on GitHub that holds almost the same project structure as I tried to explain to you today. Feel free to check it out, clone it and play around. Just add your token to .env
file and run the bot.
Check out these projects as well:
- https://github.com/ez-developers/traderbot/tree/master/bot
- https://github.com/ez-developers/equip.uz/tree/main/bot
As you will see in there main.py
contains all the handlers and src
folder contains all the different 'components' which are more of a like different parts of the bot.
If you need any help, I am here and more than happy to answer any of your questions.
QUESTION
I'm new to creating telegram bots with Django. I selected python-telegram-bot library for creating bots with Django.
I've created a Django model, named as category:
class category(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=250)
category_id = models.IntegerField()
def __str__(self):
return self.name
and product:
class product(models.Model):
product_category = models.ForeignKey(category, on_delete=models.SET_NULL, blank=True, null=True)
name = models.CharField(max_length=250)
cost = models.FloatField()
img = models.ImageField()
def __str__(self):
return self.name
Successfully created InlineKeyboardButtons and placed id of each product model object to each button, with these functions:
def product(update: Update, context: CallbackContext):
query = update.callback_query.data
product_button_list = []
for each in product.objects.select_related().filter(product_category_id = query):
product_button_list.append(InlineKeyboardButton(each.name, callback_data=each.id))
reply_markup = InlineKeyboardMarkup(build_menu(product_button_list,n_cols=2))
update.callback_query.message.edit_text("Mahsulotni tanlang!", reply_markup=reply_markup)
def build_menu(buttons,n_cols,header_buttons=None,footer_buttons=None):
menu = [buttons[i:i + n_cols] for i in range(0, len(buttons), n_cols)]
if header_buttons:
menu.insert(0, header_buttons)
if footer_buttons:
menu.append(footer_buttons)
return menu
When the user selects a button named as the name of the product model object, I am receiving the correct id of the product model object, tested with printing the query:
def product_info(update: Update, context: CallbackContext):
query = update.callback_query.data
print(query)
obj = product.objects.filter(pk=query)
print(obj)
Question: How to reply Django product model object's fields including its image to the user according to the user's chosen product?
Like:
You have chosen a product:
Image of the product
Name of the product
Cost of the product
ANSWER
Answered 2022-Feb-11 at 11:23Here is the answer, I have successed so far:
filename = 'path_until_media_folder' + str(obj.img.url)
update.callback_query.bot.send_photo(update.effective_chat.id, photo=open(filename, 'rb'))
QUESTION
I am trying to create a Telegram bot using python-telegram-bot that will read in a large message (~12K characters) and save the output to a file.
The relevant code I have is:
updater = Updater(token='XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX')
dispatcher = updater.dispatcher
def runMe(update, context):
received_message = update.message.text
print("Received message with length %d" % len(received_message))
# Save (full) message to file
arg_handler = MessageHandler(Filters.text, runMe)
dispatcher.add_handler(arg_handler)
However when I do this, Telegram splits the messages into chunks of 4,096 (max message size)
Received message with length 4096
Received message with length 4096
Received message with length 4095 (Not sure why this is 4095)
Received message with length 24
How do I modify the bot so that although the messages are sent in chunks, I am able to combine all of these to create the single original message with no modification to the formatting.
My original idea was to create a global variable and append each message chunk to a list but I am not sure how to achieve this short of sending a command like /startMessage and /endMessage to signify when the message is sent. This method seems inefficient.
ANSWER
Answered 2022-Feb-02 at 10:00an idea could be to use a global variable and append all chunck to that, using message_id
to understand when message is different.
updater = Updater(token='XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX')
dispatcher = updater.dispatcher
all_message = {
message_id = 0
text = ""
}
def runMe(update, context):
global all_message
if update.message.message_id == all_message["message_id"]:
received_message = update.message.text
all_message["text"] += received_message
print("Received message with length %d" % len(received_message))
# Save (full) message to file
else:
all_message["message_id"] = update.message.message_id
all_message["text"] += received_message
arg_handler = MessageHandler(Filters.text, runMe)
dispatcher.add_handler(arg_handler)
The problem could be when you consider the message ended for re-send, store or process it. Is not a great solution but you could consider the previous message ended when you go in the else
condition, or you can check if chuck is <4095-4096, or again add a special character at the end of the message
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Install python-telegram-bot
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