How to Call a Nested Function in Python

by Abdul Rawoof A R Updated: Jan 31, 2023

Guide Kit

A nested function in Python is a function that is defined inside another function. It is also known as an inner function or a local function. Nested functions have access to the variables and parameters of the enclosing function, also known as the outer function.

To call a nested function in Python, you first need to call the outer function, which will then execute the code block of the inner function. The inner function can only be called from within the context of the outer function and cannot be called directly from the top level of your code. It is also possible to return the inner function itself without calling it, by not passing any parameters to it and using it later as a variable. Nested functions can be useful when you want to encapsulate a specific behavior within a larger function, or when you want to use a helper function that is only needed within the context of the outer function.

You may have a look at the code given below for knowing more about calling a nested function in Python.

Fig : Preview of the output that you will get on running this code from your IDE.

Code

Call a nested function in Python

PythonLines of Code : 13License : Strong Copyleft (CC BY-SA 4.0)

class Box(object):
    def __init__(self,**kw): vars(self).update(kw)
def first(x):
    def second():
        print(x)
    def third(y): return x+y
    return Box(second=second,third=third)

first(10).second()   # prints 10
x=first(15)
x.second()           # prints 15
print(x.third(10))   # prints 25

Instructions

Follow the steps carefully to get the output easily.

Install python on your IDE(Any of your favorite IDE).
Copy the snippet using the 'copy' and paste it in your IDE.
Run the file to generate the output.

I hope you found this useful.

I found this code snippet by searching for 'how to call a nested function in Python' in kandi. You can try any such use case!

Environment Tested

I tested this solution in the following versions. Be mindful of changes when working with other versions.

The solution is created in PyCharm 2021.3.
The solution is tested on Python 3.9.7.

Using this solution, we are able to call a nested function in python with simple steps. This process also facilities an easy way to use, hassle-free method to create a hands-on working version of code which would help us to call a nested function in python.

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