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How to use light objects in three js.

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by l.rohitharohitha2001@gmail.com dot icon Updated: Jan 8, 2024

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Three.js is a JavaScript library designed to simplify the creation and rendering of 3Ds. It provides a comprehensive set of tools and functionalities.


It makes easier for developers to work with WebGL. The low-level API allows browsers to render 3D graphics in real time. 


Key features of Three.js: 


  1. Cross-browser Compatibility: Three.js handles the intricacies of WebGL, making it compatible. It ensures that 3D graphics work across different platforms. 
  2. Abstraction of WebGL Complexity: WebGL is a powerful but low-level API. Three.js simplifies this process by providing a more intuitive abstraction. It allows developers to focus on creating engaging 3D content. 
  3. Scene Graph: Three.js uses a scene graph, a hierarchical structure that represents. This makes it easy to organize and manipulate objects within the scene. 
  4. Support for Cameras and Lights: Three.js includes various camera types and sources. It enables developers to control the viewpoint and lighting conditions within a 3D. 
  5. Meshes and Materials: Developers can create and manipulate 3D objects using meshes. Materials can include textures, colors, and other visual properties. 
  6. Animation: Three.js supports the creation of smooth and realistic animations. Developers can animate objects, cameras, and other elements within the 3D scene. 
  7. Interactivity: Three.js makes it easy to add interactivity to 3D scenes. It allows users to interact with objects using mouse and keyboard inputs. 

The nuanced control over lighting in Three.js empowers developers to create immersive. The ability to simulate realistic lighting conditions, and control shadows. The lighting parameters open up endless creative possibilities for web developers. To achievable in the realm of web-based 3D graphics and animations. Three.js and its robust lighting capabilities provide a platform for crafting compelling. 

Fig: Preview of the output that you will get on running this code from your IDE.

Code


How to add HemisphereLight to a simple threejs scene?

JavaScriptdotLines of Code : 35dotLicense : Strong Copyleft (CC BY-SA 4.0)

console.log(THREE. REVISION)

    <script src="https://threejs.org/build/three.js"></script> 
    <script type="module">
    console.log(THREE. REVISION)

        var scene = new THREE.Scene();
        var camera = new THREE.PerspectiveCamera( 200, window.innerWidth/window.innerHeight, 0.1, 1000 );

        var renderer = new THREE.WebGLRenderer();
        renderer.setSize( window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight );
        document.body.appendChild( renderer.domElement );

        var planeGeometry = new THREE.PlaneGeometry(25, 60, 20, 20);

        var planeMaterial = new THREE.MeshBasicMaterial({color:"green"})

        var plane = new THREE.Mesh( planeGeometry, planeMaterial );
        var light = new THREE.HemisphereLight(0xffffff, 0x000000, 2);

        scene.add(light);
        scene.add(plane);

        plane.rotateZ(Math.PI/2)
        camera.position.z = 10;

        scene.background = new THREE.Color(0xffff00);

        var render = function (time) {
                    requestAnimationFrame( render );   
            
                renderer.render(scene, camera);
            };
            render();
    </script>

Instructions


Follow the steps carefully to get the output easily.

  1. Install Visual Studio Code on your computer.
  2. Create a new HTML file.
  3. Save and run the HTML file directly from the file location.


I hope you found this helpful.


I found this code snippet by searching for 'How to add HemisphereLight to a simple threejs scene' in kandi. You can try any such use case!

Environment Tested


I tested this solution in the following versions. Be mindful of changes when working with other versions.

  1. The solution is created and tested in Visual Studio Code 1.85.0 Version.


Using this solution, we are able to use light objects in three js with simple steps. This process also facilities an easy way to use, hassle-free method to create a hands-on working version of code which would help us to use light objects in three js.

FAQ 

1. How does three js utilize the WebGL technology to create realistic lighting effects? 

Three.js utilizes WebGL, a low-level web graphics API, to harness the power of the GPU. WebGL is the underlying technology that allows browsers to render 3D graphics in the GPU. Three.js abstracts away the complexities of working with WebGL. It provides a higher-level interface for developers. 


2. What are point lights and how do they differ from directional lights in three js? 

A point light in Three.js simulates light that emanates from a specific point in space in all directions. It radiates light in all directions. The intensity of the light decreases with distance from the light source. The objects get farther from the point of light, they receive less illumination. 


Point lights have a position in 3D space, and their intensity decreases with distance. Directional lights have no specific position and illuminate all objects, regardless of distance. 


 

3. How is cubeGeometry used with light sources in three js to create dynamic shadows? 

To create dynamic shadows in Three.js using cube geometry and light sources. 

  • Set Up a Scene 
  • Add Cube Geometry 
  • Set Up Lights 
  • Enable Shadows 
  • Configure Renderer for Shadows 
  • Update Render Loop 

 

4. What is the purpose of Ambient Light in three js and how does it affect the overall lighting of a scene? 

Ambient light in Three.js serves the purpose of indirect or global illumination. The directional or point lights, simulate direct light sources. The ambient light contributes a constant level of illumination to all objects. It helps create a baseline level of brightness, ensuring that objects are not. 

  • Even Illumination 
  • Simulating Indirect Light 
  • Filling Shadows 
  • Setting the Scene's Tone 
  • Enhancing Visibility 


5. How can you implement a var spotLight in a three js project, and what effect will it have on the scene's lighting? 

To implement a spotlight in a Three.js project, you can follow these steps. A spotlight is a type of light source that emits light in a specific direction within a cone. It mimics the behavior of a real-world spotlight or flashlight. 

 

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