gem5 | Modified gem5 with new , machine learning based cache
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QUESTION
I am trying to learn how to implement an L2 cache with a skewed associativity. I see there is already implemented classes for skewed associativity (skewed_associative.cc/hh) under /gem5/src/mem/cache/tags/indexing_policies/ and i would like to use this to start off with.
What I do not understand is how to access those files and specify a given cache to act as a skewed associative. Do I need to create an entire new cache class that inherits from the basecache? Or is there a way to do it through implementing a new tag?
I'm still trying to figure out how gem5 has anything structured/works, so any amount of help or links would be greatly appreciated.
...ANSWER
Answered 2021-Apr-06 at 16:54The above comments helped lead to a solution.
When instantiating a given cache, assign its tags' indexing_policy as SkewedAssociative()
in configs/common/CacheConfig.py:
Instead of having:
QUESTION
The programs run with gem5 before are all without parameters. But what should I do if the program I am running requires parameters. I tried --cmd="add 3 4"
, which is not work. I am currently trying to run Coremark
with gem5. The command to run Coremark directly is ./coremark.exe 0x0 0x0 0x66 0 7 1 2000> ./run1.log
.
ANSWER
Answered 2021-Mar-12 at 09:12You can pass command line parameters with --options
as in:
QUESTION
I want to run a 64-bit RISC-V binary without OS in gem5’s fs mode. I tried --kernel= but it didn’t stop.
...ANSWER
Answered 2021-Feb-16 at 15:25This will be a feature in the upcoming 21.0 release. See this Jira issue for the current status: https://gem5.atlassian.net/browse/GEM5-367.
QUESTION
The debug information in gem5 is really amazing.
You only need to use DPRINTF(FLAGA,"%d",value);
where you want to output debug information.
If you add --debug-flag=FLAGA
when compiling. DPRINTF(FLAGA,"%d",value);
will become printf("%d", value);
otherwise it will become empty
.
This is achieved through conditional compilation. But I don't know how to compile according to FLAG as above. What I think of is this:
...ANSWER
Answered 2020-Dec-20 at 04:21I don't know if I understand. But I guess you want this:
Header file:
QUESTION
hello I'm a beginner for linux. This is the command I want to run with different parameters:
...ANSWER
Answered 2020-Dec-14 at 08:20Humm... How do you think Python can devise what you have in mind?
In your cmd = ...
statement there's no substitution.
If Your Python is recent enough (3.5+) you can use a very similar line:
QUESTION
So I was trying to set up gem5 with the RISC-V with the following command:
...ANSWER
Answered 2020-Dec-09 at 09:15So my dear friends, I got the solution, but the problem itself was really hard the occur in first place, in order to problem to occur, you shouldn't be cloning the repo from the link I gave in the problem. I think the repo has some unfinished parts, so you should clone the repo from official gem5 cite, and you should be fine I suppose!
QUESTION
I know that the ARM PMU is partially implemented, thanks to the gem5 source code and some publications.
I have a binary which uses perf_event to access the PMU on a Linux-based OS, under an ARM processor. Could it use perf_event inside a gem5 full-system simulation with a Linux kernel, under the ARM ISA?
So far, I haven't found the right way to do it. If someone knows, I will be very grateful!
...ANSWER
Answered 2020-Nov-18 at 14:41I was not able to use the Performance Monitoring Unit (PMU) because of a gem5's unimplemented feature. The reference on the mailing list can be found here. After a personal patch, the PMU is accessible through perf_event
. Fortunately, a similar patch will be released in the official gem5 release soon, could be seen here. The patch will be described in another answer, due to the number of link limitation inside one message.
This is a minimal working example of a C source code using perf_event
, used to count the number of mispredicted branches by the branch predictor unit during a specific task:
QUESTION
I want to learn more about the cache replacement algorithm. For example, I want to know when the cache is replaced, what data is replaced, and what data is brought to the cache. It is a good choice to output this information using the debug flag in gem5. I use classic cache. I created a debug flag to output this information. But I found that when performing the replacement algorithm, it is easy to output the data in which set and way, but it is difficult to output the data in the cacheline. Because I found that only valid, invalid, set, way information is recorded in the replacement algorithm.
- I later found
uint8_t *data
ingem5/src/mem/cache/cache_blk.hh
. This should be cache block data, but why is there only one byte, isn't a cachline 64 bytes? - What I don't understand is that when replacing, it will first find the set where the data is located according to the address. Then look for a cacheline based on the replacement algorithm. But I found that the getPossibleEntries function of the
gem5/src/mem/cache/tags/indexing_policies/set_associative.cc
file, returnsets[extractSet(addr)]
; sometimes returns four addresses, sometimes 8 are returned. Shouldn't it always return every cacheline of the cache set where the address is located? That is 8 addresses?
By the way, I use the DerivO3CPU Thanks for all related answers.
...ANSWER
Answered 2020-Nov-23 at 11:12As a general note, there is a debug flag called CacheRepl. You may want to print whatever information you need from replacements using it.
1 - The data pointer is a pointer to the first byte of the data. It is not a string; it does not have a null marker at the end. This means that you cannot %s
it right off the bat; you need to iterate through every byte using the blkSize (cache line size) to print it with %x
(e.g., for (int i = 0; i < blkSize; i++) printf("%x ", blk->data[i])
).
The following question can help if you want to print it as a string: Convert C++ byte array to a C string
2 - When you print anything in the Replacement Policy (RP), every object that uses that given RP will print. This includes prefetchers, buffers, tags, etc.
I don't know what is your system configuration, but you probably have at least two different tables that use the RandomRP: at least one with a 4-way associativity, and at least one with a 8-way associativity. When there are four addresses, these are the candidates for the 4-way associative table. When there are 8, it is the 8-way associative.
If, for example, you want to study the replacement information of the L2 cache, and you know that it is the only table that is 8-way associative, then you can just ignore the results that only have four addresses, since they'd refer to the replacement of other tables.
QUESTION
I want to know the cache information when the replacement algorithm is executed. So I made the following changes in the latest version of gem5. I added a line of DebugFlag('ReplacementInfo')
command to the /home/cuiyujie/workspace/workGem5/gem5/src/mem/cache/replacement_policies/SConscript
file. Then I added the header file #include "debug/ReplacementInfo.hh"
in the /home/cuiyujie/workspace/workGem5/gem5/build/X86/params/RandomRP.cc
file. Then I used DPRINTF(ReplacementInfo, "candidates");
command in this file. But an error occurred during compilation.
ANSWER
Answered 2020-Nov-22 at 20:13The second error was:
QUESTION
I'm trying to run my first full-system simulation in Gem5, but I got the following error
...ANSWER
Answered 2020-Nov-22 at 20:12This answer to the question you mentioned points to: https://askubuntu.com/questions/41930/kernel-panic-not-syncing-vfs-unable-to-mount-root-fs-on-unknown-block0-0/1048477#1048477 which contains a detailed diagnosis procedure for this error.
For that and from the kernel message, we see clearly that root=
kernel CLI parameter is incorrect: the default sda1
was used instead of the required sda
.
On fs.py, the correct root=
can be set with:
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