algorithm | Collection of classic algorithms

const bubbleSort = arr => {
  let swapped = false;
  const a = [...arr];
  for (let i = 1; i < a.length; i++) {
    swapped = false;
    for (let j = 0; j < a.length - i; j++) {
      if (a[j + 1] < a[j]) {
        [a[j], a[j + 1]] = [a[j  

const binarySearch = (arr, item) => {
  let l = 0,
    r = arr.length - 1;
  while (l <= r) {
    const mid = Math.floor((l + r) / 2);
    const guess = arr[mid];
    if (guess === item) return mid;
    if (guess > item) r = mid - 1;
    els  

def pollard_rho(
    num: int,
    seed: int = 2,
    step: int = 1,
    attempts: int = 3,
) -> int | None:
    """
    Use Pollard's Rho algorithm to return a nontrivial factor of ``num``.
    The returned factor may be composite and require fur  

def hill_climbing(
    search_prob,
    find_max: bool = True,
    max_x: float = math.inf,
    min_x: float = -math.inf,
    max_y: float = math.inf,
    min_y: float = -math.inf,
    visualization: bool = False,
    max_iter: int = 10000,
) -> S  

def boruvka(self) -> None:
        """Performs Borůvka's algorithm to find MST."""

        # Initialize additional lists required to algorithm.
        component_size = []
        mst_weight = 0

        minimum_weight_edge: list[Any] = [-1] * se