dictionary | High-performance dictionary coding | Runtime Evironment library
kandi X-RAY | dictionary Summary
kandi X-RAY | dictionary Summary
Suppose you want to compress a large array of values with (relatively) few distinct values. For example, maybe you have 16 distinct 64-bit values. Only four bits are needed to store a value in the range [0,16) using binary packing, so if you have long arrays, it is possible to save 60 bits per value (compress the data by a factor of 16). We consider the following (simple) form of dictionary coding. We have a dictionary of 64-bit values (could be pointers) stored in an array. In the compression phase, we convert the values to indexes and binary pack them. In the decompression phase, we try to recover the dictionary-coded values as fast as possible. Dictionary coding is in common use within database systems (e.g., Oracle, Parquet and so forth). We are going to assume that one has a recent Intel processor for the sake of this experiment.
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Lines of Code : 31License : Non-SPDX (Apache License 2.0)
Copydef flatten_dict_items(dictionary):
"""Returns a dictionary with flattened keys and values.
This function flattens the keys and values of a dictionary, which can be
arbitrarily nested structures, and returns the flattened version of such
str def _pyval_update_fields(pyval, fields, depth):
"""Append the field values from `pyval` to `fields`.
Args:
pyval: A python `dict`, or nested list/tuple of `dict`, whose value(s)
should be appended to `fields`.
fields: A dictionary def write_csv_from_dict(filename, input_dict):
"""Writes out a `.csv` file from an input dictionary.
After writing out the file, it checks the new list against the golden
to make sure golden file is up-to-date.
Args:
filename: String th Community Discussions
Trending Discussions on dictionary
QUESTION
I've got a project that is working fine in windows os but when I switched my laptop and opened an existing project in MacBook Pro M1. I'm unable to run an existing android project in MacBook pro M1. first I was getting
Execution failed for task ':app:kaptDevDebugKotlin'. > A failure occurred while executing org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.internal.KaptExecution > java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException (no error message)
this error was due to the Room database I applied a fix that was adding below library before Room database and also changed my JDK location from file structure from JRE to JDK.
...kapt "org.xerial:sqlite-jdbc:3.34.0"
ANSWER
Answered 2022-Apr-04 at 18:41To solve this on a Apple Silicon M1 I found three options
AUse NDK 24
QUESTION
I have a dictionary of the form:
...ANSWER
Answered 2022-Feb-21 at 05:50I believe this will work:
For each list, we will filter the values where conf is negative, and after that we will filter conf itself.
QUESTION
ANSWER
Answered 2022-Mar-23 at 22:19SQLAlchemy does not return a dictionary, which is what pydantic expects by default. You can configure your model to also support loading from standard orm parameters (i.e. attributes on the object instead of dictionary lookups):
QUESTION
I'm experimenting with Hunspell and how to interact with it using Java Project Panama (Build 19-panama+1-13 (2022/1/18)). I was able to get some initial testing done, as in creating a handle to Hunspell and subsequently using that to perform a spell check. I'm now trying something more elaborate, letting Hunspell give me suggestions for a word not present in the dictionary. This is the code that I have for that now:
ANSWER
Answered 2022-Feb-24 at 21:41Looking at the header here: https://github.com/hunspell/hunspell/blob/master/src/hunspell/hunspell.h#L80
QUESTION
I have the following dataframe where col2 is a dictionary with a list of tuples as values. The keys are consistantly 'added' and 'deleted' in the whole dataframe.
Input df
col1 col2 value1 {'added': [(59, 'dep1_v2'), (60, 'dep2_v2')], 'deleted': [(59, 'dep1_v1'), (60, 'dep2_v1')]} value 2 {'added': [(61, 'dep3_v2')], 'deleted': [(61, 'dep3_v1')]}Here's a copy-pasteable example dataframe:
...ANSWER
Answered 2022-Feb-03 at 01:47Here's a solution. It's a little long, but it works:
QUESTION
I confronted strange behavior in Dictionary collection in Julia. a Dictionary can be defined in Julia like this:
...ANSWER
Answered 2022-Jan-29 at 19:41The key order in Dict is currently undefined (this might change in the future).
If you want order to be preserved use OrderedDict from DataStructures.jl:
QUESTION
I have a list of 'Id's' that I wish to associate with a property from another list, their 'rows'. I have found a way to do it by making smaller dictionaries and concatenating them together which works, but I wondered if there was a more pythonic way to do it?
Code
...ANSWER
Answered 2021-Dec-17 at 08:09This dict-comprehension should do it:
QUESTION
Let's say I have two dictionaries and I know want to measure the time needed to check if a key is in the dictionary. I tried to run this piece of code:
...ANSWER
Answered 2021-Sep-21 at 10:20Let me try to answer my own question. The dict implementation in CPython is optimised for lookups of str keys. Indeed, there are two different functions that are used to perform lookups:
lookdictis a generic dictionary lookup function that is used with all types of keyslookdict_unicodeis a specialised lookup function used for dictionaries composed of str-only keys
Python will use the string-optimised version until a search for non-string data, after which the more general function is used.
And it looks like you cannot even reverse the behaviour of a particular dict instance: once it starts using the generic function, you can't go back to using the specialised one!
QUESTION
I was reading about differences between threads and processes, and literally everywhere online, one difference is commonly written without much explanation:
If a process gets blocked, remaining processes can continue execution. If a user level thread gets blocked, all of its peer threads also get blocked.
It doesn't make any sense to me. What would be the sense of concurrency if a scheduler cannot switch between a blocked thread and a ready/runnable thread. The reason given is that since the OS doesn't differentiate between the various threads of a given parent process, it blocks all of them at once.
I find it very unconvincing, since all modern OS have thread control blocks with a thread ID, even if it is valid only within the memory space of the parent process. Like the example given in Galvin's Operating Systems book, I wouldn't want the thread which is handling my typing to be blocked if the spell checking thread cannot connect to some online dictionary, perhaps.
Either I am understanding this concept wrong, or all these websites have just copied some old thread differences over the years. Moreover, I cannot find this statement in books, like Galvin's or maybe in William Stalling's COA book where threads have been discussed.
These are resouces where I found the statements:
...ANSWER
Answered 2021-Aug-30 at 11:12There is a difference between kernel-level and user-level threads. In simple words:
- Kernel-level threads: Threads that are managed by the operating system, including scheduling. They are what is executed on the processor. That's what probably most of us think of threads.
- User-level threads: Threads that are managed by the program itself. They are also called fibers or coroutines in some contexts. In contrast to kernel-level threads, they need to "yield the execution", i.e. switching from one user-level to another user-level thread is done explicitly by the program. User-level threads are mapped to kernel-level threads.
As user-level threads need to be mapped to kernel-level threads, you need to choose a suiteable mapping. You could map each user-level to a separate kernel-level thread. You could also map many user-level to one kernel-level thread. In the latter mapping, you let multiple concurrent execution paths be executed by a single thread "as we know it". If one of those paths blocks, recall that user-level threads need to yield the execution, then the executing (kernel-level) thread blocks, which causes all other assigned paths to also be effectively blocked. I think, this is what the statement refers to. FYI: In Java, user-level threads – the multithreading you do in your programs – are mapped to kernel-level threads by the JVM, i.e. the runtime system.
Related stuff:
QUESTION
Consider the following metaclass/class definitions:
...ANSWER
Answered 2021-Aug-22 at 18:43I haven't looked at the rest of the stdlib, but EnumMeta accomplishes this by overriding the __dir__ method (i.e. specifying it in the EnumMeta class):
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