CPU | CPU Internals

 by   matt-wu C++ Version: 0.1 License: MIT

kandi X-RAY | CPU Summary

kandi X-RAY | CPU Summary

CPU is a C++ library. CPU has no bugs, it has no vulnerabilities, it has a Permissive License and it has low support. You can download it from GitHub.

CPU Internals (Cache, TLB, MMU, Pipeline, Branch Prediction, Out-of-Order Execution, ROB, Side Channel Attack ...).
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              CPU has a low active ecosystem.
              It has 7 star(s) with 2 fork(s). There are 2 watchers for this library.
              OutlinedDot
              It had no major release in the last 12 months.
              CPU has no issues reported. There are no pull requests.
              It has a neutral sentiment in the developer community.
              The latest version of CPU is 0.1

            kandi-Quality Quality

              CPU has no bugs reported.

            kandi-Security Security

              CPU has no vulnerabilities reported, and its dependent libraries have no vulnerabilities reported.

            kandi-License License

              CPU is licensed under the MIT License. This license is Permissive.
              Permissive licenses have the least restrictions, and you can use them in most projects.

            kandi-Reuse Reuse

              CPU releases are available to install and integrate.

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            CPU Key Features

            No Key Features are available at this moment for CPU.

            CPU Examples and Code Snippets

            pip installation: CPU
            pypidot img1Lines of Code : 2dot img1no licencesLicense : No License
            copy iconCopy
            pip install --upgrade pip
            pip install --upgrade "jax[cpu]"
            
              
            Performs CPU embedding lookup .
            pythondot img2Lines of Code : 113dot img2License : Non-SPDX (Apache License 2.0)
            copy iconCopy
            def cpu_embedding_lookup(
                inputs: Any,
                weights: Optional[Any],
                tables: Dict[tpu_embedding_v2_utils.TableConfig, tf_variables.Variable],
                feature_config: Union[tpu_embedding_v2_utils.FeatureConfig, Iterable]  # pylint:disable=g-bare-gen  
            Return whether the given node is run on CPU .
            pythondot img3Lines of Code : 42dot img3License : Non-SPDX (Apache License 2.0)
            copy iconCopy
            def must_run_on_cpu(node, pin_variables_on_cpu=False):
              """Returns True if the given node_def must run on CPU, otherwise False.
            
              Args:
                node: The node to be assigned to a device. Could be either an ops.Operation
                  or NodeDef.
                pin_variab  
            Set the number of logical CPU devices .
            pythondot img4Lines of Code : 29dot img4License : Non-SPDX (Apache License 2.0)
            copy iconCopy
            def set_logical_cpu_devices(self, num_cpus, prefix=""):
                """Set virtual CPU devices in context.
            
                If virtual CPU devices are already configured at context initialization
                by tf.config.set_logical_device_configuration(), this method should no  

            Community Discussions

            QUESTION

            Parallelize histogram creation in c++ with futures: how to use a template function with future?
            Asked 2021-Jun-16 at 00:46

            Giving a bit of context. I'm using c++17. I'm using pointer T* data because this will interop with cuda code. I'm trying write a parallel version (on CPU) of a histogram creator. The sequential version:

            ...

            ANSWER

            Answered 2021-Jun-16 at 00:46

            The issue you are having has nothing to do with templates. You cannot invoke std::async() on a member function without binding it to an instance. Wrapping the call in a lambda does the trick.

            Here's an example:

            Source https://stackoverflow.com/questions/67994778

            QUESTION

            WMIC output in a batch script
            Asked 2021-Jun-15 at 18:34

            This is pretty straight forward but after much Googling and experimenting, I cannot find the answer. I will use this as an example and then I can apply it to other scripts I am writing. When I run this command

            ...

            ANSWER

            Answered 2021-Jun-15 at 18:34

            The Unicode output of WMIC encoded with UTF-16 LE with BOM (byte order mark) can be filtered with two FOR loops to get just the wanted data written into an ASCII encoded text file.

            Source https://stackoverflow.com/questions/67991413

            QUESTION

            What happens to the CPU pipeline when the memory with the instructions is changed by another core?
            Asked 2021-Jun-15 at 16:56

            I'm trying to understand how the "fetch" phase of the CPU pipeline interacts with memory.

            Let's say I have these instructions:

            ...

            ANSWER

            Answered 2021-Jun-15 at 16:34

            It varies between implementations, but generally, this is managed by the cache coherency protocol of the multiprocessor. In simplest terms, what happens is that when CPU1 writes to a memory location, that location will be invalidated in every other cache in the system. So that write will invalidate the line in CPU2's instruction cache as well as any (partially) decoded instructions in CPU2's uop cache (if it has such a thing). So when CPU2 goes to fetch/execute the next instruction, all those caches will miss and it will stall while things are refetched. Depending on the cache coherency protocol, that may involve waiting for the write to get to memory, or may fetch the modified data directly from CPU1's dcache, or things might go via some shared cache.

            Source https://stackoverflow.com/questions/67988744

            QUESTION

            How to thread a generator
            Asked 2021-Jun-15 at 16:02

            I have a generator object, that loads quite big amount of data and hogs the I/O of the system. The data is too big to fit into memory all at once, hence the use of generator. And I have a consumer that all of the CPU to process the data yielded by generator. It does not consume much of other resources. Is it possible to interleave these tasks using threads?

            For example I'd guess it is possible to run the simplified code below in 11 seconds.

            ...

            ANSWER

            Answered 2021-Jun-15 at 16:02

            Send your data to separate processes. I used concurrent.futures because I like the simple interface.

            This runs in about 11 seconds on my computer.

            Source https://stackoverflow.com/questions/67958976

            QUESTION

            Dynamic Library error while using Tensorflow with GPU
            Asked 2021-Jun-15 at 10:13

            I am programming in Python 3.8 with Tensorflow installed along with my natural language processing project. When I want to begin the training phase, I get this message right before I begin...

            ...

            ANSWER

            Answered 2021-Mar-10 at 14:44

            I would suggest you to use conda (Ananconda/Miniconda) to create a separate environment and install tensorflow-gpu, cudnn and cudatoolkit. Miniconda has a much smaller footprint than Anaconda. I would suggest you to install Miniconda if you do not have conda already.

            Quick Installtion

            Source https://stackoverflow.com/questions/66553987

            QUESTION

            How python multithreaded program can run on different Cores of CPU simultaneously despite of having GIL
            Asked 2021-Jun-15 at 08:23

            In this video, he shows how multithreading runs on physical(Intel or AMD) processor cores.

            https://youtu.be/ecKWiaHCEKs

            and

            is python capable of running on multiple cores?

            All these links basically say:
            Python threads cannot take advantage of many physical cores. This is due to an internal implementation detail called the GIL (global interpreter lock) and if we want to utilize multiple physical cores of the CPU we must use true parallel multiprocessing module

            But when I ran this below code on my laptop

            ...

            ANSWER

            Answered 2021-Jun-15 at 08:06

            https://docs.python.org/3/library/math.html

            The math module consists mostly of thin wrappers around the platform C math library functions.

            While python itself can only execute a single instruction at a time, a low level c function that is called by python does not have this limitation.
            So it's not python that is using multiple cores but your system's well optimized math library that is wrapped by python's math module.

            That basically answers both your questions.

            Regarding the usefulness of multiprocessing: It is still useful for those cases, where you're trying to parallelize pure python code or code that does not call libraries that already use multiple cores. However, it comes with inter process communication (IPC) overhead that may or may not be larger than the performance gain that you get from using multiple cores. Tuning IPC is therefore often crucial for multiprocessing in python.

            Source https://stackoverflow.com/questions/67982013

            QUESTION

            I could not click licence agreement 'Accept' button in Hololens 2 Emulator
            Asked 2021-Jun-14 at 18:48

            I just launched the emulator App by double clicking it. It loaded (loading time is 10 to 15 min) with an audio to accept Microsoft licence agreement and login with current Microsoft id. It shows the licence agreement window as shown in below image:

            Hololens Emulator Licence Agreement

            I could not click the Accept button. So I could not proceed further. I used alt+mouse drag to bring the hand, but either the hand does not appear or sometimes even if it appears and moves, no raycast to point on the button. I tried toggling the Use mouse, use keyboard for simulation check boxes.

            Emulator version: 10.0.20346.1002

            My device sepc:

            Processor Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-7700HQ CPU @ 2.80GHz 2.80 GHz, Installed RAM 16.0 GB (15.9 GB usable), System type 64-bit operating system, x64-based processor

            Windows Spec:

            Edition Windows 10 Enterprise, Version 21H1, OS build 19043.1023, Experience Windows Feature Experience Pack 120.2212.2020.0

            Windows SDK version - 10.0.20348.1

            GPU: Nvidia Geforce GTX 1070, DirectX version: 12, Driver model: WDDM 2.7

            ...

            ANSWER

            Answered 2021-Jun-14 at 18:48

            Thanks Hernando - MSFT for helping me. The Accept button in the Licence agreemnet window can be clicked by moving back and forth the hand using W,A,S,D keys.

            Previously i thought that i should click using a raycast pointer. It would be nice if i can click using raycast because the current approach is very difficult for any new users.

            Additionally, sometimes mouse and keyboard inputs doesn't worked for me. This is because the 'Use Mouse' and 'Use Keyboard' check-boxes under the Simulation Panel is disabled. We have to ensure they are enabled for using mouse and keyboard for simulation inputs.

            Source https://stackoverflow.com/questions/67925873

            QUESTION

            utf8::all on perl-5.12.3 doesn't work and I can't uninstall it
            Asked 2021-Jun-14 at 18:48

            On Mac OS X 10.7.5 on which perl-5.12.3 is installed, I needed to use the utf8::all module so I have manually installed utf8-all-0.024 (Note the minimum perl version of v5.10.0 on its CPAN page) The make test has failed but I've still installed it to see if it would work. It didn't work so I've decided to uninstall it. I've tried 2 methods given at perl.com the first method didn't work as it required perl-5.14.2 The second method gave this message:

            ...

            ANSWER

            Answered 2021-Jun-14 at 18:28

            You've made a mess of things by incorrectly installing the module. Specifically, you didn't install the dependencies.

            Ideally, you should use the package manager that provided perl itself. But they don't provide every module. So you'd use the non-package manager approach:

            Source https://stackoverflow.com/questions/67973778

            QUESTION

            Why are these 2 instructions considered data dependent?
            Asked 2021-Jun-14 at 15:41

            So , I have learnt that when we use the technique of pipelining in CPU , we may have to tackle some hazards such as data dependency between two instructions. I do get for example this data dependecy:

            ...

            ANSWER

            Answered 2021-Feb-03 at 16:50

            We needed the adress of t0

            Registers don't have addresses: they have names; they have positions/index in the register file, and, they hold values.

            Only memory has addresses.

            Since, lw, does need the correct value of mem[$t0] + 4

            That lw accesses mem[$t0+4], and it needs $t0's value so it can do the + .

            The lw and sw instructions compute an effective address:

            Source https://stackoverflow.com/questions/66031311

            QUESTION

            Are there performance differences between await Task.Delay() and Task.Delay().Wait() in a separate Task?
            Asked 2021-Jun-14 at 13:43

            I have a construct like this:

            ...

            ANSWER

            Answered 2021-Jun-14 at 13:43

            There are concrete efficiency losses because of the inefficient use of threads. Each thread requires at least 1 MB for its stack, so the more threads that are created in order to do nothing, the more memory is allocated for unproductive purposes.

            It is also possible for concrete performance losses to appear, in case the demand for threads surpasses the ThreadPool availability. In this case the ThreadPool becomes saturated, and new threads are injected in the pool in a conservative (slow) rate. So the tasks you create and Start will not start immediately, but instead they will be entered in an internal queue, waiting for a free thread, either one that completed some previous work, or an new injected one.

            Regarding your concerns about creating busy waiting procedures, no, that's not what happening. A sleeping thread does not consume CPU resources.

            As a side note, creating cold Tasks using the Task constructor is an advanced technique that's only used in special occasions. The common way of creating delegate-based tasks is through the convenient Task.Run method, that returns hot (already started) tasks.

            Source https://stackoverflow.com/questions/67969696

            Community Discussions, Code Snippets contain sources that include Stack Exchange Network

            Vulnerabilities

            No vulnerabilities reported

            Install CPU

            You can download it from GitHub.

            Support

            For any new features, suggestions and bugs create an issue on GitHub. If you have any questions check and ask questions on community page Stack Overflow .
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