rnp | RNP : high performance C++ OpenPGP library used by Mozilla | Email library

Disable the auto-update (or app update) process used by (mozilla) Thunderbird = TB, email-client software, and Firefox = FF, web-browser software.

   TB = Thunderbird . FF = Firefox.

in below,
if you'll configure TB only, then avoid following config/setting that are for FF.
if you'll configure FF only, then avoid following config/setting that are for TB.

Disable auto update via Thunderbird's (or Firefox's) GUI (graphical user interfacce):

• "about:preferences" - goto TB/FF's main menu > Preferences (in macOS) , or goto TB/FF main menu > Options (in Windows) , or goto TB/FF main menu > Tools > Options (in Windows), or goto TB main menu > Options (in Linux/Unix).
  • in macOS goto "Update" tab: in left-pane/rows, select "Advanced" > then in right-side select "Update" tab
  • in Windows, Linux/Unix goto "Update" tab or section: select "General" in left-pane/rows > then in right-side select "Update" tab or scroll-down to the "Update" section.
• select this specific option:
  ◉"check for updates, but let me choose whether to install them".
  
• if you see such option:
  ☐“Use a background service to install updates” exists
  or has-appeared, under this below option
  ◉"Check for updates, but let you choose to install them",
  then keep the "background-service" option also unchecked/unselected (☐).
  • if this "background-service" option is disabled, and when you will want to do update manually, then TB/FF will show you update pop-ups meesage, and ask you to decide if you want to install or cancel.
• if you goto "Update" tab or section, you should see info like below
  
  (shown version number will be different at different time)
  
  
  

Change below preference/options/settings, to disable update or auto-update:

• type “about:config” (without previous double-quote symbols) in a browser-tab address bar inside Thunderbird/Firefox , then press “Enter“,
  • or goto TB main-menu > Tools > Options , or goto TB's Preferences/settings , then goto Advanced > General > at bottom side you should see "Config Editor".
• 
     Config-Editor is shown above in bottom-right corner.
• you have to agree "I accept the risk!" button shown in below, to proceed into editing stage of preference/setting
  
• in search box, type to search for this setting: “app.update.auto”
• double-click on the “app.update.auto” option to toggle/switch the setting in-between "true" or "flase" . If it is set to “true“, then automatic updates are enabled . If set to “false“, automatic updates are disabled.
  
• search for "app.update.enabled" setting, if exists and if it is not showing false, then change true by double-clicking on it into false, then any update will be disabled.
  • You may also create this setting if it does not exist, and then set it to false anyway.
  • when "app.update.enabled" is false (any update is disabled), then TB/FF will also ignore the “app.update.auto” setting/option even if its true.
• search for "app.update.silent" setting: if it exists and if you set it to true, then TB/FF will not show you reminder message when new update is available. If it is fasle, then TB will show you update notification, and you have to choose if you want to update or not.
  • this setting should be set to true, so that TB/FF can atleast notify you when a newer update is available, as some updates are really helpful.
  • I like this option, as it informs me when a new update available & (new) version number of that. Then i like to Cancel this update notification myself, so i keep at false. My Mac/PC is not used by anyone else, so there is (almost) no-chance that someone in my side can select such an option to update it. I'm always careful about updating anything.
• search for "app.update.doorhanger" setting: if it exists and if you set it to false, then TB/FF will not show you notifying icon or reminder message, even when a new update is available.
• if your PC/Mac is used also by someone else, or if there is a chance that you may mistakenly choose "Update" (or you forget to NOT-update), then it is better that you disable all update & notification by doing these: keep “app.update.auto” at false, "app.update.silent" at true, "app.update.enabled" at fasle, "app.update.doorhanger" at false.
• WHEN A SETTING DOES NOT PRE-EXIST, THEN HOW DO I ADD IT MANUALLY ? create it manually this way : type any word, for-example "doorhanger" in "Search" box, then right-click on empty area below "Preference Name" column, or right click on the column header "Preference Nane" > popup window will appear, select "New" . As the "app.update.doorhanger" setting can only have value false or true, so it is a "Boolean" type setting, so select "New" > "Boolean" , then enter preference name "app.update.doorhanger" > then select "false" or "true" value, based on what YOU want it to perform.
• More info:
  http://kb.mozillazine.org/About:config_Entries#Update._and_Update_notifications
  http://kb.mozillazine.org/Security_Policies
  
  
  

In windows, if you want to make sure, Thunderbird app update is completely disabled, then for both 64bit & 32bit Windows or TB, follow below steps:

• run regedit.exe, ( reg =registry ) , accept the RISK related warnings, and find/browse to below reg key location:
  HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Policies\Mozilla\Thunderbird (for Thunderbird=TB).
  or HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Policies\Thunderbird (for Thunderbird=TB).
  ( HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Policies\Mozilla\Firefox ) (for Firefox=FF).
  
• If any one of the above (Thunderbird related) reg keys does not exist in windows registry, then Create them with a right-click on the previous key, and then select New > Key > then Right-Click on Thunderbird (to configure TB) ( or Right-click on Firefox to configure FF) , and select New > Dword (32-bit) Value > name it DisableAppUpdate > set its value to 1 to disable update & auto-update.
  ( If later you want-to/need-to enable update, then you may set DisableAppUpdate key value to 0. )
• After above setting is done, user will see a line
  "Updates disabled by your system administrator"
  has appeared under the version number, in Thunderbird, and such line will also appear in TB main-menu > "About" popup info page, and inside "Update" tab or under "Update" section, etc.
  
  
  
  

In newer TB versions, above settings may be ignored, and OS other-than Windows-OS does not use Windows-REGISTRY, so, to make sure that update or auto-update is completely disabled in Linux/Unix/macOS, you have to apply POLICY RULE based solution.
TB = Thunderbird . FF = Firefox.
OS = Operating System (for example: Windows, macOS, Linux, Unix, Android, iOS, etc).

For TB/FF version v62 & later, and TB/FF ESR v60 & later, please read essential instruction on policies that any OS user first need-to understand, here.

• Windows - locate the sub-folder where your "thunderbird.exe" (or "firefox.exe") file is, then create a sub-folder called "distribution" next to the EXE file, then create a file "policies.json" inside the "distribution\" sub-folder.
  • "thunderbird.exe" file/app is usually located here:
    "C:\Program Files\Mozilla Thunderbird\" (if you're using 64bit edition)
    "C:\Program Files (x86)\Mozilla Thunderbird\" (if you're using 32bit edition)
  • "firefox.exe" file/app is usually located here:
    "C:\Program Files\Mozilla Firefox\" (if you're using 64bit edition)
    "C:\Program Files (x86)\Mozilla Firefox\" (if you're using 32bit edition)
• macOS - go inside "Thunderbird.app", (for which you want to disable update or disable auto-update), by right-clicking on "Thunderbird.app" icon/file, & then select "Show Package Contents" option, create a sub-folder "distribution/" inside the "Resources/" sub-folder, like this: "Thunderbird.app/Contents/Resources/distribution/", then create a file called "policies.json" inside "distribution/" sub-folder.
  • go inside "Firefox.app" (for which you want to disable update or auto-update), by right-clicking on "Firefox.app" icon/file, & then select "Show Package Contents" option, create a sub-folder "distribution/" inside the "Resources/" sub-folder, like this: "Firefox.app/Contents/Resources/distribution/", then create a file called "policies.json" inside "distribution" sub-folder.
  • Then follow from here: 1, 2.
  • Note: "Thunderbird.app" (or "Firefox.app") is usually located inside the "Applications/" folder, under the "/" root folder of Mac storage drive, here: "/Applications/"
• Linux/Unix - create the file "policies.json" inside "distribution/" folder, located here: "thunderbird/distribution/" for TB, (or create "distribution/" here "firefox/distribution/" for FF), different OS distro (aka: distribution) keeps the thunderbird (or firefox) app folder at different location, for-example: TB may be located here: "/opt/thunderbird/", "/usr/local/thunderbird/", etc. Same way, FF could also be in different location in different distro, for example, it can be here: "/opt/firefox/", "/usr/local/firefox/", etc.
• If you don't want to create the "distribution/" sub-folder inside TB/FF app folder, then you can also create or specify a system-wide policy by placing the json file here for TB: /etc/thunderbird/policies/ (or place here for FF: /etc/firefox/policies/), in macOS/Linux/Unix.
• create a policy rule inside the "policies.json" file, (as shown inside above linked webpages, and also shown in below code/quote box), to disable auto-update or to disable TB/FF app update:

Here are problems with your code:

1. You need to specify a level for im2bw since the paper is not completely white. So when calling im2bw with 0.5 as level (which is the default value), some parts of the background become black in the black and white image.
2. Note that bwconncomp finds white bodies of pixels in a black background. So you need to invert the binarized image before you go on.
3. It's better to remove salt and pepper noise by calling medfilt2.
4. As expected in the assignment, you need to dilate the image horizontally to connect components of a line, so you need a horizontal rectangle when calling strel to construct structuring element. When you fix these, you will get the correct connected components:

The following are the steps you need to take from the point you got the correct labeled image:

1. Find the area, centroid, and bounding box of each component by calling regionprops.
2. Separate the components that correspond to the answers by specifying a threshold value for the area of ​​the components.
3. Also, separate the components of the left and right columns by setting another threshold value for the x of centroid of the components.
4. For each of the columns:
   1. Arrange the rows of each column in the order of y of their centroids.
   2. For each of the rows of the column:
      1. Calculate the question number based on the row and column index.
      2. Extract the contents inside the component boundingbox from the binarized image (not the image containing the labels nor the dilated image) and keep it in a separate image.
      3. Call the regionprops for the segmented image and find the area of ​​the components inside it.
      4. Find index of the component with the largest area, and since the regionprops sorts the components from left to right, return this index as the selected answer.

answers =

When you only want to change the value of numero when it is not set, add a test like numero ||.
After reading your comment I changed my solution. As I understand now, you don't want one record with the results fo all blocks combined, but you want one resulting line for each block processed. Each new block starts with .
This solution will make all values empty at the start of a new block (not needed for the first block but it won't harm).
The results of a block are shown, when a new block is found and when we are at the end of the file.

Try adding some sleep time (say 3 seconds) every n number of tickers.