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QUESTION
I have implemented a pseudo-generic dynamic array in C, for primitive types. It takes enum constants as identifier for each type- INT
, LONG_INT
, DECIMAL
, CHAR
. The main struct list
has a member _assets
, which is a void
pointer (to have a level of abstraction). This void
pointer is type-casted to another struct (which is the main internal working of the container) in the C file implementation. I tested the list with all the types, and it worked perfectly fine. The problem arose when I created 2 lists, performed some operations, and then deleted the both lists together in the same order they were created. It gives me an error:- Critical error detected c0000374
; and says, unable to open 'free-base.cpp'
. The deletion takes play through the free_assets
method. The 2 lists work perfectly fine when I delete the first list object before using the second list object, which is quiet unusual, since they are 2 different objects.
primitive_list.h
...ANSWER
Answered 2022-Mar-13 at 07:06You have a problem here:
QUESTION
I have implemented a Convolutional Neural Network in C and have been studying what parts of it have the longest latency.
Based on my research, the massive amounts of matricial multiplication required by CNNs makes running them on CPUs and even GPUs very inefficient. However, when I actually profiled my code (on an unoptimized build) I found out that something other than the multiplication itself was the bottleneck of the implementation.
After turning on optimization (-O3 -march=native -ffast-math
, gcc cross compiler), the Gprof result was the following:
Clearly, the convolution2D
function takes the largest amount of time to run, followed by the batch normalization and depthwise convolution functions.
The convolution function in question looks like this:
...ANSWER
Answered 2022-Mar-10 at 13:57Looking at the result of Cachegrind, it doesn't look like the memory is your bottleneck. The NN has to be stored in memory anyway, but if it's too large that your program's having a lot of L1 cache misses, then it's worth thinking to try to minimize L1 misses, but 1.7% of L1 (data) miss rate is not a problem.
So you're trying to make this run fast anyway. Looking at your code, what's happening at the most inner loop is very simple (load-> multiply -> add -> store), and it doesn't have any side effect other than the final store. This kind of code is easily parallelizable, for example, by multithreading or vectorizing. I think you'll know how to make this run in multiple threads seeing that you can write code with some complexity, and you asked in comments how to manually vectorize the code.
I will explain that part, but one thing to bear in mind is that once you choose to manually vectorize the code, it will often be tied to certain CPU architectures. Let's not consider non-AMD64 compatible CPUs like ARM. Still, you have the option of MMX, SSE, AVX, and AVX512 to choose as an extension for vectorized computation, and each extension has multiple versions. If you want maximum portability, SSE2 is a reasonable choice. SSE2 appeared with Pentium 4, and it supports 128-bit vectors. For this post I'll use AVX2, which supports 128-bit and 256-bit vectors. It runs fine on your CPU, and has reasonable portability these days, supported from Haswell (2013) and Excavator (2015).
The pattern you're using in the inner loop is called FMA (fused multiply and add). AVX2 has an instruction for this. Have a look at this function and the compiled output.
QUESTION
I am working on a p2p application and to make testing simple, I am currently using udp broadcast for the peer discovery in my local network. Each peer binds one udp socket to port 29292 of the ip address of each local network interface (discovered via GetAdaptersInfo
) and each socket periodically sends a packet to the broadcast address of its network interface/local address. The sockets are set to allow port reuse (via setsockopt
SO_REUSEADDR
), which enables me to run multiple peers on the same local machine without any conflicts. In this case there is only a single peer on the entire network though.
This all works perfectly fine (tested with 2 peers on 1 machine and 2 peers on 2 machines) UNTIL a network interface is disconnected. When deactivacting the network adapter of either my wifi or an USB-to-LAN adapter in the windows dialog, or just plugging the usb cable of the adapter, the next call to sendto
will fail with return code 10049
. It doesn't matter if the other adapter is still connected, or was at the beginning, it will fail. The only thing that doesn't make it fail is deactivating wifi through the fancy win10 dialog through the taskbar, but that isn't really a surprise because that doesn't deactivate or remove the adapter itself.
I initially thought that this makes sense because when the nic is gone, how should the system route the packet. But: The fact that the packet can't reach its target has absolutely nothing to do with the address itsself being invalid (which is what the error means), so I suspect I am missing something here. I was looking for any information I could use to detect this case and distinguish it from simply trying to sendto
INADDR_ANY
, but I couldn't find anything. I started to log every bit of information which I suspected could have changed, but its all the same on a successfull sendto
and the one that crashes (retrieved via getsockopt
):
ANSWER
Answered 2022-Mar-01 at 16:01This is a issue people have been facing up for a while , and people suggested to read the documentation provided by Microsoft on the following issue . "Btw , I don't know whether they are the same issues or not but the error thrown back the code are same, that's why I have attached a link for the same!!"
QUESTION
I came across this post discussing how to print file permissions from the stat
library, but I'm confused on how the definition of the struct works.
When I've defined structs, I've always defined them like struct struct_type *name
. But in the example the struct is defined like struct struct_type name
(without being a pointer). From what I can tell, there should be two different ways to access the information depending on how you define the struct.
ANSWER
Answered 2022-Feb-14 at 21:32This is not an alternate notation
QUESTION
My command uses return codes and a string reference argument instead of exceptions to detect an error in the execution of a function.
We have some invariant checking that looks like this:
...ANSWER
Answered 2022-Feb-12 at 20:40C++20 made it possible to call #define F(x, y, ...)
as F(1, 2)
, without the comma after the last argument.
If C++20 is available, the only change you need to do is to replace , __VA_ARGS__
with __VA_OPT__(,) __VA_ARGS__
to the remove the comma if no extra arguments are passed.
Otherwise, just combine format
and ...
parameters into a single ...
parameter.
QUESTION
I am trying to link Cortex-M4 firmware with clang + lld. The gcc build works fine. I am using the stock CMSIS linker script with only RAM & ROM size adjusted (bases are the same). Beginning of the script (without comments):
...ANSWER
Answered 2022-Feb-08 at 09:57I fixed it by removing COPY
and adding NOLOAD
to the stack section. It builds and runs fine both with gcc and clang.
QUESTION
I have an AVPlayer that is playing a moderately large video (~150mb). When loading the video initially, I find that the player remains idle for upwards of 10-15 seconds in the AVPlayerWaitingWhileEvaluatingBufferingRateReason
state. My question is simple: how can I prevent AVPlayer from "evaluating the buffering rate reason" for this long and instead move to immediately playing the video?
I am using a custom resource loader (although this same behaviour is exhibited without using a custom resource loader). Here is the relevant code for creating the AVPlayer (all standard boilerplate):
...ANSWER
Answered 2022-Feb-07 at 17:31Apple has confirmed that the issue is not the size of the video, but instead a malformed MP4 with too many moof+mdat atoms.
At this point in time, this has been determined to be working as intended. Although, I would like to see some way to avoid this initial buffering in the future, even if the MP4 is malformed.
QUESTION
Although High Sierra is no longer supported by Homebrew, but I need to install llvm@13
formula as a dependency for other formulas. So I tried to install it this way:
ANSWER
Answered 2021-Nov-26 at 08:27Install llvm with debug mode enabled:
QUESTION
I wrote a program that converts decimal numbers (date of birth) to binary. Converting the day and month works smoothly, but when it comes to converting the year a problem occurs, for example 2001 is converted to 2521075409 instead of 11111010001. Could you tell me where the problem is?
...ANSWER
Answered 2021-Nov-14 at 22:43With int i;
, i *= 10
quickly reaches the max limit for 32-bit integer 0x7fff'ffff
. So i
will also need to be 64-bit, it can be unsigned
so the ceiling is a bit higher at 0xffff'ffff'ffff'ffff
. Example
QUESTION
I have the following (simplified) function using inline assembly, targeting mips:
...ANSWER
Answered 2021-Oct-26 at 23:00Yes! Do one of:
- Add
"trap_unreachable": false
to your target.json - Build with
RUSTFLAGS=-Ztrap-unreachable=no
. (nightly-only though)
Unfortunately it's not very well documented. Further reading: PR where the trap instruction generation was added PR where trap-unreachable=no was added
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