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You don't need to assume where the problem is; the answer is in the backtrace that you posted. The exception happened during a particular function call in your code:

I think your error is that the constructor new TimeSpan(int) does not take milliseconds, but multiples of the high-resolution tick value, which is 100ns. And since Thread.Sleep() has a minimal resolution of 1ms, a timespan of less than 1ms doesn't wait at all. Therefore, as long as Ticks is less than 10.000, your loop runs as fast as it can (apparently about 3400 times per second). As soon as Ticks is larger than 10.000 (which corresponds to a wait time of 1ms) things change: Now the loop waits regularly, and you get about 100 iterations per second. This is now likely since the minimal wait time of Thread.Sleep() is 10ms (a value that varies with hardware).

Probably a soft link will do, try sudo ln -s /usr/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python

The data you provided is b'\x00\x00\x00?' - I'm going to assume that this is 0000003f (please output hex with msg1.payload.hex()).

I'll also assume that by "float binary little endian" you mean a big endian floating point (IEE754) - note that this does not match up with the algorithm you are using (twos compliment). Plugging this input into an online tool indicates that the expected result ("Float - Big Endian (ABCD)") is 8.82818e-44 (it's worth checking with this tool; sometimes the encoding may not be what you think it is!).

Lets unpack this using python (see the struct docs for more information):

Here's how I'm using BleClient.write to transmit information to a BLE device (recipient):

As a low-level C++ developer, I understand exactly what you need, and sadly, there is no replacement for flexible array members in standard C++, with or without templates. You have to keep using flexible array members via compiler extensions.

They are not included in the language since in their current form, they are essentially a hack. They don't do well with inheritance or composition.

The problem with templates is that, the flexible array version has a common type of arrays of all sizes. That means you can place them in arrays, have non-template functions take them as parameters etc:

Finally, here is a work around: we are going to provide the missing /opt/osxcross folder and contents.

1. If you do not have gcc installed (this should be unlikely though, install gcc to get the folder content, as follows: $ brew install gcc

2. Create the missing /opt/osxcross folder as follows: $ sudo mkdir -p /opt/osxcross/target/bin/../x86_64-apple-darwin12/lib/ Note that you'll be prompted for your password.

3. And, finally, copy the folder contents from the gcc build as follows: $ sudo cp /usr/local/Cellar/gcc/11.2.0_3/lib/gcc/11/libstdc++.6.dylib /opt/osxcross/target/x86_64-apple-darwin12/lib/libstdc++.6.dylib

This completes the fix.

You must restart vscode, Arduino IDE or whatever tool you use. And then build your project, which should compile successfully.

And voila.

if reformat with vfsFat is close enough to 'getting rid of' you can do the following:

This is not a direct answer on how to use the regex, however, if you want to skip the headers and get the payload, other than using regex, or a httpclient library that I suggested in the comment, it is not difficult to do that without using any library.

To skip the header and get the payload, you need to modify your code to find the end of the header.