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kandi X-RAY | darwin-xnu Summary
kandi X-RAY | darwin-xnu Summary
XNU kernel is part of the Darwin operating system for use in macOS and iOS operating systems. XNU is an acronym for X is Not Unix. XNU is a hybrid kernel combining the Mach kernel developed at Carnegie Mellon University with components from FreeBSD and a C++ API for writing drivers called IOKit. XNU runs on x86_64 for both single processor and multi-processor configurations.
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QUESTION
I'm trying to write a program to expose the arguments of other pids on macOS. I've made the KERN_PROCARGS2
sysctl
, but it turns out that everyone and their dog use this wrong. Including Apple's ps
, and Google's Chrome. The exec
family of functions all allow you to pass an empty string as argv[0]
, which is not great but it can happen and so must be dealt with. In this case, the standard approach of skipping forward past the NULL
s following the exec_path
in the returned buffer doesn't work, as the last NULL
before the rest of the arguments is actually the terminating NULL
of an empty string, So you wind up skipping an argument you didn't mean to, which can result in printing an env var as an argument (I've confirmed this behaviour in many programs).
To do this properly one must calculate how many nulls to skip, instead of skipping them all every time. There are references around the web to the different parts of the returned buffer being pointer aligned, however no matter what part of the buffer I try to check with len % 8
I don't get a correct count of padding NULL
s.
ANSWER
Answered 2021-Apr-13 at 05:00It's the length of the saved exec_path
that needs to be padded to a multiple of the system pointer length.
QUESTION
I compile a macOS driverkit system extension as a Universal library so that it contains both x86_64
and arm64
. One Apple Silicon computer A the driver starts when I attach the USB device. On Apple Silicon computer B I can see kernel: exec_mach_imgact: disallowing arm64 platform driverkit binary "com.example.driver", should be arm64e
being printed in the Console.app when the USB device is attached. I've looked at the source code
of where this is happening but I cannot figure out what the problem is.
If I compile it for arm64e
then it get exec_mach_imgact: not running binary "com.example.driver" built against preview arm64e
on computer A, bit then it starts on computer B.
None of the computers have -arm64e_preview_abi
set in the boot-args
.
If I create a new Xcode (12.4) project on each machine and build Release then computer A and otool -fvv com.example.driver
gives
ANSWER
Answered 2021-Jan-31 at 10:41My experience so far indicates that arm64e
is the correct and only correct Apple Silicon architecture to use for dexts.
For one, there's the "disallowing arm64 platform" error, and also Apple's own DriverKit based drivers are built for arm64e
:
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Vulnerabilities
No vulnerabilities reported
Install darwin-xnu
$(DSTROOT)/System/Library/Frameworks/Kernel.framework/Headers
$(DSTROOT)/System/Library/Frameworks/Kernel.framework/PrivateHeaders
$(DSTROOT)/usr/include/
$(DSTROOT)/System/DriverKit/usr/include/
$(DSTROOT)/System/Library/Frameworks/System.framework/PrivateHeaders
DATAFILES : To make header file available in user level - $(DSTROOT)/usr/include
DRIVERKIT_DATAFILES : To make header file available to DriverKit userspace drivers - $(DSTROOT)/System/DriverKit/usr/include
PRIVATE_DATAFILES : To make header file available to Apple internal in user level - $(DSTROOT)/System/Library/Frameworks/System.framework/PrivateHeaders
KERNELFILES : To make header file available in kernel level - $(DSTROOT)/System/Library/Frameworks/Kernel.framework/Headers $(DSTROOT)/System/Library/Frameworks/Kernel.framework/PrivateHeaders
PRIVATE_KERNELFILES : To make header file available to Apple internal for kernel extensions - $(DSTROOT)/System/Library/Frameworks/Kernel.framework/PrivateHeaders
INSTALL_MI_LIST : Installs header file to a location that is available to everyone in user level. Locations - $(DSTROOT)/usr/include Definition - INSTALL_MI_LIST = ${DATAFILES}
INSTALL_DRIVERKIT_MI_LIST : Installs header file to a location that is available to DriverKit userspace drivers. Locations - $(DSTROOT)/System/DriverKit/usr/include Definition - INSTALL_DRIVERKIT_MI_LIST = ${DRIVERKIT_DATAFILES}
INSTALL_MI_LCL_LIST : Installs header file to a location that is available for Apple internal in user level. Locations - $(DSTROOT)/System/Library/Frameworks/System.framework/PrivateHeaders Definition - INSTALL_MI_LCL_LIST = ${PRIVATE_DATAFILES}
INSTALL_KF_MI_LIST : Installs header file to location that is available to everyone for kernel extensions. Locations - $(DSTROOT)/System/Library/Frameworks/Kernel.framework/Headers Definition - INSTALL_KF_MI_LIST = ${KERNELFILES}
INSTALL_KF_MI_LCL_LIST : Installs header file to location that is available for Apple internal for kernel extensions. Locations - $(DSTROOT)/System/Library/Frameworks/Kernel.framework/PrivateHeaders Definition - INSTALL_KF_MI_LCL_LIST = ${KERNELFILES} ${PRIVATE_KERNELFILES}
EXPORT_MI_LIST : Exports header file to all of xnu (bsd/, osfmk/, etc.) for compilation only. Does not install anything into the SDK. Definition - EXPORT_MI_LIST = ${KERNELFILES} ${PRIVATE_KERNELFILES}
INSTALL_MODULEMAP_INCDIR_MI_LIST : Installs module map file to a location that is available to everyone in user level, installing at the root of INCDIR. Locations - $(DSTROOT)/usr/include Definition - INSTALL_MODULEMAP_INCDIR_MI_LIST = ${MODULEMAP_INCDIR_FILES}
PRIVATE : If defined, enclosed definitions are considered System Private Interfaces. These are visible within xnu and exposed in user/kernel headers installed within the AppleInternal "PrivateHeaders" sections of the System and Kernel frameworks.
KERNEL_PRIVATE : If defined, enclosed code is available to all of xnu kernel and Apple internal kernel extensions and omitted from user headers.
BSD_KERNEL_PRIVATE : If defined, enclosed code is visible exclusively within the xnu/bsd module.
MACH_KERNEL_PRIVATE: If defined, enclosed code is visible exclusively within the xnu/osfmk module.
XNU_KERNEL_PRIVATE: If defined, enclosed code is visible exclusively within xnu.
KERNEL : If defined, enclosed code is available within xnu and kernel extensions and is not visible in user level header files. Only the header files installed in following paths will have the code - $(DSTROOT)/System/Library/Frameworks/Kernel.framework/Headers $(DSTROOT)/System/Library/Frameworks/Kernel.framework/PrivateHeaders g. `DRIVERKIT`: If defined, enclosed code is visible exclusively in the DriverKit SDK headers used by userspace drivers.
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