picat | My unofficial picat http : //picat-lang.org/ repository
kandi X-RAY | picat Summary
kandi X-RAY | picat Summary
Picat is a simple, and yet powerful, logic-based multi-paradigm programming language aimed for general-purpose applications. Picat is a rule-based language, in which predicates, functions, and actors are defined with pattern-matching rules. Picat incorporates many declarative language features for better productivity of software development, including explicit non-determinism, explicit unification, functions, list comprehensions, constraints, and tabling. Picat also provides imperative language constructs, such as assignments and loops, for programming everyday things. The Picat implementation, which is based on a well-designed virtual machine and incorporates a memory manager that garbage-collects and expands the stacks and data areas when needed, is efficient and scalable. Picat can be used for not only symbolic computations, which is a traditional application domain of declarative languages, but also for scripting and modeling tasks. Compared with functional and scripting languages, the support of explicit unification, explicit non-determinism, tabling, and constraints makes Picat more suitable for symbolic computations. Compared with Prolog, Picat is arguably more expressive and scalable: it is not rare to find problems for which Picat requires an order of magnitude fewer lines of code to describe than Prolog and Picat can be significantly faster than Prolog because pattern-matching facilitates indexing of rules.
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QUESTION
What is the definition of the symbol "=>" in Picat and how do you read it ? Is it an implication ? I have trouble to understand it since there seems to be no informations about it in the manual nor in the book.
...ANSWER
Answered 2022-Mar-07 at 18:16Briefly, if you use =>
instead of :-
, you are essentially writing a deterministic predicate. As we know that Prolog is a practical programming language and it is not necessary to keep all predicates pure. A lot of time, we actually write impure programs by cut
and hope single sided unification. The =>
just provides a convenient mechanism to write such programs.
You can understand =>
by program transformation.
QUESTION
Encouraged by the knowledge I've gained from the answer to my previous post, I aim to generate Gray-codes of given length. The procedure hamming
seems to work correctly, however, the Picat system finds no solution. Where's the mistake here?
ANSWER
Answered 2021-Apr-20 at 04:48The reason that the model don't print anything is that you are using list constructs ([H|T]
) on the array matrix Code
which is not allowed. You have to convert the rows of the matrix (which are arrays) to lists. This can be done in two ways:
- Convert the array matrix
Code
matrix to a list matrix witharray_matrix_to_list_matrix()
(requires that theutil
package is loaded):
QUESTION
I got the following realization of the Partition function P
in Prolog, took it from rosetta here:
ANSWER
Answered 2021-Apr-13 at 21:00Bignums is no problem in Picat. Here's my Picat version (inspired by the Maple approach):
QUESTION
I have come across the following puzzle and couldn't formulate a solution in Picat:
You will generate 5-digit numbers, where each digit is in
1..5
and different from the others, with the constraint that any three adjacent digits used in one number can’t be used in another number. How many different numbers can be obtained according to this rule?
For example, if we generated the number 12345
, the other numbers CANNOT contain 123
, 345
, or 456
, so all numbers of the following form are banned from the chain:
ANSWER
Answered 2021-Feb-14 at 20:03Here's the Picat model with the models in Update 4 and Update 5 and Update 6: http://hakank.org/picat/generating_numbers.pi
Update 6: This is probably the constraint model I would have written if not gotten astray from the beginning with wrong assumptions about the problem... It's a more direct approach (from a constraint programmer's perspective) and don't use permutations/1
etc.
It is slightly slower than Update 5 (3.7s using the sat solver vs 3.3s for the Update 4 model). The cp solver is, however, much slower on this model.
In the Picat program cited above it's model go3/0
. (The fastest model is go/0
.)
The approach:
- create an 20 x 5 matrix with domain 1..5.
- for each row ensure that it's distinct numbers
- and in the loop ensure that there are no common triplets
The model:
QUESTION
Lets assume SICStus Prolog is the benchmark for the implementation of certain predicates, even ISO core standard predicates. Especially in connection with attributed variables.
I then find these examples here. Its from SICStus 4 and not only SICStus 3:
...ANSWER
Answered 2021-Jan-03 at 20:59Here is a suggestion (not actually tested in SWI-prolog):
QUESTION
I'm interested in counting the number of solutions a problem have (not enumerating the solutions). For that, I have tools that uses CNF files. I want to convert Minizinc files (mzn or Flatzinc fzn format) and convert it to CNF.
I learned Picat has the ability to "dump" a CNF file after loading the constraints. Moreover, Picat has a clever Module that interprets basic Flatzinc files. I modified the module fzn_picat_sat.pi to "dump" the CNF file. So, what I do is that I convert a Minizinc file to Flatzinc using mzn2fzn, then I try to convert it to CNF using my (slightly) modified version of fzn_picat_sat.pi.
What I want : I expect Picat to load the Flatzinc files and dump an appropriate CNF file. If the original problems has X solutions, I expect the corresponding CNF to have X solutions.
What happens : Most Flatzinc files I tried worked just fine. But some seem to give unwanted results. For example, the following mzn translate to this Flatzinc file. That file has only 211 solutions, but the CNF file dumped by Picat has over 130k solutions. Many SAT solvers can show that the CNF file has over 211 solutions (for example cryptominisat with the option --maxsol
). Weirdly, when I ask Picat to solve the Flatzinc file without translating to CNF, Picat does find only 211 solutions. The problem seems to be somewhere in the translation. Finally, even if the CNF file has the good number of solutions using Picat, I do receive an error % fzn_interpretation_error
.
If anyone tried something like that and succeeded, or if anyone knows how to translate from a CP (constraint programming) language to CNF, that would be much appreciated. Thanks everyone.
...ANSWER
Answered 2020-Aug-19 at 05:38As mentioned in the comments by Axel Kemper, MiniZinc may add additional variables that should not be used to differentiate multiple solutions. As a simple example, consider the following (artificial) MiniZinc model
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