gate | Benign remote code execution

You can concatenate the names first, then check if the search term is contained.

Look like you have not imported Gate facade in UserPolicy class

You can not return anything except boolean in Policy class.You should return false or true.

Moreover when you use Gate inside the policy class you repeat the check policy class again and this causes an infinite loop.

So this is the right way:

After seeing whole log line entry

Use html_safe or raw method on that string.

You can sort objects in a list with the sort method (https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/util/List.html#sort-java.util.Comparator-). To compare them you can use the 'Comparator' class (https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/util/Comparator.html):

My project code is in the directory:

C:\Users\ruthm\Documents\java\logic

This means that to avoid trouble, you'd be better off using same package directive to them both.

So if you add this:

This is how NULL is defined. Period. It means "unknown value" semantically, not "missing value". So NULL != 'abc' returns NULL because the value is not known. And WHERE only returns expressions that explicitly evaluate to "true".

Your real question is why SQL Server doesn't support a NULL safe comparison operator. So the same Standard that defines the behavior of NULL also defines IS DISTINCT FROM to do what you want:

Do not mark my answer as correct as user Autista_z told you the fix, I am going to share something to have a better code, really simple and "Laravel way" stuff to do.

As user Autista_z said: "the problem will be in foreach loop for Gate defining. In first iteration of loop (based on your sample array) you would have $action = 0 and $roles = 'admin_role_manage'. So the name of gate would be 0. So of course, then @can('admin_role_manage') is false".

So, You are setting up or getting a lot of stuff that is not needed, or worded other way, you can have a clearer code (at least for your Middleware class).

If you know (maybe you don't), you can cast models properties to a type you want, so instead of doing json_decode($user_role->permissions) you can simply do foreach ($user_role->permissions as $role), but before you do so you need to cast it.

So your model would have a property $casts as this: