consistent | Go library | Hashing library
kandi X-RAY | consistent Summary
kandi X-RAY | consistent Summary
A Golang implementation of Consistent Hashing and Consistent Hashing With Bounded Loads.
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consistent Key Features
consistent Examples and Code Snippets
def is_rank_consistent(self) -> bool:
"""Check if node's rank is equals to node's size.
Returns:
bool: True if all nodes' are consistent else False
>>> bst = BST()
>>> test_str = 'EAS
def _check_trainable_weights_consistency(self):
"""Check trainable weights count consistency.
This will raise a warning if `trainable_weights` and
`_collected_trainable_weights` are inconsistent (i.e. have different
number of paramet
def consistent_heuristic(P: TPos, goal: TPos):
# euclidean distance
a = np.array(P)
b = np.array(goal)
return np.linalg.norm(a - b)
Community Discussions
Trending Discussions on consistent
QUESTION
This works and outputs "1", because the function's constraints are partially ordered and the most constrained overload wins:
...ANSWER
Answered 2022-Mar-29 at 18:45C++20 recognizes that there can be different spellings of the same effective requirements. So the standard defines two concepts: "equivalent" and "functionally equivalent".
True "equivalence" is based on satisfying the ODR (one-definition rule):
Two expressions involving template parameters are considered equivalent if two function definitions containing the expressions would satisfy the one-definition rule, except that the tokens used to name the template parameters may differ as long as a token used to name a template parameter in one expression is replaced by another token that names the same template parameter in the other expression.
There's more to it, but that's not an issue here.
Equivalence for template heads includes that all constraint expressions are equivalent (template headers include constraints).
Functional equivalence is (usually) about the results of expressions being equal. For template heads, two template heads that are not ODR equivalent can be functionally equivalent:
Two template-heads are functionally equivalent if they accept and are satisfied by ([temp.constr.constr]) the same set of template argument lists.
That's based in part on the validity of the constraint expressions.
Your two template heads in versions 1 and 3 are not ODR equivalent, but they are functionally equivalent, as they both accept the same template parameters. And the behavior of that code will be different from its behavior if they were ODR equivalent. Therefore, this passage kicks in:
If the validity or meaning of the program depends on whether two constructs are equivalent, and they are functionally equivalent but not equivalent, the program is ill-formed, no diagnostic required.
As such, all of the compilers are equally right because your code is wrong. Obviously a compiler shouldn't straight-up crash (and that should be submitted as a bug), but "ill-formed, no diagnostic required" often carries with it unforeseen consequences.
QUESTION
I am using a company-hosted (Bitbucket) git repository that is accessible via HTTPS. Accessing it (e.g. git fetch
) worked using macOS 11 (Big Sur), but broke after an update to macOS 12 Monterey.
*
After the update of macOS to 12 Monterey my previous git setup broke. Now I am getting the following error message:
...ANSWER
Answered 2021-Nov-02 at 07:12Unfortunately I can't provide you with a fix, but I've found a workaround for that exact same problem (company-hosted bitbucket resulting in exact same error).
I also don't know exactly why the problem occurs, but my best guess would be that the libressl library shipped with Monterey has some sort of problem with specific (?TLSv1.3) certs. This guess is because the brew-installed openssl v1.1 and v3 don't throw that error when executed with /opt/homebrew/opt/openssl/bin/openssl s_client -connect ...:443
To get around that error, I've built git from source built against different openssl and curl implementations:
- install
autoconf
,openssl
andcurl
with brew (I think you can select the openssl lib you like, i.e. v1.1 or v3, I chose v3) - clone git version you like, i.e.
git clone --branch v2.33.1 https://github.com/git/git.git
cd git
make configure
(that is why autoconf is needed)- execute
LDFLAGS="-L/opt/homebrew/opt/openssl@3/lib -L/opt/homebrew/opt/curl/lib" CPPFLAGS="-I/opt/homebrew/opt/openssl@3/include -I/opt/homebrew/opt/curl/include" ./configure --prefix=$HOME/git
(here LDFLAGS and CPPFLAGS include the libs git will be built against, the right flags are emitted by brew on install success of curl and openssl; --prefix is the install directory of git, defaults to/usr/local
but can be changed) make install
- ensure to add the install directory's subfolder
/bin
to the front of your$PATH
to "override" the default git shipped by Monterey - restart terminal
- check that
git version
shows the new version
This should help for now, but as I already said, this is only a workaround, hopefully Apple fixes their libressl fork ASAP.
QUESTION
How can I specify a format string for a boolean that's consistent with the other format strings for other types?
Given the following code:
...ANSWER
Answered 2022-Feb-23 at 23:46Unfortunately, no, there isn't.
According to Microsoft, the only data types with format strings are:
- Date and time types (
DateTime, DateTimeOffset
) - Enumeration types (all types derived from
System.Enum
) - Numeric types (
BigInteger, Byte, Decimal, Double, Int16, Int32, Int64, SByte, Single, UInt16, UInt32, UInt64
) Guid
TimeSpan
Boolean.ToString() can only return "True" or "False". It even says, if you need to write it to XML, you need to manually perform ToLowerCase()
(from the lack of string formatting).
QUESTION
[I ran into the issues that prompted this question and my previous question at the same time, but decided the two questions deserve to be separate.]
The docs describe using destructuring assignment with my
and our
variables, but don't mention whether it can be used with has
variables. But Raku is consistent enough that I decided to try, and it appears to work:
ANSWER
Answered 2022-Feb-10 at 18:47This is currently a known bug in Rakudo. The intended behavior is for has
to support list assignment, which would make syntax very much like that shown in the question work.
I am not sure if the supported syntax will be:
QUESTION
The standard defines several 'happens before' relations that extend the good old 'sequenced before' over multiple threads:
[intro.races]
11 An evaluation A simply happens before an evaluation B if either
(11.1) — A is sequenced before B, or
(11.2) — A synchronizes with B, or
(11.3) — A simply happens before X and X simply happens before B.[Note 10: In the absence of consume operations, the happens before and simply happens before relations are identical. — end note]
12 An evaluation A strongly happens before an evaluation D if, either
(12.1) — A is sequenced before D, or
(12.2) — A synchronizes with D, and both A and D are sequentially consistent atomic operations ([atomics.order]), or
(12.3) — there are evaluations B and C such that A is sequenced before B, B simply happens before C, and C is sequenced before D, or
(12.4) — there is an evaluation B such that A strongly happens before B, and B strongly happens before D.[Note 11: Informally, if A strongly happens before B, then A appears to be evaluated before B in all contexts. Strongly happens before excludes consume operations. — end note]
(bold mine)
The difference between the two seems very subtle. 'Strongly happens before' is never true for matching pairs or release-acquire operations (unless both are seq-cst), but it still respects release-acquire syncronization in a way, since operations sequenced before a release 'strongly happen before' the operations sequenced after the matching acquire.
Why does this difference matter?
'Strongly happens before' was introduced in C++20, and pre-C++20, 'simply happens before' used to be called 'strongly happens before'. Why was it introduced?
[atomics.order]/4
says that the total order of all seq-cst operations is consistent with 'strongly happens before'.
Does it mean that it's not consistent with 'simply happens before'? If so, why not?
I'm ignoring the plain 'happens before', because it differs from 'simply happens before' only in its handling of memory_order_consume
, the use of which is temporarily discouraged, since apparently most (all?) major compilers treat it as memory_order_acquire
.
I've already seen this Q&A, but it doesn't explain why 'strongly happens before' exists, and doesn't fully address what it means (it just states that it doesn't respect release-acquire syncronization, which isn't completely the case).
Found the proposal that introduced 'simply happens before'.
I don't fully understand it, but it explains following:
- 'Strongly happens before' is a weakened version of 'simply happens before'.
- The difference is only observable when seq-cst is mixed with aqc-rel on the same variable (I think, it means when an acquire load reads a value from a seq-cst store, or when an seq-cst load reads a value from a release store). But the exact effects of mixing the two are still unclear to me.
ANSWER
Answered 2022-Jan-02 at 18:21Here's my current understanding, which could be incomplete or incorrect. A verification would be appreciated.
C++20 renamed strongly happens before
to simply happens before
, and introduced a new, more relaxed definition for strongly happens before
, which imposes less ordering.
Simply happens before
is used to reason about the presence of data races in your code. (Actually that would be the plain 'happens before', but the two are equivalent in absence of consume operations, the use of which is discouraged by the standard, since most (all?) major compilers treat them as acquires.)
The weaker strongly happens before
is used to reason about the global order of seq-cst operations.
This change was introduced in proposal P0668R5: Revising the C++ memory model, which is based on the paper Repairing Sequential Consistency in C/C++11 by Lahav et al (which I didn't fully read).
The proposal explains why the change was made. Long story short, the way most compilers implement atomics on Power and ARM architectures turned out to be non-conformant in rare edge cases, and fixing the compilers had a performance cost, so they fixed the standard instead.
The change only affects you if you mix seq-cst operations with acquire-release operations on the same atomic variable (i.e. if an acquire operation reads a value from a seq-cst store, or a seq-cst operation reads a value from a release store).
If you don't mix operations in this manner, then you're not affected (i.e. can treat simply happens before
and strongly happens before
as equivalent).
The gist of the change is that the synchronization between a seq-cst operation and the corresponding acquire/release operation no longer affects the position of this specific seq-cst operation in the global seq-cst order, but the synchronization itself is still there.
This makes the seq-cst order for such seq-cst operations very moot, see below.
The proposal presents following example, and I'll try to explain my understanding of it:
QUESTION
In the documentation for Ord
, it says
Implementations must be consistent with the PartialOrd implementation [...]
That of course makes sense and can easily be archived as in the example further down:
...ANSWER
Answered 2021-Dec-26 at 00:40Apparently, there is a reference to that, in a github issue - rust-lang/rust#63104:
This conflicts with the existing blanket impl in core.
QUESTION
I'm using godbolt to get assembly of the following program:
...ANSWER
Answered 2021-Dec-13 at 06:33You can see the cost of instructions on most mainstream architecture here and there. Based on that and assuming you use for example an Intel Skylake processor, you can see that one 32-bit imul
instruction can be computed per cycle but with a latency of 3 cycles. In the optimized code, 2 lea
instructions (which are very cheap) can be executed per cycle with a 1 cycle latency. The same thing apply for the sal
instruction (2 per cycle and 1 cycle of latency).
This means that the optimized version can be executed with only 2 cycle of latency while the first one takes 3 cycle of latency (not taking into account load/store instructions that are the same). Moreover, the second version can be better pipelined since the two instructions can be executed for two different input data in parallel thanks to a superscalar out-of-order execution. Note that two loads can be executed in parallel too although only one store can be executed in parallel per cycle. This means that the execution is bounded by the throughput of store instructions. Overall, only 1 value can only computed per cycle. AFAIK, recent Intel Icelake processors can do two stores in parallel like new AMD Ryzen processors. The second one is expected to be as fast or possibly faster on the chosen use-case (Intel Skylake processors). It should be significantly faster on very recent x86-64 processors.
Note that the lea
instruction is very fast because the multiply-add is done on a dedicated CPU unit (hard-wired shifters) and it only supports some specific constant for the multiplication (supported factors are 1, 2, 4 and 8, which mean that lea can be used to multiply an integer by the constants 2, 3, 4, 5, 8 and 9). This is why lea
is faster than imul
/mul
.
I can reproduce the slower execution with -O2
using GCC 11.2 (on Linux with a i5-9600KF processor).
The main source of source of slowdown comes from the higher number of micro-operations (uops) to be executed in the -O2
version certainly combined with the saturation of some execution ports certainly due to a bad micro-operation scheduling.
Here is the assembly of the loop with -Os
:
QUESTION
ANSWER
Answered 2021-Nov-18 at 00:03One option to achieve your desired result would be to use stat="bin"
in geom_text
too. Additionally we have to group
by year so that each year is a separate "block". The tricky part is to get the year labels for which I make use of after_stat
. However, as the group
s are stored internally as an integer sequence we have them back to the corresponding years for which I make use of a helper vector.
QUESTION
I am trying to build an SVG something similar to:
The strokes are completely dynamic, as they come from an API. I want to place the strokes at the points received (as array of percentage values). Need not be in order and the distance between 2 strokes need not be equal
I am trying with something like below but not able to come up with a logic for the placement of strokes. I tried to follow the answer here: https://stackoverflow.com/a/66076805/6456247 but the distance between strokes here are equal. In my scenario, they are not consistent.
Fiddle Link: https://jsfiddle.net/puq8v594/2/
...ANSWER
Answered 2021-Nov-07 at 16:22It might be easier to do this as just an arc path with a pathLength set to 100 (or almost 100).
QUESTION
In Google Sheet IMPORTRANGE function for single column in rage
=IMPORTRANGE("https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1-bCoiKLjBlM5IGRo9wrdm", "sheet1!B:B")
I get
"Import Range internal error."
But for
=IMPORTRANGE("https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1-bCoiKLjBlM5IGRo9wrdm", "sheet1!B:C")
, it works.
Is it a bug? up to now, it was the third time that I had to change them many times? Is there any consistent solution for it? I use this solution as temporary
...ANSWER
Answered 2021-Nov-03 at 15:06These errors are usually temporary and go away in a few hours. To expedite that, modify your import formula slightly by replacing "Sheet1!B1:B"
with "Sheet1!B:b"
— the small letter case change is enough to let the call duck Google's cache and get fresh results, which should let you work around the issue.
To automate that to an extent, use this pattern:
=iferror( importrange("...", "Sheet1!B1:B"), importrange("...", "Sheet1!B:b") )
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