frisky | Open Source GraphQL API for Online Shows | GraphQL library

Your first code returns a copy of Frisky from myFunction, that is where the additional copy comes from.

Your second code doesn't work because your copy constructor erroneously takes a non-const reference and you can't pass the temporary value returned from myFunction to a non-const reference.

Not directly related to your question but you should obey the rule of three and implement the assignment operator too.

You have a misconception in steps 2 and 3 in both descriptions.

The actual order is:

• return Frisky is executed which returns a copy of (code 1) or reference to (code 2) the local variable.
• The function ends and all local variables are destroyed. This does not affect the return value in code 1.
• Mani is initialized with a still-existing copy of (code 1) or a reference to a non-existing (code 2) Cat instance.

itsage is a subobject of Cat which means it is part of the the Cat object itself. Therefore, it exists as part of the heap-allocated Cat object. new Cat creates the Cat object and any subobjects, all within the same allocation.

If it were a pointer, this would still be true. The pointer value would be part of the Cat object, but it could point to an int somewhere else.

Note that the C++ standard doesn't use the terms "stack" and "heap." Function local variables (non-static) have automatic storage duration and objects created with new T have dynamic storage duration. Under the hood, values with these storage durations are typically implemented using the stack and heap respectively, but a conforming implementation is not required to use stack or heap structures.

But in the second code, I nowhere assigned any memory address to pointer itsage. But still code worked fine. I am little confused here.

That's a fair doubt. In fact, your 2nd code should never work, as no memory had ever been allocated to itsage. If it still somehow "worked" for you then it is still a typical undefined behaviour.

You should still allocate the memory before usage as usual, and free it in the constructor. As your class doesn't even have a destructor, perhaps you should choose unique_ptr instead:

The keyboard goes down because TextInput is unmounted in every rendering.

TextInput is inside the RenderComponent function, and it is inside Coba, which means that in every rendering, a new RenderComponent function is created, and the old RenderComponent function is thus unmounted.

To solve the problem, create RenderComponent function outside of Coba, and pass all necessary data as props. snack expo