Sparrow | Cloud Forensics team to help detect | Command Line Interface library
kandi X-RAY | Sparrow Summary
kandi X-RAY | Sparrow Summary
Sparrow.ps1 was created by CISA's Cloud Forensics team to help detect possible compromised accounts and applications in the Azure/m365 environment. The tool is intended for use by incident responders, and focuses on the narrow scope of user and application activity endemic to identity and authentication based attacks seen recently in multiple sectors. It is neither comprehensive nor exhaustive of available data, and is intended to narrow a larger set of available investigation modules and telemetry to those specific to recent attacks on federated identity sources and applications. Sparrow.ps1 will check and install the required PowerShell modules on the analysis machine, check the unified audit log in Azure/M365 for certain indicators of compromise (IoC's), list Azure AD domains, and check Azure service principals and their Microsoft Graph API permissions to identify potential malicious activity. The tool then outputs the data into multiple CSV files that are located in the user's default home directory in a folder called 'ExportDir' (ie: Desktop/ExportDir). For more guidance on how to use Sparrow and Aviary, please see:
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QUESTION
I have a data frame called ldat_1. I want create a new column called language
from the Condition
column.
In the new language
column, I need two factor levels called english
and malay
.
To create that language
column, using the levels of Condition
column, I want "T2" "T3" "T4" "T5" "T6"
to become english
, and "TM2" "TM3" "TM4" "TM5" "TM6"
to become malay
.
hear is my some code:
...ANSWER
Answered 2022-Mar-30 at 10:16In base R, use grepl
to detect if Condition
contains "TM"
, if so, assign "malay"
, otherwise assign "english"
. This works fine since you have only two possibilities.
QUESTION
I'm trying to use jq
to iterate over some delimited text files, and generate objects from the rows.
I also want to add some "static" objects (json
shell variable in the example below) to the generated results.
I've come up with the below solution, which does produce the output I want. But, because I'm not very confident in jq, every time I solve a problem with it, it feels like a monkey banging on a typewriter rather than a carefully crafted answer. So, I'm imaginging this could be incorrect.
data.txt
...ANSWER
Answered 2022-Mar-02 at 23:30I don't know if it's more efficient but you could shorten the code using --raw-input
or -R
without --slurp
or -s
to linewise read in a stream of raw text (no need to split by newlines), the /
operator to do the "column" splitting within a line, and reduce
to successively build up your final structure, starting with your "static" data.
QUESTION
I am writing a Java instrumentation program that uses the built-in Instrumentation API with Javassist (v3.26.0-GA) to intercept all the method calls in the target program. Also, I have implemented a REST API service inside this program using Java Spark to send requests for starting/stopping instrumentation by adding/removing transformers, and also for fetching intercepted methods during the instrumentation time.
Now, while I was trying to run WebGoat (an open source Spring Boot application) with my Java agent attached from premain, I was not able to intercept all the methods successfully and in the log, there was a NotFoundException being thrown by Javassist.
This error happened for several classes in WebGoat all had a similar common fact that they had something to do with SpringCGLIB. A few of the errors are shown below.
...ANSWER
Answered 2022-Feb-26 at 14:39From previous comments:
The unfound classes are dynamic proxies which are heavily used by the Spring Framework in order to implement AOP. Spring can use both JDK dynamic interface proxies and CGLIB proxies, the latter of which is what we are seeing here. Maybe you should simply ignore those types of classes. They are in fact created dynamically, hence the name. But they are rather a result of dynamic (sub-)class generation than of bytecode transformation.
Yes, I have considered just ignoring those dynamically generated classes, but the whole point of my application was to capture every single method invocation as a user interacts with the web application (such as clicking on a button, etc). In this case, would it be okay to ignore these types of dynamically generated classes? I want to make sure I do not miss any method calls.
As those classes are just dynamic proxies, they will either forward the calls to the original methods or call some AOP or interceptor logic first/instead. Either way, you would not miss anything essential, those proxies are more like switchboards or routers, the actual show happens somewhere else. I recommend you to simply try in a little playgrounds project with an aspect or two.
You also asked how to detect and ignore dynamic proxies by their names:
CGLIB proxies: Spring's CGLIB proxies contain substrings like
$$FastClassBySpringCGLIB$$
or$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$
, followed by 8 characters representing 4 hexadecimal bytes. You could either match with a regular expression of just keep it simple and match the substringBySpringCGLIB$$
. If non-Spring CGLIB proxies are also in use somewhere in your application, you would have to watch for other naming patterns. But probably you would get similar errors as before when not filtering them, so you would notice automatically.JDK proxies: If your Spring application also happens to use JDK proxies, you can identify them easily using JRE API call
Proxy.isProxyClass(Class)
. Thanks to Johannes Kuhn for his comment.JDK proxies (old answer): You can filter class names beginning with
$Proxy
, usually something likecom.sun.proxy.$Proxy2
(the trailing number being different). According to the JDK documentation: "The unqualified name of a proxy class is unspecified. The space of class names that begin with the string"$Proxy"
is, however, to be reserved for proxy classes." At least for Oracle and probably OpenJDK, you can match for that naming pattern. If that holds true for all JVMs, is up to you to test, if chances are that in your environments others are being used. I quickly tried with Semeru OpenJ9, and the proxy naming pattern is identical, even the package namecom.sun.proxy
. Pleasae note that in more recent JDK versions, JDK proxies will have fully qualified names likejdk.proxy2.$Proxy25
, so in e.g. Java 16 or 17 you should not rely on package namecom.sun.proxy
. Either add more cases or limit matching to the leading$Proxy
in the simple class name.
Update 2022-02-26: Because there was activity on this question, I decided to add some more information about Spring-specific tools which can determine whether an object (or a class) is an AOP proxy (class) and, more specifically, if it is a CGLIB or JDK proxy:
Take a look at tool class AopUtils
and its handy methods
isAopProxy(Object)
,isCglibProxy(Object)
,isJdkDynamicProxy(Object)
.
No more String matching, simply ask Spring.
BTW, there is also a method net.sf.cglib.proxy.Proxy.isProxyClass(Class)
directly in CGLIB, which is supposed to do the same, but within Spring it does not work, probably because Spring uses CGLIB in a non-canonical way. Because Spring embeds a package-relocated CGLIB in its core, the corresponding method org.springframework.cglib.proxy.Proxy.isProxyClass(Class)
yields the same faulty result. So if you are working within Spring, please do not use those methods, better use AopUtils
.
Here is some example code for your convenience, showing how to determine Spring AOP proxy types (JDK vs. CGLIB proxies) using AopUtils
. See also my answer here for how to configure Spring in order to use both proxy types.
BTW, instead of Javassist you could also use AspectJ for your purpose. It sounds like a pretty typical use case.
QUESTION
I am trying to insert a vertical scrollbar in a treeview such that it is displayed under the columns labels of the treeview and not besides/next to the labels. I've tried adding pady in the scrollbar widget yet that still does not place it under the columns labels (just creates an offset from the top). Any help is greatly appreciated (looking at your @Bryan Oakley). I've tried numerous padding techniques to make the vertical scrollbar start below the columns labels yet nothing has worked thus far. Here is a minimal working code:
...ANSWER
Answered 2022-Jan-27 at 04:13You can put the scrollbar at the right side of the cell of tree
:
QUESTION
I am trying to create a regex wherein IF a certain char set is found, it should not return any match but if that char set is not found then it should return the match found by the rest of the regexp. So far example:
...ANSWER
Answered 2022-Jan-09 at 01:02If you want to make sure the string does not contain <
and contains /Harry
you need to match the whole string making sure it has no <
char.
So you can use
QUESTION
I have two dataframes:
Researchers: a list of all researcher and their id_number
Samples: a list of samples and all researchers related to it, there may be several researchers in the same cell.
I want to go through every row in the researcher table and check if they occur in each row of the Table Samples. If they do I want to get: a) their id from the researcher table and the sample number from the Samples table.
Table researcher
...ANSWER
Answered 2021-Dec-30 at 20:42You have a few data cleaning job to do such as 'Moore' in lowercase, 'Haffer' with first name initials in one case and none in the other, etc. After normalizing your two dataframes, you can split
and explode
collections
and use merge
:
QUESTION
I have a select with one of the options disabled (it disables/enables dinamically while a user clicks on another fields of form, adding the "disabled" attribute with jquery):
...ANSWER
Answered 2021-Dec-11 at 20:14Try this one
QUESTION
I want to insert a new row into a table, and return the newly created auto-incremented id from that row so I can execute a second command, inserting that new id into a join table.
I've tried using solutions from other SO posts but they don't work for my case (e.g., they call for cursor.x but I'm not using "cursor").
I created a simple example for sharing my code:
SQLite schema for 3 tables:
...ANSWER
Answered 2021-Sep-22 at 15:48Your problem is that you do execute directly on the connection and not the cursor.
Docs explain how that shortcut works:
execute(sql[, parameters]) This is a nonstandard shortcut that creates a cursor object by calling the cursor() method, calls the cursor’s execute() method with the parameters given, and returns the cursor.
https://docs.python.org/3/library/sqlite3.html#sqlite3.Connection.execute
See at the end. "returns the cursor". This means we can still get the use the Cursor.lastrowsid which you tried!
So just... save the returned cursor and get lastrowid from it. :)
QUESTION
...I am making some mapping with moviedb api using innerhtml, the problem i am having is with the Main.appendChild where the appendChild is handle as a property and not as a function. I am having the same issue in the console with the entire main array and i think it might having something to do with the fact that i am declering the main object to a htmlelemnt then to a array. Btw i have given up on this project hence it wasnt worth the extra time that it took this is kinda of a filler part so excuse me pls.
ANSWER
Answered 2021-Sep-21 at 19:40You have two variables named 'main', one is the getElementById
and the other is from the forEach
loop. Change one and it should work
QUESTION
I have data recording a feature (in the example below an animal) in the column name and a frequency in the cell values. I want to recode both of these into fewer categories, so that several of the columns are grouped into categories (in the example these are 'dogs' and 'birds'), and the frequencies are recoded as follows:
If any of the original columns contain "Daily" or "Weekly" or "Monthly" → "Regularly"
else if ≥one column is "Rarely" → "Rarely"
else if ≥one column is "Never" → "Never"
It's proving tricky to work out since it's not simply averaging across the column values or taking the max value.
What I've tried so far ...ANSWER
Answered 2021-Aug-13 at 16:10Try this:
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