Zvm | A lightweight jvm written by python | Runtime Evironment library
kandi X-RAY | Zvm Summary
kandi X-RAY | Zvm Summary
一款 python 实现的 "超轻量级" jvm 的实现 (其实就是只实现了主要功能) "完美"运行各种姿势的 HelloWorld. 方法二: 直接工程导入 pycharm 运行 test.py 吧. class 文件解析 类加载 运行时数据区 指令解释器 基本指令集 (总共 205 条,实现了估计 190 多条吧) 简易 gc 简易线程 简易 jdk 库. 基本运算 (加减乘除与或位移...) 输出 多线程运算 (但是没有加同步) 类加载,继承,多态 数组操作 (只支持一维数组) gc (模拟 gc) 异常处理. 代码整理 方法分派采用 vtable interface 多维数组 native 方法 方法,变量验证 class_loader 读取 jar zip 文件. ...
Support
Quality
Security
License
Reuse
Top functions reviewed by kandi - BETA
- Invoke the invoke method
- Hack for debugging
- Get a double value
- Hack for printing
- Execute this instruction
- Returns the type of the given descriptor
- Execute clinit
- Execute the expression
- Returns True if the value at index is a top type 1
- Executes PUTFIELD
- Parse parameters
- Execute check cast
- Execute the arithmetic operation
- Read the command line
- Loads the constant pool
- Create a new reference array
- Test the local variable
- Executes a reference frame
- Populates the constant pool
- Execute the stack
- Execute the constant definition
- Invokes the method
- Executes the instruction
- Execute the given frame
- Execute the frame
- Read the operands from the code_parser
Zvm Key Features
Zvm Examples and Code Snippets
Community Discussions
Trending Discussions on Zvm
QUESTION
My understanding is that the original SMTP protocol was defined to limit transmission of characters using only 7 bits to save of transmission costs.
This protocol is almost 40 years old, and since then multiple RFCs have extended the standards.
For compatibility reasons, many if not most modern servers that are 8bit clean, perform a conversion of the message into a "7bit compatible" format, such as quoted-printable, or base64.
So technically, all the characters are 7bit ASCII.
However, the crux of my question is, even if data is encoded in a 7bit friendly way, does this mean that the physical transmission of bits between SMTP server occurs in 7bit units, or does it happen in 8bits?
My assumption is that it happens in 8bits, even if the data is encoded in ASCII. Is this correct?
Here are some relevant links I found:
<< Users send billions of 8-bit messages every year. As far as I know, all servers can handle 8-bit messages. A few years ago I was able to find a few hosts running ancient 7-bit versions of sendmail, but I don't see any now.>>
http://cr.yp.to/smtp/8bitmime.html
<< In practice, however, the body is typically encoded using all eight bits. >>
https://www.ibm.com/support/knowledgecenter/en/SSB27U_6.4.0/com.ibm.zvm.v640.kiml0/smtmlfr.htm
<< This does not cause problems in practice, since virtually all modern mail relays are 8-bit clean >>
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simple_Mail_Transfer_Protocol#8BITMIME
Update
The refinement of my question should be stated as: Do SMTP servers today still clear the high bit, and encode the 7bit ASCII using only the lower seven bits, or do they actually use the full octet, giving signinficance to the MSB?
...ANSWER
Answered 2020-Oct-17 at 12:47I think what you are asking is: "Do SMTP clients shift bits when sending messages to an SMTP server such that each character only uses 7 bits and the 8th bit is the start of the next character?"
If so, no. That has never been the case.
Since the very beginning, SMTP clients/servers have always used all 8 bits per character.
In other words, SMTP clients and servers used the ASCII character encoding which does not include accented characters that are found in 8bit character encodings such as ISO-8859-1. Characters with a value above 127 in the ASCII encoding are treated as undefined.
There are likely a number of reasons for this:
- ASCII is simple to support
- Every locale had their own preferred extended character encoding that was not compatible with other locales - some of which required more than a single byte to represent a character.
- I'm not sure if UTF-8 existed yet (but multibyte unicode did, I think - e.g. UCS2 / UTF-16)
- It was difficult and unrealistic to expect so much software to implement character set conversion between all of the widely used character sets (unicode and charset conversion libraries were not as widely available at the time)
- The "MESSAGE" specification that preceded MIME, SMTP, etc. was written for the US "internet" and likely didn't need anything outside of ASCII (hence why the original message specifications e.g. rfc0822 and earlier did not define encoding mechanisms).
Community Discussions, Code Snippets contain sources that include Stack Exchange Network
Vulnerabilities
No vulnerabilities reported
Install Zvm
You can use Zvm like any standard Python library. You will need to make sure that you have a development environment consisting of a Python distribution including header files, a compiler, pip, and git installed. Make sure that your pip, setuptools, and wheel are up to date. When using pip it is generally recommended to install packages in a virtual environment to avoid changes to the system.
Support
Reuse Trending Solutions
Find, review, and download reusable Libraries, Code Snippets, Cloud APIs from over 650 million Knowledge Items
Find more librariesStay Updated
Subscribe to our newsletter for trending solutions and developer bootcamps
Share this Page