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QUESTION
I think I understand CORS pretty well, but I'm still a bit puzzled about the browser's behavior when it comes to the preflight requests.
Let's say the browser issues this preflight request:
...ANSWER
Answered 2022-Mar-21 at 11:28No, the browser doesn't require the server to explicitly allow the POST method, because the latter, as a so-called CORS-safelisted method, gets a free pass.
The answer, as always, lies in the Fetch standard (section 4.8), which specifies how CORS works:
- Let methods be the result of extracting header list values given
Access-Control-Allow-Methodsand response’s header list.
And further down:
- If request’s method is not in methods, request’s method is not a CORS-safelisted method, and request’s credentials mode is
"include"or methods does not contain*, then return a network error.
(my emphasis)
What is a CORS-safelisted method? The term is defined in section 2.2.1:
ConclusionA CORS-safelisted method is a method that is
GET,HEAD, orPOST.
If the method of the CORS request is one of GET, HEAD, or POST, the browser doesn't require the server to explicitly list that method in the Access-Control-Allow-Methods header for CORS preflight to succeed.
I've found Jake Archibald's CORS playground useful for testing my (mis)understanding of CORS. Running this particular instance in your browser may convince you that the POST method doesn't need to be explicitly allowed for CORS preflight to succeed.
QUESTION
I have some react code that is rendering content dynamically via React.createElement. As such, css is applied via an object. Elements in that dynamic generation can have background image, pointing to a public aws S3 bucket.
It seems that every time my components re-render, the background images are being fetched again from S3. This is delaying the page render. I have S3 meta-data for Cache-Control set on all the objects . Here are request and response headers for background image load -
Response header -
...ANSWER
Answered 2022-Feb-23 at 20:53The reason you're seeing a network request is probably because you're using the Cache-Control: no-cache header in your request.
As seen here:
The no-cache response directive indicates that the response can be stored in caches, but the response must be validated with the origin server before each reuse, even when the cache is disconnected from the origin server.
Cache-Control: no-cache
If you want caches to always check for content updates while reusing stored content, no-cache is the directive to use. It does this by requiring caches to revalidate each request with the origin server.
Note that no-cache does not mean "don't cache". no-cache allows caches to store a response but requires them to revalidate it before reuse. If the sense of "don't cache" that you want is actually "don't store", then no-store is the directive to use.
See here: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Cache-Control#response_directives
Here is what a full request for a cached asset looks like on my network tab, when the asset returns 304 Not Modified from the validation request. (from S3) This is in a background: url context.
QUESTION
I have one old Azure Functions project (v3). It contains several timer triggered functions. They stopped working on VS2022. You can see the logs below. If I create a new Functions project via VS2022, it will work fine. Looks like Azurite also starts up fine. Setting "AzureWebJobsStorage" equals "UseDevelopmentStorage=true". What can I do?
...ANSWER
Answered 2022-Jan-06 at 12:33Created the Azure Functions v3 Project in Visual Studio 2019 along with the azurite extension to the project and running locally:
Same Code opened in VS 2022 and run the function locally:
As given in the Microsoft Documentation, Azurite is automatically available with the VS 2022.
When you open the Azure Functions v3 project (earlier created in VS 2019) in VS 2022 now, it might show this messages in the output dialog box after loading the dependencies:
Still, the Azure Storage Emulator is required to run any azure functions project in the Windows, it needs to be installed in the system.
Make sure the Azure Storage Emulator is installed and the azurite is a future storage emulator platform included with VS 2022. If you're using earlier Visual Studio, you'll need to install Azurite by using either Node Package Manager, DockerHub, or by cloning the Azurite github repository given in the following documentation.
QUESTION
I fail to enable the CORS for testing with the latest NestJS 8.0.6 and a fresh http + ws project. That said, I want to see the Access-Control-Allow-Origin in the servers response (so that the client would accept it). Here is my main.ts where I've tried 3 approches: 1) with options, 2) with a method, 3) with app.use. None of them works.
ANSWER
Answered 2021-Sep-20 at 20:29The enableCors and { cors: true } options are for the HTTP server (express or fastify). The URL given showing the CORS error came from a socket.io connection. To enable CORS for socket.io you need to use the options in the @WebsocketGateway() decorator, like
QUESTION
Is there a way of getting curl (command line tool) to keep a http connection open? I am trying to test/debug a server application, which has a client that opens a http connection, makes a PUT request and leaves it open until some further action, and have been trying to use curl to simulate this.
However, according to the curl website:
The curl command-line tool can, however, only keep connections alive for as long as it runs, so as soon as it exits back to your command line it has to close down all currently open connections.
That much is fine, but is there a way of forcing it not to exit back to the command line (until I press any key or Ctrl-C or whatever it prefers), and therefore hold the connection open while I do the testing?
I have tried the "Connection: keep-alive" header but this doesn't do the trick, the process still ends as soon as it's made the request, and the connection is closed.
If not, is there an alternative tool that can do this?
...ANSWER
Answered 2022-Jan-31 at 12:28You can "trick" curl to keep the connection open. For example like this:
- Fire up
ncto listen to a local port, say 8080 (nc -l -p 8080on some versions of nc) - Run curl to get the resource you want, then add "localhost:8080" as a second URL on the same command line
This will make curl hold the first connection in its pool when it gets the second URL, and you make that second transfer just hang "indefinitely" which will make curl just leave the first connection open and alive until you control-c that or your nc process.
QUESTION
Client (nuxt) is up on http://localhost:3000 and the client sends
requests to http://localhost:8080.
Server (django) is running on 0.0.0.0:50051.
Also docker is up
ANSWER
Answered 2021-Dec-20 at 15:29I needed a proxy to receive requests from the server. So I used envoy proxy. In this way, nginx received the request from the browser and then sent it to a port (for example 5000). On the other hand, envoy listens to port 5000 and then sends the request to the server running on port 50051.
This is how I designed the tracking of a gRPC connection.
QUESTION
I'm trying to send a GET request to the Binance API. But I'm getting this output in my terminal instead of the data:
...ANSWER
Answered 2021-Dec-24 at 04:49The Response that you're printing is basically just the initial HTTP info (e.g. status and headers). You'll need to wait for the payload as well using methods depending on what you're expecting:
bytes/bytes_stream/chunkto get the raw datatext/text_with_charsetto get the data as a stringjsonto deserialize the data into a structured type (see the docs forserde_jsonfor more info)
In this case it looks like you're getting a JSON payload so using .json() into a deserializable type sounds like the right way to go, but if your only goal is to print it then .text() is probably the simpler approach.
QUESTION
I have an application running on my local machine that uses React -> gRPC-Web -> Envoy -> Go app and everything runs with no problems. I'm trying to deploy this using GKE Autopilot and I just haven't been able to get the configuration right. I'm new to all of GCP/GKE, so I'm looking for help to figure out where I'm going wrong.
I was following this doc initially, even though I only have one gRPC service: https://cloud.google.com/architecture/exposing-grpc-services-on-gke-using-envoy-proxy
From what I've read, GKE Autopilot mode requires using External HTTP(s) load balancing instead of Network Load Balancing as described in the above solution, so I've been trying to get that to work. After a variety of attempts, my current strategy has an Ingress, BackendConfig, Service, and Deployment. The deployment has three containers: my app, an Envoy sidecar to transform the gRPC-Web requests and responses, and a cloud SQL proxy sidecar. I eventually want to be using TLS, but for now, I left that out so it wouldn't complicate things even more.
When I apply all of the configs, the backend service shows one backend in one zone and the health check fails. The health check is set for port 8080 and path /healthz which is what I think I've specified in the deployment config, but I'm suspicious because when I look at the details for the envoy-sidecar container, it shows the Readiness probe as: http-get HTTP://:0/healthz headers=x-envoy-livenessprobe:healthz. Does ":0" just mean it's using the default address and port for the container, or does indicate a config problem?
I've been reading various docs and just haven't been able to piece it all together. Is there an example somewhere that shows how this can be done? I've been searching and haven't found one.
My current configs are:
...ANSWER
Answered 2021-Oct-14 at 22:35Here is some documentation about Setting up HTTP(S) Load Balancing with Ingress. This tutorial shows how to run a web application behind an external HTTP(S) load balancer by configuring the Ingress resource.
Related to Creating a HTTP Load Balancer on GKE using Ingress, I found two threads where instances created are marked as unhealthy.
In the first one, they mention the necessity to manually enable a firewall rule to allow http load balancer ip range to pass health check.
In the second one, they mention that the Pod’s spec must also include containerPort. Example:
QUESTION
I have an issue that I can't wrap my head around. I have an API service built using FastAPI, and when I try to call any endpoint from another Python script on my local machine, the response takes 2+ seconds. When I send the same request through cURL or the built-in Swagger docs, the response is nearly instant.
The entire server script is this:
...ANSWER
Answered 2021-Nov-27 at 22:15Try using „127.0.0.1“ instead of „localhost“ to refer to your machine. I once had a similar issue, where the DNS lookup for localhost on windows was taking half a second or longer. I don‘t have an explanation for that behaviour, but at least one other person on SO seems to have struggled with it as well…
QUESTION
For my research I need to cURL the fqdns and get their status codes. (For Http, Https services) But some http urls open as https although it returns 200 with cURL. (successful request, no redirect)
...ANSWER
Answered 2021-Nov-25 at 07:41curl -w '%{response_code}\n' -so /dev/null $URL
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You can use keep-alive like any standard Python library. You will need to make sure that you have a development environment consisting of a Python distribution including header files, a compiler, pip, and git installed. Make sure that your pip, setuptools, and wheel are up to date. When using pip it is generally recommended to install packages in a virtual environment to avoid changes to the system.
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