ooc | Object-Oriented Programming With ANSI-C | Functional Programming library
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QUESTION
I am trying to understand the example in Chapter 2 of the online book, Object-Oriented Programming with ANSI-C. I think that I understand it, except for one thing: assigning a value to a block of memory that hasn't been type-cast. Let me explain:
There is a struct
with two members:
ANSWER
Answered 2021-Apr-16 at 18:56* (const struct Class **) p = String;
is not simply an instruction to “insert a pointer into the block”. After the cast (const struct Class **)
converts the value of p
to a pointer to a const struct Class *
, the *
operator says “Make this converted pointer into an lvalue for an object at that address.”
Thus, * (const struct Class **) p
is a reference to a const struct Class *
at that address. It is as if you had defined an object with const struct Class *x;
and then used the name x
in source code like x = String;
: The x
is a reference to the object, and x = String;
sets the value of that object. Similarly, * (const struct Class **) p
is a reference to an unnamed object at p
, and * (const struct Class **) p = String;
sets the value of that object.
It is at the beginning of the allocated memory because that is where p
points.
Upon reviewing the C standard, it does not explicitly say that converting the void *
returned from malloc
to another type, such as const struct Class **
, produces a pointer to an object starting at the same place as the memory allocated by malloc
. However, this is understood. Whenever we convert a foo *
to bar *
, if the conversion is defined and produces a pointer usable for accessing an object (obeys the relevant alignment and aliasing rules), then the bar
object starts in the same place as the foo
object, or, in the case of void *
, the same starting place that the void *
points to.
For one particular case, when a pointer to converted to a pointer to character type, the C standard says the result is a pointer to the first byte of the object. So we know that converting malloc
’s return value to char *
would yield a pointer to the start of the space. I do not see that the standard says this explicitly for other types, but it is understood to be the intent.
So * (const struct Class **) p = String;
puts the value of String
at the start of memory pointed to by p
.
QUESTION
I am reading the online book Object-Oriented Programming with ANSCI-C
Page 6 shows an implementation of a set
. There is an add()
function that takes two parameters: a set
and an element
. The element
is added to the set
. The implementation uses an array of pointers:
ANSWER
Answered 2021-Mar-22 at 22:30It appears that the right-hand side is subtracting pointers, is that right?
Yes
Is that common to subtract pointers?
Yes
On the left-hand side it appears that (int *) is casting element to a "pointer to an int", is that right?
Yes. The reason to do that is to override the const
qualifier. This is a VERY dangerous thing to do.
The star at the beginning appears to indicate "the value of the thing being pointed at", is that right?
Yes
QUESTION
Using boost::interprocess message queue, I ran into a problem with removing the queue, was hoping someone could provide an explanation for the behavior, or correct my misunderstanding.
I'm on a Linux RHEL7 box. I have two processes, one that creates and feeds the queue, and the other one that opens the message queue and reads from it. For clarity, the initial process is started first, before the second process that does the reading/removing msgs from queue.
The one that creates, is create_only_t
. I want it to fail if it already exists. The creation of the first queue always fails however. The specific exception it throws is File exists
.
When switched to an open_or_create_t
queue, it works fine. I took this information as I wasn't cleaning it up properly, so I made sure I was trying to remove the queue before I tried to create it, as well as after the process finished sending all messages.
I would log if the remove was successful. One of my assumptions is that if the remove returns true it means it successfully removed the queue.
The boost docs for remove
reads: "Removes the message queue from the system. Returns false on error.", I wasn't sure if maybe a true just means that it had a successful 'attempt' at removing it. Upon further looking at another Boost Inprocess pdf it explains:
The remove operation might fail returning false if the shared memory does not exist, the file is open or the file is still memory mapped by other processes
Either case, I feel like one would expect the queue to be removed if it always returns true, which is currently my case. Still when trying to do a 'create_t' message queue it will continue to fail, but 'open_or_create_t' still works.
I had a hard time understanding the behavior, so I also tried to remove the message queue twice in a row before trying to initialize a create_t
queue to see if the second one would fail/return false, however both returned true (which was not what I expected based on what the documentation said). The first remove should it be successful means the second one should fail as there should no longer be a message queue that exists anymore.
I've attached a snippet of my create process code. And I'll note, that this error happens without the "open process" being run.
Maybe I'm missing something obvious, thank you in advance.
...ANSWER
Answered 2021-Jan-16 at 15:07It worked for me.
Then it dawned on me. You're probably using namespace
. Don't. For this reason:
QUESTION
Trying this now for a while and I have lost my knowledge...
How can I match any string pattern "OOC"? Starting or ending with a space or non-alphanumerical charachter?
...ANSWER
Answered 2020-Sep-04 at 13:46Use this:
QUESTION
I have a data.csv file as:
...ANSWER
Answered 2020-Apr-30 at 18:20If we use [
without any ,
, then it would be still a data.frame
with a single column (assuming the original dataset is data.frame
. Better option is [[
to extract as a vector and the measure
argument expects a vector
. It is also better to wrap with unique
(in case there are duplicates)
QUESTION
I am a newbie at programming and molecular dynamic simulations. I am using LAMMPS to simulate a physical vapor deposition (PVD) process and to determine the interactions between atoms in different timesteps.
After I perform a molecular dynamics simulation, LAMMPS provides me an output bonds file that contains records of every individual atom( as atom ID), their types (numbers reciprocating to particular elements), and information of other atoms that are bonded with those particular atoms. A typical bonds file looks like this.
I aim to sort atoms according to their types (like Group1: Oxygen-Hydrogen-Hydrogen) in three groups by considering their bonding information from bond output file and count the number of groups for each timestep. I used pandas and created a dataframe for each timestep.
...ANSWER
Answered 2020-Apr-11 at 18:13I'm not sure I understood the logic, see if this helps for 100000 trios it took 41 seconds loc, get_loc are very expansive actions, so instead put your table in a dictionary and instead of validation that everything is unique, put it in a set
QUESTION
Hello, I'm trying to debug the Java Script function that can be found in snippet below.
Function purpose:
- Add search capability in several table columns by adding a text field above each column name.
- The function is meant to filter all table rows that are not containing all user's input string in each column.
Can't figure out why my table search function is not working properly. Please run snippet below to mimic the problem.
...ANSWER
Answered 2019-Dec-21 at 16:37In some elements you don't have an
element, therefore your script will fail when doing
inputValue = inputs[j - 1].value;
since there's no such inputs[j - 1]
.
For your script to work every TH element should have an input. Either hide it (doable using the hidden
attribute or with a CSS class) or change the JS accordingly.
QUESTION
so I have a query and I'm running it on the worst case scenario and it's taking 10-12 minutes. if I remove the time check on the where query it goes down to 20-30 seconds so I was wondering how to optimize it?
I tried adding index on the conversion of the timestamp to time but it didn't really help... the rs tables (register_status) has over 70 million rows, register_date around 280k and the cp one less than 1k.
The idea of the query is getting all the results of CP grouped by status over a period of dates, included in a time range. And that's the worst case scenario, so that's the first date in the database and if the user select the whole day as time range. Query is the following:
...ANSWER
Answered 2019-Dec-04 at 22:37This might be faster with a lateral join:
QUESTION
We have SAP BO 4.2 installed in house, and I've been told that REST is not turned on. I've written several successful .Net apps using the SDK to connect to and run against our production SAP box, and now I'm trying to write a Java app to do the same, as the Java SDK exposes more (and required) functionality.
I can't seem to get my Eclipse/Java/project environment set up properly to even start coding.
Windows 10, 64-bit
Eclipse version: 2019-03 (4.11.0)
Java version:
openjdk version "12.0.2" 2019-07-16
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 12.0.2+10)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 12.0.2+10, mixed mode, sharing)
I created a new "Java EE" -> "Application Client Project".
I'm not able to get the following code to "Run As Application":
...ANSWER
Answered 2019-Aug-22 at 08:07I think you are not using the correct JRE System Library. In case of doubt its always safe to use the one that comes with the BusinessObjects client installation.
I am using SAP BusinessObjects 4.1 SP6, so for me its located here - "C:\Program Files (x86)\SAP BusinessObjects\SAP BusinessObjects Enterprise XI 4.0\win32_x86\jre". Check the corresponding location against your version and set it as default for the project in Eclipse, then try again.
QUESTION
I have added a solution to the problem in an answer below. Also the title has been updated from the old to a more fitting one, since it seems that all characters from 128 to 255 seem to be causing an issue (the extended ASCII codes, as seen here: Ascii table).
Update IIThe problem seems to have gone away after updating PHP to 7.1.30 (lower version might work as well). Worth noting is that my fix below instead caused problematic output in the newer version: Also using the helper function in the answer clearly causes problems, as it generates gibberish:
...ANSWER
Answered 2018-Jan-07 at 17:34In case anyone runs into the same issue, this function fixes the issue:
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