linear | Least Squares Regression of CSV in Golang | Machine Learning library
kandi X-RAY | linear Summary
kandi X-RAY | linear Summary
linear is a Go program to take in a csv file with data only (as numbers,) perform least squares linear regression using batch gradient descent, and return the parameter vector θ of the line of best fit. linear works for data in N dimensions. As a note – all parameter vectors will be in one more dimension then the number of features, due to a constant term such that x0=1 for θ[0].
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- Example for testing
- regression
- h computes the probability of theta .
- dj returns the dj function j
- J computes the J distance between theta and y .
- abs returns the absolute value of n .
linear Key Features
linear Examples and Code Snippets
Community Discussions
Trending Discussions on linear
QUESTION
When displaying summary_plot, the color bar does not show.
...ANSWER
Answered 2021-Dec-26 at 21:17I had the same problem as you did, and I found that the solution was to downgrade matplotlib to 3.4.3.. It appears SHAP isn't optimized for matplotlib 3.5.1 yet.
QUESTION
I'm creating a project to learn React Native. I'm using typescript on this project. I added react-navigation : To make react-navigation working, I had to do :
...ANSWER
Answered 2022-Feb-05 at 12:14The new version, of react-native-gesture-handler send warning if you use an old API version, but also if one of your package/library use it.
To disable the warning, you can ignore logs.
in your app.js / app.tsx
QUESTION
I'm going through an example in A Taste of Linear Logic.
It first introduces the standard array with the usual operations defined (page 24):
Then suggests that a linear equivalent (using a linear logic for type signatures to restrict array copying) would have a slightly different type signature:
This is designed with the idea that array contains values that are cheap to copy but that the array itself is expensive to copy and thus should be passed along from use to use as a handle.
Question: The signatures for lookup and update correspond well to the standard signatures, but how do I interpret the signature for new?
In particular:
- The function new does not seem to return an array. How can I get an array to use if one is not provided?
- I think I do understand that
Arr –o Arr x X
is not derivable using linear logic and therefore a function to extract individual values without consuming the array is needed, but I don't understand why new doesn't provide that function directly
ANSWER
Answered 2022-Feb-28 at 10:13In practical terms, this is about garbage collection.
Linear logic avoids making copies as well as leaving unused values lying around. So when you create an array with new
, you also need to make sure it's eventually cleaned up again.
How can you make sure it is cleaned up? Well, in this example they do it by not giving back the array as the result, but instead “lending” it to the caller. The function Arr ⊸ Arr ⊗ X must give an array back in the end, in addition to the result you're actually interested in. It's assumed that this will be a modified form of the array you started out with. Only the X is passed back to the caller, the Arr is deallocated.
QUESTION
It was working fine before I have done nothing, no packages update, no gradle update no nothing just created new build and this error occurs. but for some team members the error occur after gradle sync.
The issue is that build is generating successfully without any error but when opens the app it suddenly gets crash (in both debug and release mode)
Error
...ANSWER
Answered 2022-Feb-25 at 23:22We have fixed the issue by replacing
QUESTION
I have a very simple snippet:
...ANSWER
Answered 2022-Jan-28 at 18:58Use pure
from Control.Functor.Linear instead, as well as the IO
from System.IO.Linear, because contents of Prelude
are simply not declared as linear.
Note that this even simpler example does not compile too:
QUESTION
I've got data with time (seconds) on the x axis and intensity (in relative fluorescent units, or rfu) on the y-axis. It's generated by watching fragments of DNA pass a camera - the bigger the DNA fragment the bigger the time. There are 23 fragments of known size (in DNA base pair units, bp), and therefore there should be 23 peaks. As I know the size of the DNA fragments in bp, I want to recalibrate the x-axis from time (seconds) to base pairs (bp) using a linear model.
Unfortunately there is quite a lot of noise in the data that produces spurious peaks. The only way to confidently tell the true ones from the false ones is that the false ones don't fit the expected pattern in DNA base pairs.
I've provided data from one sample at this link in a data frame called demo. Unfortunately it's too large to paste below.
https://1drv.ms/t/s!AvBi5ipmBYfrhf0v_kvWuN2foLyBgg?e=RWfdXZ
I can pick out all the peaks as follows.
...ANSWER
Answered 2022-Jan-04 at 18:39Before plotting, doing some data manipulation to pull out the maximum value for each of the 23 DNA fragment groups with base R max
function, and adding the max plot with additional geom_ layer for the max values.
Here is small reprex example that plots the max value for each group with "red".
QUESTION
I am trying to create an std::set
of pointers to data members. However, I can't find a method to sort or hash such pointers.
They can't be compared with operator<
, they don't seem to be supported by std::less
and there is no standard integer type that is guaranteed to hold their representation (they might not fit in std::uintptr_t
).
This is what I tried first (https://godbolt.org/z/K8ajn3rM8) :
...ANSWER
Answered 2022-Jan-06 at 16:08Compare them bytewise, e.g. using this comparator:
QUESTION
I want to generate a toy example to illustrate a convex piecewise linear function in python
, but I couldn't figure out the best way to do this. What I want to do is to indicate the number of lines and generate the function randomly.
A convex piecewise-linear function is defined as:
For instance, if I want to have four linear lines, then I want to generate something as shown below.
Since there are four lines. I need to generate four increasing random integers to determine the intervals in x-axis.
...ANSWER
Answered 2021-Dec-26 at 20:09make sure the gradient (=dx/dy) is increasing. Pseudocode:
QUESTION
To be able to see through to the other side what I want to do is make the circle area transparent so you are able to see through to the background image.
How would this be done?
Is there a way to do that?
https://jsfiddle.net/r95sy2fw/
This image is what I am trying to replicate in the code.
How do I make it transparent like that?
The snippet I provided currently looks like this:
...ANSWER
Answered 2021-Nov-30 at 02:35You need add a transparent hole in .curtain class:
QUESTION
I am trying to find a more efficient solution to a combinatorics problem than the solution I have already found.
Suppose I have a set of N objects (indexed 0..N-1) and wish to consider each subset of size K (0<=K<=N). There are S=C(N,K) (i.e., "N choose K") such subsets. I wish to map (or "encode") each such subset to a unique integer in the range 0..S-1.
Using N=7 (i.e., indexes are 0..6) and K=4 (S=35) as an example, the following mapping is the goal:
0 1 2 3 --> 0
0 1 2 4 --> 1
...
2 4 5 6 --> 33
3 4 5 6 --> 34
N and K were chosen small for the purposes of illustration. However, in my actual application, C(N,K) is far too large to obtain these mappings from a lookup table. They must be computed on-the-fly.
In the code that follows, combinations_table
is a pre-computed two-dimensional array for fast lookup of C(N,K) values.
All code given is compliant with the C++14 standard.
If the objects in a subset are ordered by increasing order of their indexes, the following code will compute that subset's encoding:
...ANSWER
Answered 2021-Oct-21 at 02:18Take a look at the recursive formula for combinations:
Suppose you have a combination space C(n,k)
. You can divide that space into two subspaces:
C(n-1,k-1)
all combinations, where the first element of the original set (of lengthn
) is presentC(n-1, k)
where first element is not preset
If you have an index X that corresponds to a combination from C(n,k)
, you can identify whether the first element of your original set belongs to the subset (which corresponds to X
), if you check whether X
belongs to either subspace:
X < C(n-1, k-1)
: belongsX >= C(n-1, k-1)
: doesn't belong
Then you can recursively apply the same approach for C(n-1, ...)
and so on, until you've found the answer for all n
elements of the original set.
Python code to illustrate this approach:
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