diaeresis | A lightweight JavaScript | Frontend Framework library

I try to compare two directories synced by synching. I do this using the following:

I've upgraded my Ubuntu laptop (Dell XPS-13) from the factory installed version 16 all the way to 19.04. I've dealt with a few issues, but currently my only problem seems to be a few keyboard shortcuts going nuts.

For example, I can no longer comment out code on my IDEs, both IntelliJ and VSCode.

The shortcut is normally Ctrl+/, but now when I enter this, IntelliJ folds the code around where the cursor is, VSCode zooms out (everthing gets small).

Another shortcode that's broken is Ctrl+], which is supposed to navigate forward in IntelliJ, but now doesn't seem to do anything at all, even though Ctrl+[ still works and is the "opposite" shortcut, i.e. it navigates back instead of forward. However, both shortcuts actually seem to work on Firefox!

So, there's some evidence that the problem is not Java-specific, as VSCode, which is Electron based, is also suffering from at least one broken shortcut... but one of the broken shortcuts in IntelliJ seems to work fine on FireFox, which is very confusing.

In any case, I found a small keyboard logger Java app here and this is what it shows when I enter Ctrl+/:

I want to list the services running on the local Windows machine. For that, I am using this code:

I query The Plant List website (http://www.theplantlist.org) from R, but this does not work if there is a diaeresis (ë) in the plant name. Usually, searching for a plant species name, e.g. "Vaccinium acosta", correctly leads to the individual species page (in R and in Firefox) with the URL "http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/search?q=vaccinium+acosta".

How can I query the species page for "Vaccinium borneënse" using the species name in the URL (not the--unknown--record ID as in http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/tro-50262461)? Is this even possible for this website?

I tried, among others, the following, but they all lead to the overview page for the genus Vaccinium (containing many different species):

I'm converting multilingual strings to html. I have to use html entities using their keyword representation not decimal or hex. I currently use following implementation I just wonder if ASP.NET does have a on-board library which I can use.

I have xml file that has non standard characters and I would like to transform those to windows 1252 encoding like so &#nnn I don't understand XSLT well but I have tried this any help please here is the XML and the XSLT

I have a legacy app in Perl processing XML encoded in UTF-8 most likely and which needs to store some data of that XML in some database, which uses windows-1252 for historical reasons. Yes, this setup can't support all possible characters of the Unicode standard, but in practice I don't need to anyway and can try to be reasonable compatible.

The specific problem currently is a file containing LATIN SMALL LETTER U, COMBINING DIAERESIS (U+0075 U+0308), which makes Perl break the existing encoding of the Unicode string to windows-1252 with the following exception:

"\x{0308}" does not map to cp1252

I was able to work around that problem using Unicode::Normalize::NFKC, which creates the character U+00FC (ü), which perfectly fine maps to windows-1252. That lead to some other problem of course, e.g. in case of the character VULGAR FRACTION ONE HALF (½, U+00BD), because NFKC creates DIGIT ONE, FRACTION SLASH, DIGIT TWO (1/2, U+0031 U+2044 U+0032) for that and Perl dies again:

"\x{2044}" does not map to cp1252

According to normalization rules, this is perfectly fine for NFKC. I used that because I thought it would give me the most compatible result, but that was wrong. Using NFC instead fixed both problems, as both characters provide a normalization compatible with windows-1252 in that case.

This approach gets additionally problematic for characters for which a normalization compatible with windows-1252 is available in general, only different from NFC. One example is LATIN SMALL LIGATURE FI (fi, U+FB01). According to it's normalization rules, it's representation after NFC is incompatible with windows-1252, while using NFKC this time results in two characters compatible with windows-1252: fi (U+0066 U+0069).

My current approach is to simply try encoding as windows-1252 as is, if that fails I'm using NFC and try again, if that fails I'm using NFKC and try again and if that fails I'm giving up for now. This works in the cases I'm currently dealing with, but obviously fails if all three characters of my examples above are present in a string at the same time. There's always one character then which results in windows-1252-incompatible output, regardless the order of NFC and NFKC. The only question is which character breaks when.

BUT the important point is that each character by itself could be normalized to something being compatible with windows-1252. It only seems that there's no one-shot-solution.

So, is there some API I'm missing, which already converts in the most backwards compatible way?

If not, what's the approach I would need to implement myself to support all the above characters within one string?

Sounds like I would need to process each string Unicode-character by Unicode-character, normalize individually with what is most compatible with windows-1252 and than concatenate the results again. Is there some incremental Unicode-character parser available which deals with combining characters and stuff already? Does a simple Unicode-character based regular expression handles this already?

Unicode::Normalize provides additional functions to work on partial strings and such, but I must admit that I currently don't fully understand their purpose. The examples focus on concatenation as well, but from my understanding I first need some parsing to be able to normalize individual characters differently.