pyGAM | Generalized Additive Models in Python | Machine Learning library

 by   dswah Python Version: 0.8.0 License: Apache-2.0

kandi X-RAY | pyGAM Summary

kandi X-RAY | pyGAM Summary

pyGAM is a Python library typically used in Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning applications. pyGAM has no vulnerabilities, it has a Permissive License and it has medium support. However pyGAM has 3 bugs and it build file is not available. You can install using 'pip install pyGAM' or download it from GitHub, PyPI.

Generalized Additive Models (GAMs) are smooth semi-parametric models of the form:. where X.T = [X_1, X_2, ..., X_p] are independent variables, y is the dependent variable, and g() is the link function that relates our predictor variables to the expected value of the dependent variable. The feature functions f_i() are built using penalized B splines, which allow us to automatically model non-linear relationships without having to manually try out many different transformations on each variable. GAMs extend generalized linear models by allowing non-linear functions of features while maintaining additivity. Since the model is additive, it is easy to examine the effect of each X_i on Y individually while holding all other predictors constant. The result is a very flexible model, where it is easy to incorporate prior knowledge and control overfitting.
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            kandi-support Support

              pyGAM has a medium active ecosystem.
              It has 766 star(s) with 139 fork(s). There are 32 watchers for this library.
              OutlinedDot
              It had no major release in the last 12 months.
              There are 87 open issues and 157 have been closed. On average issues are closed in 100 days. There are 21 open pull requests and 0 closed requests.
              It has a neutral sentiment in the developer community.
              The latest version of pyGAM is 0.8.0

            kandi-Quality Quality

              pyGAM has 3 bugs (0 blocker, 0 critical, 3 major, 0 minor) and 303 code smells.

            kandi-Security Security

              pyGAM has no vulnerabilities reported, and its dependent libraries have no vulnerabilities reported.
              pyGAM code analysis shows 0 unresolved vulnerabilities.
              There are 0 security hotspots that need review.

            kandi-License License

              pyGAM is licensed under the Apache-2.0 License. This license is Permissive.
              Permissive licenses have the least restrictions, and you can use them in most projects.

            kandi-Reuse Reuse

              pyGAM releases are available to install and integrate.
              Deployable package is available in PyPI.
              pyGAM has no build file. You will be need to create the build yourself to build the component from source.
              Installation instructions, examples and code snippets are available.
              pyGAM saves you 1799 person hours of effort in developing the same functionality from scratch.
              It has 3976 lines of code, 442 functions and 25 files.
              It has high code complexity. Code complexity directly impacts maintainability of the code.

            Top functions reviewed by kandi - BETA

            kandi has reviewed pyGAM and discovered the below as its top functions. This is intended to give you an instant insight into pyGAM implemented functionality, and help decide if they suit your requirements.
            • Perform grid search
            • Check if an array is valid
            • Convert exposure to weighted weights
            • Expand a 2D array into a 2D array
            • Validate arguments
            • Check if parameter is a numerical type
            • R Return the depth of the iterable
            • Validate the arguments
            • R Compute the log - likelihood of the model
            • Predicts the value of the GP
            • Compute expectiles
            • Builds the constraints for the coefficients
            • Parse marginal terms
            • Compile the term_k
            • Generate data for a linear regression
            • Compute the Poisson GAM
            • Builds the spline basis
            • R Deviance
            • Compute the edge k
            • R Deviance function
            • Builds the penalty matrix
            • Compile the factor term
            • Estimate the explained Deviance
            • Plots the wage data for the wage
            • Compute a Factor term
            • Plot the default data logistic regression
            Get all kandi verified functions for this library.

            pyGAM Key Features

            No Key Features are available at this moment for pyGAM.

            pyGAM Examples and Code Snippets

            No Code Snippets are available at this moment for pyGAM.

            Community Discussions

            QUESTION

            Is there a way to use class to combine these two types of code in Pygame?
            Asked 2021-Jun-15 at 19:22

            I'm trying to put buttons in a surface*(screen)* and want to include them in just one class. This is the code:

            ...

            ANSWER

            Answered 2021-Jun-15 at 19:22

            You don't need the button attribute at all. Pass the color and the rectangle to the constructor of the class. Save the color and rectangle in an attribute and use the attributes to draw the button:

            Source https://stackoverflow.com/questions/67991863

            QUESTION

            pygame.display.update(); pygame.error: video system not initialized
            Asked 2021-Jun-15 at 18:28

            Here is my underdeveloped pygame ping-pong game, but my sprites(player&opponent) ain't moving, on giving a keyboard input. And when I quit the program, it yells an error pygame.error: video system not initialized. My pygame is the latest 1.9.6 version with all the files up-to-daee. However, I am certain that pygame.display is generating this error, but I even tried pygame.display.init() and that too didn't worked :(

            ...

            ANSWER

            Answered 2021-Jun-15 at 14:57

            Here, you have two different problems :

            First the movement is not working because to differentiate the keys, you use event.type to compare where it should be event.key. Try with for example :

            Source https://stackoverflow.com/questions/67987133

            QUESTION

            Trying to write a tkinter popup with dynamic text and confirmation button
            Asked 2021-Jun-15 at 11:50

            I am trying to make a popup for messages such as "Action completed" and I want a button on it to close the popup (A simple OK which quits only the popup). It also sometimes moves behind the window which is annoying. I have some code for the button but it has an issue with the geometry of the shape since the shape isn't exactly defined as it is variable through the size of font and text length.

            ...

            ANSWER

            Answered 2021-Jun-15 at 11:50

            From my own experience wanting to achieve this, I wrote a simple tkinter code export_success.py as follows:

            Source https://stackoverflow.com/questions/67985586

            QUESTION

            How to continue a sound in Pygame?
            Asked 2021-Jun-15 at 04:42

            I have a sound that I wish to play.

            My code;

            ...

            ANSWER

            Answered 2021-Jun-15 at 04:42

            Do not stop a sound, but pause it with pygame.mixer.Channel.pause:

            Source https://stackoverflow.com/questions/67978279

            QUESTION

            how do i add a detect collision in pygame
            Asked 2021-Jun-15 at 04:41

            i found this unfinished file in my files and now i need to finish it, only problem is idk really how do i detect collision with the bullet and the player thing and/or the bullet and the enemy thing, when the bullets collide with the enemy it still dies, i just don't remember how.

            here's the code ig help thanks

            ...

            ANSWER

            Answered 2021-Jun-15 at 02:18

            Collision detection depends on your needs.

            • Bounding boxes are simple and can detect if the x, y edges of each object are not within one another. This is fine for fast moving games and things where you don't necessarily require point precision.
            • Distance vectors are also simple and perfect solution for circle collisions. They calculate the difference in distance between two objects according to a radius prescribed with the hypotenuse of distX^2 + distY^2.
            • Compound bounding objects are harder to calculate, especially for concave areas on objects of arbitrary shape. There are too many notable and novel approaches to collision detection beyond these to remark on here.

            They're also increasingly complex depending on things like variability (if they're deformable objects, if they have particle seams, etc and 2d vs 3d object collision can be vastly different worlds as well. There are tons of articles, but I'll post one with implementation here

            Source https://stackoverflow.com/questions/67978995

            QUESTION

            Why does the image flicker when displayed?
            Asked 2021-Jun-15 at 04:33

            I am making a clock in my game. After roughly 60 seconds it changes to the next number. I use the subroutine below to change the clock image when it needs to. My problem is that the images flickers when displayed, and I don't want that.

            My code;

            ...

            ANSWER

            Answered 2021-Jun-15 at 04:33

            The problem is caused by multiple calls to pygame.display.update(). An update of the display at the end of the application loop is sufficient. Multiple calls to pygame.display.update() or pygame.display.flip() cause flickering.

            Remove all calls to pygame.display.update() from your code, but call it once at the end of the application loop:

            Source https://stackoverflow.com/questions/67979509

            QUESTION

            How to have unlimited FPS and still control the FPS of your program in Pygame?
            Asked 2021-Jun-14 at 21:42

            I did some research and found this: Setting a fixed FPS in Pygame, Python 3 and this: pygame clock.tick() vs framerate in game main loop. It is similar to what I am asking.

            So the clock.tick(FPS) caps the program to run at that FPS. The reason you do this is so you can control the FPS of the program and it makes it easier for time stuff like waits.

            But how can I unlimited FPS and still control my FPS for time stuff like waits? From my understanding, this is not possible, due to the fact that clock.tick(FPS) caps the FPS and while not adding it in means unlimited FPS but you not being able to control the FPS.

            So it seems to be a question of weather to cap you FPS for control or have your program run as fast as possible, but without control.

            In conclusion, what I am asking is four questions;

            1. Pros and cons of capping your FPS
            2. Pros and cons of not capping your FPS and going on with the natural FPS of your program
            3. Is it possible to have unlimited FPS and still control my FPS for time stuff like waits?
            4. If so, how?
            ...

            ANSWER

            Answered 2021-Jun-14 at 21:42

            You have to calculate the movement per frame depending on the frame rate.

            pygame.time.Clock.tick returns the number of milliseconds since the last call. When you call it in the application loop, this is the number of milliseconds that have passed since the last frame. When you call it without a parameter (framerate=0), the FPS are unlimited.

            Define the distance in pixels that the player should move per second (move_per_second). Then compute the distance per frame in the application loop:

            Source https://stackoverflow.com/questions/67977386

            QUESTION

            How to set framerate in Pygame?
            Asked 2021-Jun-14 at 04:31

            So in response to my question (How to continuously move an image smoothly in Pygame?) I was told to set my framerate in order to do my animation. But no matter where I place it, clock.tick(60) does nothing. I do clock = pygame.time.Clock() BTW. So how do I do this? I have researched and found this (pygame clock.tick() vs framerate in game main loop) but I don't really understand this.

            My main game function;

            ...

            ANSWER

            Answered 2021-Jun-14 at 04:28

            Use pygame.time.Clock to control the frames per second and thus the game speed.

            The method tick() of a pygame.time.Clock object, delays the game in that way, that every iteration of the loop consumes the same period of time. See pygame.time.Clock.tick():

            This method should be called once per frame.

            e.g.:

            Source https://stackoverflow.com/questions/67963353

            QUESTION

            Buttons designed with PyGame won't change value of a variable
            Asked 2021-Jun-13 at 09:02

            i hope you can help, because I'm running out of knowledge. My Problem: i want to change a variable to a new value:

            ...

            ANSWER

            Answered 2021-Jun-13 at 09:02

            If you want to change a variabel in global namespace within a function, you need to use the global statement:

            Source https://stackoverflow.com/questions/67956515

            QUESTION

            Play MP3 on Linux from Python
            Asked 2021-Jun-13 at 03:04

            I just want to play a simple MP3 file on Linux directly from the Python code.

            I've looked at this and this question and tried the following libraries but all of them failed: audioplayer, Ipython.display.Audio, pydub, pygame.mixer, ossaudiodev, soundfile.

            Errors that I saw often were:

            • ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'gi'
            • Errors with ffmpeg
            ...

            ANSWER

            Answered 2021-Jun-11 at 11:03

            pyglet is the only solution I found that can play MP3 on Linux:

            Source https://stackoverflow.com/questions/67935878

            Community Discussions, Code Snippets contain sources that include Stack Exchange Network

            Vulnerabilities

            No vulnerabilities reported

            Install pyGAM

            You can install using 'pip install pyGAM' or download it from GitHub, PyPI.
            You can use pyGAM like any standard Python library. You will need to make sure that you have a development environment consisting of a Python distribution including header files, a compiler, pip, and git installed. Make sure that your pip, setuptools, and wheel are up to date. When using pip it is generally recommended to install packages in a virtual environment to avoid changes to the system.

            Support

            Official pyGAM Documentation: Read the DocsBuilding interpretable models with Generalized additive models in Python
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            Install
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            pip install pygam

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            https://github.com/dswah/pyGAM.git

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            gh repo clone dswah/pyGAM

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            git@github.com:dswah/pyGAM.git

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