vsm | Vector Space Model Framework developed for InPhO

I wouldn't say that it's a security hole, it's that you are clearly demonstrating what could happen on a system when you have not set up a fully secured configuration. Microsoft even states JEA doesn't protect against admins because "they could simply RDP in and change the configuration". We need the correct combination of SessionType and RoleDefinitions, and that they are meant for two different configurations.

Your example demonstrates a configuration setup where, even though we lock the front door of the house, we started off with a house that had all the windows and doors open. It is fully possible to get in through the back door, or reach through a window and unlock the front door, thus demonstrating the fruitlessness of locking the front door. For example, I don't need to run net stop I could just do a taskkill instead, or..., or..., etc.

Let's look at the overview of what JEA is designed for:

• Reduce the number of administrators on your machines using virtual accounts or group-managed service accounts to perform privileged actions on behalf of regular users.
• Limit what users can do by specifying which cmdlets, functions, and external commands they can run.
• Better understand what your users are doing with transcripts and logs that show you exactly which commands a user executed during their session.

We can use JEA to remove people from the local administrators group, or larger Domain Admin groups. They can then selectively get elevated Administrator rights when needed through Virtual Accounts.

If we set it up with the SessionType = 'Default' this enables all language features. We essentially can have a Jr. Technical Analyst without Domain Admin rights, without Local Admin rights, log on, and do Administrative duties. This is what the session type is meant for.

If we set it up with the SessionType = 'Default' this enables all language features. In mode it doesn't matter what commands we limit, all the doors and windows are open and we can pretty much do whatever we want. One rule in Windows is that there is always 3-4 different ways to do something. You just can't plug all the holes when everything is wide open.

@MathiasR.Jessen is right, the only way to Limit what users can do is to first lock down the system. Setting SessionType = 'RestrictedRemoteServer' locks down the session to:

Sessions of this type operate in NoLanguage mode and only have access to the following default commands (and aliases):

• Clear-Host (cls, clear)
• Exit-PSSession (exsn, exit)
• Get-Command (gcm)
• Get-FormatData
• Get-Help
• Measure-Object (measure)
• Out-Default
• Select-Object (select)

No PowerShell providers are available, nor are any external programs (executables or scripts).

This starts us out with a completely locked up house. We then selectively enable the needed commands. Ideally we should pre-create custom functions so that the custom function is the only thing they can run, they are technically not even allowed to execute the commands inside the function at all, it's all handled by the Virtual Account.

What you did was essentially exploiting this custom function capability, by "cheating" and creating our own "custom function" that will run in the Virtual Account scope, and not your own, which is why it was able to run "non-allowed" functions, and you were not. If the SessionType = 'RestrictedRemoteServer', you wouldn't be able to create scripts or custom functions like demonstrated, and hence, the "hole" would not be there.

Finally the other benefit for JEA is that it can record a transcript of all the commands that are run. This might be needed for audit reasons or fed into a SIEM solution or to find out how your Jr. Technical Analyst messed up your system ;-).

Uncomment the following line in your hitch.conf:

Found the problem. The expression attribute values map expects the data type along with values. So the request should be

Most paths only show where the file is located, but also do not enter the file name, so you cannot open it because you are essentially opening a folder.

You can do this by Javascript. You should search how to manipulate html elements on the browser. When a user click to yes button you should create input html element on the browser. Javascipt is only one way to manupilate html tags on the browser. I recommand you look at the DOM manipulation: https://www.w3schools.com/jsref/dom_obj_text.asp

Also you should add message field on your product or order table. It should be nullable (Null=True), then if customer add message you can store this message on the message field.

As I understand it, you have a "huge" set of data in i-major, j-middling, k-minor order, and you want to load it into matrices indexed by k whose elements have i-indexed rows and j-indexed columns, right? So, you want a function something like:

If you really want 0's for when the values aren't equal, and 1's for when they are, you can use a list extraction using CASE to handle the output:

Jinja2 data structures are "live", so they are subject to mutation in all jinja2 evaluation contexts. The trick is that (at least as of this post) the set statement creates new local variables, and does not assign the way a user might expect, leading to some silliness. That's why one must use dict.update as a "overwrite this dict member" work-around

Short answer: You are running the invoke command which is doing just what it is supposed to be doing - invoking the lambda function.

If you are looking to get a local API up, then run the following command:

sam local start-api

This will read your template and based on the endpoints you have setup, run them locally essentially mocking API Gateway locally. Read more about it in the official docs here.

Explanation:

This command comes is one of offering of AWS Serverless Application Model (AWS SAM). A tool to develop serverless application. It is essentially an abstraction of AWS Cloufdformation. Similarly Amplify is an abstraction that makes it simple to not only develop and manage the backend but also brings that power to frontend. As both of them essentially use Cloudformation templates underneeth, you can leverage the capabilities of one tool with another.
SAM provides a robust set of tools for local development invcluding running a local lambda mocking server, in case you are not using API Gateway.

I use this combination to develop and test my frontend along with backend which is in golang, a language which is not as mature as javascript as a backend language with Amplify as of now.