Python | All Algorithms implemented in Python | Learning library

 by   TheAlgorithms Python Version: Current License: MIT

kandi X-RAY | Python Summary

kandi X-RAY | Python Summary

Python is a Python library typically used in Tutorial, Learning, Example Codes applications. Python has no bugs, it has build file available, it has a Permissive License and it has medium support. However Python has 5 vulnerabilities. You can install using 'npm i tda' or download it from GitHub, npm.

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              Python has a medium active ecosystem.
              It has 159882 star(s) with 40335 fork(s). There are 5939 watchers for this library.
              OutlinedDot
              It had no major release in the last 6 months.
              There are 30 open issues and 1235 have been closed. On average issues are closed in 58 days. There are 142 open pull requests and 0 closed requests.
              It has a neutral sentiment in the developer community.
              The latest version of Python is current.

            kandi-Quality Quality

              Python has 0 bugs and 0 code smells.

            kandi-Security Security

              Python has 5 vulnerability issues reported (0 critical, 3 high, 2 medium, 0 low).
              Python code analysis shows 0 unresolved vulnerabilities.
              There are 0 security hotspots that need review.

            kandi-License License

              Python is licensed under the MIT License. This license is Permissive.
              Permissive licenses have the least restrictions, and you can use them in most projects.

            kandi-Reuse Reuse

              Python releases are not available. You will need to build from source code and install.
              Deployable package is available in npm.
              Build file is available. You can build the component from source.
              Python saves you 15079 person hours of effort in developing the same functionality from scratch.
              It has 34533 lines of code, 2847 functions and 1003 files.
              It has high code complexity. Code complexity directly impacts maintainability of the code.

            Top functions reviewed by kandi - BETA

            kandi has reviewed Python and discovered the below as its top functions. This is intended to give you an instant insight into Python implemented functionality, and help decide if they suit your requirements.
            • Decrypt a caesar ciphertext using the provided ciphertext
            • Convert word to upper case
            • Join a separated list of strings
            • Convert word to lowercase letter
            • Merge a collection of items into a sorted list
            • Append a new node to the list
            • Returns True if the queue is empty
            • Return True if the given number is a prime number
            • Random rabin - miller
            • Removes the minimum value from the heap
            • Perform similarity search
            • Calculate the fulladder
            • Convert an image using scipy
            • Implementation of prism algorithm
            • Train the model
            • Test for ness
            • R Pollard s rho algorithm
            • Encrypts the text using the ciphertext
            • Convert date_input to zeller format
            • Generate a random population
            • Convert from_type to to_type
            • Grammar search algorithm
            • Generate report for clustering
            • The Jacobi iteration method
            • Convert coordinates to a polynomial
            • Generate a power solution
            Get all kandi verified functions for this library.

            Python Key Features

            No Key Features are available at this moment for Python.

            Python Examples and Code Snippets

            No Code Snippets are available at this moment for Python.

            Community Discussions

            QUESTION

            Python/Docker ImportError: cannot import name 'json' from itsdangerous
            Asked 2022-Mar-31 at 12:49

            I am trying to get a Flask and Docker application to work but when I try and run it using my docker-compose up command in my Visual Studio terminal, it gives me an ImportError called ImportError: cannot import name 'json' from itsdangerous. I have tried to look for possible solutions to this problem but as of right now there are not many on here or anywhere else. The only two solutions I could find are to change the current installation of MarkupSafe and itsdangerous to a higher version: https://serverfault.com/questions/1094062/from-itsdangerous-import-json-as-json-importerror-cannot-import-name-json-fr and another one on GitHub that tells me to essentially change the MarkUpSafe and itsdangerous installation again https://github.com/aws/aws-sam-cli/issues/3661, I have also tried to make a virtual environment named veganetworkscriptenv to install the packages but that has also failed as well. I am currently using Flask 2.0.0 and Docker 5.0.0 and the error occurs on line eight in vegamain.py.

            Here is the full ImportError that I get when I try and run the program:

            ...

            ANSWER

            Answered 2022-Feb-20 at 12:31

            I was facing the same issue while running docker containers with flask.

            I downgraded Flask to 1.1.4 and markupsafe to 2.0.1 which solved my issue.

            Check this for reference.

            Source https://stackoverflow.com/questions/71189819

            QUESTION

            Why is it faster to compare strings that match than strings that do not?
            Asked 2022-Mar-30 at 11:58

            Here are two measurements:

            ...

            ANSWER

            Answered 2022-Mar-30 at 11:57

            Combining my comment and the comment by @khelwood:

            TL;DR:
            When analysing the bytecode for the two comparisons, it reveals the 'time' and 'time' strings are assigned to the same object. Therefore, an up-front identity check (at C-level) is the reason for the increased comparison speed.

            The reason for the same object assignment is that, as an implementation detail, CPython interns strings which contain only 'name characters' (i.e. alpha and underscore characters). This enables the object's identity check.

            Bytecode:

            Source https://stackoverflow.com/questions/71644405

            QUESTION

            Why is `np.sum(range(N))` very slow?
            Asked 2022-Mar-29 at 14:31

            I saw a video about speed of loops in python, where it was explained that doing sum(range(N)) is much faster than manually looping through range and adding the variables together, since the former runs in C due to built-in functions being used, while in the latter the summation is done in (slow) python. I was curious what happens when adding numpy to the mix. As I expected np.sum(np.arange(N)) is the fastest, but sum(np.arange(N)) and np.sum(range(N)) are even slower than doing the naive for loop.

            Why is this?

            Here's the script I used to test, some comments about the supposed cause of slowing done where I know (taken mostly from the video) and the results I got on my machine (python 3.10.0, numpy 1.21.2):

            updated script:

            ...

            ANSWER

            Answered 2021-Oct-16 at 17:42

            From the cpython source code for sum sum initially seems to attempt a fast path that assumes all inputs are the same type. If that fails it will just iterate:

            Source https://stackoverflow.com/questions/69584027

            QUESTION

            Error while downloading the requirements using pip install (setup command: use_2to3 is invalid.)
            Asked 2022-Mar-05 at 07:13

            version pip 21.2.4 python 3.6

            The command:

            ...

            ANSWER

            Answered 2021-Nov-19 at 13:30

            It looks like setuptools>=58 breaks support for use_2to3:

            setuptools changelog for v58

            So you should update setuptools to setuptools<58 or avoid using packages with use_2to3 in the setup parameters.

            I was having the same problem, pip==19.3.1

            Source https://stackoverflow.com/questions/69100275

            QUESTION

            Repeatedly removing the maximum average subarray
            Asked 2022-Feb-28 at 18:19

            I have an array of positive integers. For example:

            ...

            ANSWER

            Answered 2022-Feb-27 at 22:44

            This problem has a fun O(n) solution.

            If you draw a graph of cumulative sum vs index, then:

            The average value in the subarray between any two indexes is the slope of the line between those points on the graph.

            The first highest-average-prefix will end at the point that makes the highest angle from 0. The next highest-average-prefix must then have a smaller average, and it will end at the point that makes the highest angle from the first ending. Continuing to the end of the array, we find that...

            These segments of highest average are exactly the segments in the upper convex hull of the cumulative sum graph.

            Find these segments using the monotone chain algorithm. Since the points are already sorted, it takes O(n) time.

            Source https://stackoverflow.com/questions/71287550

            QUESTION

            WARNING: Running pip as the 'root' user
            Asked 2022-Feb-24 at 01:59

            I am making simple image of my python Django app in Docker. But at the end of the building container it throws next warning (I am building it on Ubuntu 20.04):

            ...

            ANSWER

            Answered 2021-Aug-29 at 08:12

            The way your container is built doesn't add a user, so everything is done as root.

            You could create a user and install to that users's home directory by doing something like this;

            Source https://stackoverflow.com/questions/68673221

            QUESTION

            How do I calculate square root in Python?
            Asked 2022-Feb-17 at 03:40

            I need to calculate the square root of some numbers, for example √9 = 3 and √2 = 1.4142. How can I do it in Python?

            The inputs will probably be all positive integers, and relatively small (say less than a billion), but just in case they're not, is there anything that might break?

            Related

            Note: This is an attempt at a canonical question after a discussion on Meta about an existing question with the same title.

            ...

            ANSWER

            Answered 2022-Feb-04 at 19:44
            Option 1: math.sqrt()

            The math module from the standard library has a sqrt function to calculate the square root of a number. It takes any type that can be converted to float (which includes int) as an argument and returns a float.

            Source https://stackoverflow.com/questions/70793490

            QUESTION

            pip-compile raising AssertionError on its logging handler
            Asked 2022-Feb-13 at 12:37

            I have a dockerfile that currently only installs pip-tools

            ...

            ANSWER

            Answered 2022-Feb-05 at 16:30

            It is a bug, you can downgrade using:

            pip install "pip<22"

            https://github.com/jazzband/pip-tools/issues/1558

            Source https://stackoverflow.com/questions/70946286

            QUESTION

            ImportError: cannot import name 'url' from 'django.conf.urls' after upgrading to Django 4.0
            Asked 2022-Feb-10 at 21:14

            After upgrading to Django 4.0, I get the following error when running python manage.py runserver

            ...

            ANSWER

            Answered 2022-Jan-10 at 21:38

            django.conf.urls.url() was deprecated in Django 3.0, and is removed in Django 4.0+.

            The easiest fix is to replace url() with re_path(). re_path uses regexes like url, so you only have to update the import and replace url with re_path.

            Source https://stackoverflow.com/questions/70319606

            QUESTION

            How did print(*a, a.pop(0)) change?
            Asked 2022-Feb-04 at 21:21

            This code:

            ...

            ANSWER

            Answered 2022-Feb-04 at 21:21

            I suspect this may have been an accident, though I prefer the new behavior.

            The new behavior is a consequence of a change to how the bytecode for * arguments works. The change is in the changelog under Python 3.9.0 alpha 3:

            bpo-39320: Replace four complex bytecodes for building sequences with three simpler ones.

            The following four bytecodes have been removed:

            • BUILD_LIST_UNPACK
            • BUILD_TUPLE_UNPACK
            • BUILD_SET_UNPACK
            • BUILD_TUPLE_UNPACK_WITH_CALL

            The following three bytecodes have been added:

            • LIST_TO_TUPLE
            • LIST_EXTEND
            • SET_UPDATE

            On Python 3.8, the bytecode for f(*a, a.pop()) looks like this:

            Source https://stackoverflow.com/questions/70404485

            Community Discussions, Code Snippets contain sources that include Stack Exchange Network

            Vulnerabilities

            The package python/cpython from 0 and before 3.6.13, from 3.7.0 and before 3.7.10, from 3.8.0 and before 3.8.8, from 3.9.0 and before 3.9.2 are vulnerable to Web Cache Poisoning via urllib.parse.parse_qsl and urllib.parse.parse_qs by using a vector called parameter cloaking. When the attacker can separate query parameters using a semicolon (;), they can cause a difference in the interpretation of the request between the proxy (running with default configuration) and the server. This can result in malicious requests being cached as completely safe ones, as the proxy would usually not see the semicolon as a separator, and therefore would not include it in a cache key of an unkeyed parameter.
            CVE-2021-3177 CRITICAL
            Python 3.x through 3.9.1 has a buffer overflow in PyCArg_repr in _ctypes/callproc.c, which may lead to remote code execution in certain Python applications that accept floating-point numbers as untrusted input, as demonstrated by a 1e300 argument to c_double.from_param. This occurs because sprintf is used unsafely.
            An issue was discovered in urllib2 in Python 2.x through 2.7.16 and urllib in Python 3.x through 3.7.3. CRLF injection is possible if the attacker controls a url parameter, as demonstrated by the first argument to urllib.request.urlopen with \r\n (specifically in the path component of a URL that lacks a ? character) followed by an HTTP header or a Redis command. This is similar to the CVE-2019-9740 query string issue. This is fixed in: v2.7.17, v2.7.17rc1, v2.7.18, v2.7.18rc1; v3.5.10, v3.5.10rc1, v3.5.8, v3.5.8rc1, v3.5.8rc2, v3.5.9; v3.6.10, v3.6.10rc1, v3.6.11, v3.6.11rc1, v3.6.12, v3.6.9, v3.6.9rc1; v3.7.4, v3.7.4rc1, v3.7.4rc2, v3.7.5, v3.7.5rc1, v3.7.6, v3.7.6rc1, v3.7.7, v3.7.7rc1, v3.7.8, v3.7.8rc1, v3.7.9.
            An issue was discovered in urllib2 in Python 2.x through 2.7.16 and urllib in Python 3.x through 3.7.3. CRLF injection is possible if the attacker controls a url parameter, as demonstrated by the first argument to urllib.request.urlopen with \r\n (specifically in the query string after a ? character) followed by an HTTP header or a Redis command. This is fixed in: v2.7.17, v2.7.17rc1, v2.7.18, v2.7.18rc1; v3.5.10, v3.5.10rc1, v3.5.8, v3.5.8rc1, v3.5.8rc2, v3.5.9; v3.6.10, v3.6.10rc1, v3.6.11, v3.6.11rc1, v3.6.12, v3.6.9, v3.6.9rc1; v3.7.4, v3.7.4rc1, v3.7.4rc2, v3.7.5, v3.7.5rc1, v3.7.6, v3.7.6rc1, v3.7.7, v3.7.7rc1, v3.7.8, v3.7.8rc1, v3.7.9.

            Install Python

            You can install using 'npm i tda' or download it from GitHub, npm.
            You can use Python like any standard Python library. You will need to make sure that you have a development environment consisting of a Python distribution including header files, a compiler, pip, and git installed. Make sure that your pip, setuptools, and wheel are up to date. When using pip it is generally recommended to install packages in a virtual environment to avoid changes to the system.

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