differentiation | Implementing TensorFlow from Scratch | Machine Learning library

 by   jimfleming Python Version: Current License: No License

kandi X-RAY | differentiation Summary

kandi X-RAY | differentiation Summary

differentiation is a Python library typically used in Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, Deep Learning, Tensorflow, Numpy applications. differentiation has no bugs, it has no vulnerabilities and it has high support. However differentiation build file is not available. You can download it from GitHub.

This literate programming exercise will construct a simple 2-layer feed-forward neural network to compute the exclusive or, using symbolic differentiation to compute the gradients automatically. In total, about 500 lines of code, including comments. The only functional dependency is numpy. I highly recommend reading Chris Olah's Calculus on Computational Graphs: Backpropagation for more background on what this code is doing.
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            kandi-support Support

              differentiation has a highly active ecosystem.
              It has 32 star(s) with 8 fork(s). There are 2 watchers for this library.
              OutlinedDot
              It had no major release in the last 6 months.
              There are 0 open issues and 1 have been closed. On average issues are closed in 235 days. There are no pull requests.
              OutlinedDot
              It has a negative sentiment in the developer community.
              The latest version of differentiation is current.

            kandi-Quality Quality

              differentiation has 0 bugs and 0 code smells.

            kandi-Security Security

              differentiation has no vulnerabilities reported, and its dependent libraries have no vulnerabilities reported.
              differentiation code analysis shows 0 unresolved vulnerabilities.
              There are 0 security hotspots that need review.

            kandi-License License

              differentiation does not have a standard license declared.
              Check the repository for any license declaration and review the terms closely.
              OutlinedDot
              Without a license, all rights are reserved, and you cannot use the library in your applications.

            kandi-Reuse Reuse

              differentiation releases are not available. You will need to build from source code and install.
              differentiation has no build file. You will be need to create the build yourself to build the component from source.
              differentiation saves you 1136 person hours of effort in developing the same functionality from scratch.
              It has 2566 lines of code, 79 functions and 17 files.
              It has low code complexity. Code complexity directly impacts maintainability of the code.

            Top functions reviewed by kandi - BETA

            kandi has reviewed differentiation and discovered the below as its top functions. This is intended to give you an instant insight into differentiation implemented functionality, and help decide if they suit your requirements.
            • Computes the gradients of the input tensor
            • Convert a tensor
            • Creates a tensor
            • Evaluate tensors
            • Evaluate a tensor
            • Evaluate an op
            • Return a Tensor object
            • Compute the gradient of the graph
            • Computes the dot product of a and b
            • Transpose x
            • Return the gradient of the graph
            • Square operator
            • Group inputs
            • Assign a
            • Compute the mean of x
            • Dot product
            • Sigmoid operator
            • Square of x
            Get all kandi verified functions for this library.

            differentiation Key Features

            No Key Features are available at this moment for differentiation.

            differentiation Examples and Code Snippets

            No Code Snippets are available at this moment for differentiation.

            Community Discussions

            QUESTION

            NumPy: Jacobian of matrix with respect to self and 2d extension of diagonal matrix
            Asked 2021-Jun-10 at 04:48

            Jacobian of matrix with respect to itself

            I am implementing an in-house automatic differentiation module using only native functions of NumPy, and for any kind of matrix operations, constructing a 4D array from a 2D array like the one in the picture seems to show up in different places.

            My current approach is quite simple: if I'm given a k-by-d matrix called a, I am doing something like

            ...

            ANSWER

            Answered 2021-Jun-10 at 04:48

            If all elements are either 0 or 1 (as I believe your picture shows), then:

            Source https://stackoverflow.com/questions/67913457

            QUESTION

            How do I take gradients of MultibodyPlant computations w.r.t. mass, center-of-mass, inertia, etc.?
            Asked 2021-Jun-09 at 12:41

            I see the current chapter of Underactuated: System Identification and the corresponding notebook, and it currently does it through symbolics.

            I'd like to try out stuff like system identification using forward-mode automatic differentiation ("autodiff" via AutoDiffXd, etc.), just to check things like scalability, get a better feel for symbolics and autodiff options in Drake, etc.

            As a first steps towards system identification with autodiff, how do I take gradients of MultibodyPlant quantities (e.g. generalized forces, forward dynamics, etc.) with respect to inertial parameters (say mass)?

            ...

            ANSWER

            Answered 2021-Jun-09 at 12:41

            Drake's formulation of MultibodyPlant, in conjunction with the Drake Systems framework, can allow you to take derivatives (via autodiff) with respect to inertial parameters by using the parameter accessors of RigidBody on the given plant's Context.

            Please see the following tutorial:
            https://nbviewer.jupyter.org/github/RobotLocomotion/drake/blob/nightly-release/tutorials/multibody_plant_autodiff_mass.ipynb

            Source https://stackoverflow.com/questions/67754125

            QUESTION

            Is it possible to find similarities between rows in a matrix without loop?
            Asked 2021-Jun-08 at 20:55

            i have a 2D numpy array. I'm trying to compute the similarities between rows and put it into a similarities array. Is this possible without loop? Thanks for your time!

            ...

            ANSWER

            Answered 2021-Jun-08 at 20:55

            The problem is how numpy iterates through the array when indexing a two-dimentional array with two arrays.

            First some setup:

            Source https://stackoverflow.com/questions/67891211

            QUESTION

            Ceres Solver: how to define bounds/constraints?
            Asked 2021-Jun-04 at 12:31

            Ceres solver states everywhere that it can

            [...] solve robustified bounds constrained non-linear least squares problems

            and that it supports upper and lower bounds constraints on the parameter blocks (for example in http://ceres-solver.org/modeling_faqs.html it states Ceres Solver only supports upper and lower bounds constraints on the parameter blocks), but somehow I can't find anywhere in the documentation how I can set these upper and lower bounds.

            So, how do I set upper and lower bounds for parameter blocks in ceres solver?

            Specifically, how do I do that in an AutoDiffCostFunction? If I use if statements to return a very big residual out of bounds, then that function isn't differentiable.

            For example, this is the ceres Hello World:

            ...

            ANSWER

            Answered 2021-Jun-04 at 12:31

            You can use methods setParameterLowerBound and setParameterUpperBound as defined here: http://ceres-solver.org/nnls_modeling.html?highlight=setparameterlowerbound#_CPPv4N5ceres7Problem22SetParameterLowerBoundEPdid

            In your case, I guess something like this:

            Source https://stackoverflow.com/questions/67820958

            QUESTION

            How is the baseline determined for the content of grid items?
            Asked 2021-Apr-30 at 11:14

            This has really got me confused. See the two demos below:

            ...

            ANSWER

            Answered 2021-Apr-30 at 03:11

            "I struggle to see any differentiation between block and inline-block."

            The difference is that inline level elements activate the vertical-align property.

            So in your span with display: inline-block, a vertical-align: baseline rule is applied by default. This sets the content of the span to the baseline of the parent.

            The vertical-align property has no effect on block level elements.

            The vertical-align CSS property sets vertical alignment of an inline, inline-block or table-cell box. ~ MDN

            The solution is to override the default. Add this to your code:

            Source https://stackoverflow.com/questions/67327399

            QUESTION

            tensorflow differentiate only element of vector
            Asked 2021-Apr-16 at 14:09

            I am to understand how tensorflow differentiation behaves when applied on elements of vector. Here is my code

            ...

            ANSWER

            Answered 2021-Apr-16 at 14:09

            You're getting none because accessing a sub element of a tensor is actually an operation that needs to be done inside the tf.GradientTape context. Otherwise, the tape does not know the history that lead to that variable.

            Your example is akin to doing this:

            Source https://stackoverflow.com/questions/67122372

            QUESTION

            C Pointers, some variables return actual value of variable pointed to, others seem to point to memory addresses
            Asked 2021-Apr-07 at 03:21

            I'm working on a program in C which is intended to store information pertaining to a car rental business (reads in information in a loop, and outputs each entered customer per iteration, once the loop breaks, some average statistics are calculated and returned), I've had little issues up until I've tried to add calculations for the averages displayed in the end of the program and a few new variable pointers (and variables in main to adjoin) to facilitate this

            My values for name, license, serviceCost, dayCount3, totalIncome all seem to pass and output correctly.

            However, my values for dayCount1, dayCount2, avgdays do not and seem to return arbitrary information (it looks like a memory address as an int, but I'm not certain)

            As far as i can tell, there is no differentiation in how i treat the pointers and their associated variables which do pass as expected and those that do not. I am new at working with pointers and have only had experience in C# and Java previously in which I've never worked with pointers.

            Here is the code I'm currently working with.

            ...

            ANSWER

            Answered 2021-Apr-07 at 03:21

            In C you have to initialize your variables, else they will pick garbage value located in the register.

            You can easily fix this with:

            Source https://stackoverflow.com/questions/66978975

            QUESTION

            HTML/CSS dropdown menu hiding other dropdown menu
            Asked 2021-Apr-05 at 11:21

            this is my website that I am developing, and I trying to develop a calculator which depending on the subject and equation your are trying to use, the calculator will give you an answer.

            I made two dropdown menus, however, when I hover over the "Physics" menu, for some reason the "Maths" menu is covered. Also, the list for "Physics" is a bit too long and I wanted to make a scroll bar, but I don't know how to.

            I tried to look on w3schools and other resources, but I couldn't find a solutions which solved my problem.

            ...

            ANSWER

            Answered 2021-Apr-05 at 11:21

            You had a lot of errors in the code. Like in li, you gave css as display: inline;; and the sub-menu you didn't give any positions like position: absolute;

            I have applied my changes below.

            Thanks me later.

            Source https://stackoverflow.com/questions/66951809

            QUESTION

            Dropdown in HTML/CSS
            Asked 2021-Apr-04 at 18:30

            I'm trying to make to make my first website with html and css (and js later). I want to make a calculator with a dropdown menu, but I'm struggling to make the dropdown menu as when it is hovered over, the dropdown list covers the menu.

            ...

            ANSWER

            Answered 2021-Apr-04 at 18:13

            Your .dropdown-content has position absolute, add the top css rule to that selector and push the dropdown-content element down below the main nav.

            position: absolute ~ The element is positioned relative to its first positioned (not static) ancestor element. This will allow you to set top, left, right and bottom.

            Source https://stackoverflow.com/questions/66944111

            QUESTION

            Plot table next to plot and below legend in ggplot2
            Asked 2021-Mar-26 at 09:56

            I have this data frame and table:

            ...

            ANSWER

            Answered 2021-Mar-26 at 09:06

            Extract the legend as grob, then use layout matrix, see example:

            Source https://stackoverflow.com/questions/66813118

            Community Discussions, Code Snippets contain sources that include Stack Exchange Network

            Vulnerabilities

            No vulnerabilities reported

            Install differentiation

            You can download it from GitHub.
            You can use differentiation like any standard Python library. You will need to make sure that you have a development environment consisting of a Python distribution including header files, a compiler, pip, and git installed. Make sure that your pip, setuptools, and wheel are up to date. When using pip it is generally recommended to install packages in a virtual environment to avoid changes to the system.

            Support

            For any new features, suggestions and bugs create an issue on GitHub. If you have any questions check and ask questions on community page Stack Overflow .
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