quantum | Quantum computer simulation in python

 by   thmp Python Version: Current License: MIT

kandi X-RAY | quantum Summary

kandi X-RAY | quantum Summary

quantum is a Python library typically used in Quantum Computing applications. quantum has no bugs, it has no vulnerabilities, it has a Permissive License and it has low support. However quantum build file is not available. You can download it from GitHub.

Quantum computing was first developed as a way to efficiently simulate quantum systems, which is not possible using classical computation devices. In 1982, Richard Feynman proposed a universal quantum simulator, which would be able to execute these simulations without experiencing the exponential slowdown of quantum simulations on classical computers. Since this universal quantum simulator was a complete Turing machine, it became known as a quantum computer. The topic reached major attention when the first algorithms for quantum computers were developed, which were superior to their classical counterparts. It expanded the quantum computer’s possible usages beyond the simulation of quantum systems. Important algorithms were Shor’s algorithm for number factorization with an exponential speed-up as well as Grover’s search algorithm showing a quadratic speedup. Along with theoretical developments, first experimental realization of quantum computers with a few qubits were demonstrated. In 1998, the first experimental realizations of quantum computers with two and three qubits were presented, solving Deutsch’s algorithm as well as the Grover search. Both employed nuclear magnetic resonance to realize the qubits. Recently, the first industry-class quantum annealing computers were presented by D-Wave Systems.
Support
    Quality
      Security
        License
          Reuse

            kandi-support Support

              quantum has a low active ecosystem.
              It has 28 star(s) with 15 fork(s). There are 5 watchers for this library.
              OutlinedDot
              It had no major release in the last 6 months.
              quantum has no issues reported. There are no pull requests.
              It has a neutral sentiment in the developer community.
              The latest version of quantum is current.

            kandi-Quality Quality

              quantum has 0 bugs and 0 code smells.

            kandi-Security Security

              quantum has no vulnerabilities reported, and its dependent libraries have no vulnerabilities reported.
              quantum code analysis shows 0 unresolved vulnerabilities.
              There are 0 security hotspots that need review.

            kandi-License License

              quantum is licensed under the MIT License. This license is Permissive.
              Permissive licenses have the least restrictions, and you can use them in most projects.

            kandi-Reuse Reuse

              quantum releases are not available. You will need to build from source code and install.
              quantum has no build file. You will be need to create the build yourself to build the component from source.
              quantum saves you 79 person hours of effort in developing the same functionality from scratch.
              It has 205 lines of code, 25 functions and 5 files.
              It has medium code complexity. Code complexity directly impacts maintainability of the code.

            Top functions reviewed by kandi - BETA

            kandi has reviewed quantum and discovered the below as its top functions. This is intended to give you an instant insight into quantum implemented functionality, and help decide if they suit your requirements.
            • Plot the state of the gate .
            • Swap the qubits .
            • Initialize the minimum register .
            • Performs the Hamiltonian search .
            • Retrieve the state of the model .
            • Shift the qubits .
            • Store data in memory .
            • Compute the average of values
            Get all kandi verified functions for this library.

            quantum Key Features

            No Key Features are available at this moment for quantum.

            quantum Examples and Code Snippets

            No Code Snippets are available at this moment for quantum.

            Community Discussions

            QUESTION

            How does Elasticsearch aggregate or weight scores from two sub queries ("bool query" and "decay function")
            Asked 2021-Jun-13 at 15:43

            I have a complicated Elasticsearch query like the following example. This query has two sub queries: a weighted bool query and a decay function. I am trying to understand how Elasticsearch aggregrates the scores from each sub queries. If I run the first sub query alone (the weighted bool query), my top score is 20. If I run the second sub query alone (the decay function), my score is 1. However, if I run both sub queries together, my top score is 15. Can someone explain this?

            My second related question is how to weight the scores from the two sub queries?

            ...

            ANSWER

            Answered 2021-Jun-13 at 15:43

            I found the answer myself by reading the elasticsearch document on the usage of function_score. function_score has a parameter boost_mode that specifies how query score and function score are combined. By default, boost_mode is set to multiply.

            Besides the default multiply method, we could also set boost_mode to avg, and add a parameter weight to the above decay function exp, then the combined score will be: ( the_bool_query_score + the_decay_function_score * weight ) / ( 1 + weight ).

            Source https://stackoverflow.com/questions/67865698

            QUESTION

            Parse soapMessage XML as String and search it with XPath in Java
            Asked 2021-Jun-07 at 20:10

            I have a problem which I cannot solve. I have SOAP response which I get from the web service, then I parse it to String and then pass it to method in which I want to find car by id. I constantly get NPE if I use Node or 0 list length if I use NodeList. As a test, I want to get the first car.

            SoapResponse:

            ...

            ANSWER

            Answered 2021-Jun-07 at 20:10

            Since you are already using SAAJ for your call, why not use the same API to read the response?

            Source https://stackoverflow.com/questions/67850141

            QUESTION

            Why does drawing a qiskit quantum circuit look different when I run a jupyter notebook locally
            Asked 2021-Jun-05 at 17:40

            I'm using the qiskit textbook, and it creates a QuantumCircuit and then draws the circuit, and it looks like this:

            I see the same result when running the textbook as a jupyter notebook in IBM's quantum lab.

            However, when I download the textbook as a jupyter notebook and run it myself locally, it looks like this:

            I don't like this very much, and I think I am missing something simple. The code that is running is exactly the same. I am using MacOS 11.4 (Big Sur). The following code is sufficient to show a difference when I run it online vs. locally:

            ...

            ANSWER

            Answered 2021-Jun-05 at 17:40

            Because Qiskit has multiple drawers. Those are:

            • text
            • mpl
            • latex
            • latex_source.

            The drawer you see in the IBM Quantum Lab is the one based on Matplotlib. You can get the same output by qc.draw('mpl').

            To set a default, you can change (or create if does not exist) the file ~/.qiskit/settings.conf) with the entry circuit_drawer = mpl.

            Source https://stackoverflow.com/questions/67852048

            QUESTION

            Matplotlib plot's title is missing for unknown reason in Python
            Asked 2021-Jun-04 at 18:23

            Can anyone tell me what is wrong with this code? It is from https://jakevdp.github.io/blog/2012/09/05/quantum-python/ . Everything in it worked out except the title of the plot.I can't figure it out.

            It should look like this

            but when the code is run, it polts this

            Here is the code given:-

            ...

            ANSWER

            Answered 2021-Jun-04 at 18:23

            The problem is resolved when blit=False, though it may slow down your animation.

            Just quoting from a previous answer:

            "Possible solutions are:

            Put the title inside the axes.

            Don't use blitting"

            See: How to update plot title with matplotlib using animation?

            You also need ffmpeg installed. There are other answers on stackoverflow that help you through that installation. But for this script, here are my recommended new lines you need to add, assuming you're using Windows:

            Source https://stackoverflow.com/questions/67841265

            QUESTION

            How to avoid huge overhead of single-threaded NumPy's transpose?
            Asked 2021-May-22 at 05:04

            I currently encounter huge overhead because of NumPy's transpose function. I found this function virtually always run in single-threaded, whatever how large the transposed matrix/array is. I probably need to avoid this huge time cost.

            To my understanding, other functions like np.dot or vector increment would run in parallel, if numpy array is large enough. Some element-wise operations seems to be better parallelized in package numexpr, but numexpr probably couldn't handle transpose.

            I wish to learn what is the better way to resolve problem. To state this problem in detail,

            • Sometimes NumPy runs transpose ultrafast (like B = A.T) because the transposed tensor is not used in calculation or be dumped, and there is no need to really transpose data at this stage. When calling B[:] = A.T, that really do transpose of data.
            • I think a parallelized transpose function should be a resolution. The problem is how to implement it.
            • Hope the solution does not require packages other than NumPy. ctype binding is acceptable. And hope code is not too difficult to use nor too complicated.
            • Tensor transpose is a plus. Though techniques to transpose a matrix could be also utilized in specific tensor transpose problem, I think it could be difficult to write a universal API for tensor transpose. I actually also need to handle tensor transpose, but handling tensors could complicate this stackoverflow problem.
            • And if there's possibility to implement parallelized transpose in future, or there's a plan exists? Then there would be no need to implement transpose by myself ;)

            Thanks in advance for any suggestions!

            Current workarounds

            Handling a model transpose problem (size of A is ~763MB) on my personal computer in Linux with 4-cores available (400% CPU in total).

            ...

            ANSWER

            Answered 2021-May-08 at 14:57

            Computing transpositions efficiently is hard. This primitive is not compute-bound but memory-bound. This is especially true for big matrices stored in the RAM (and not CPU caches).

            Numpy use a view-based approach which is great when only a slice of the array is needed and quite slow the computation is done eagerly (eg. when a copy is performed). The way Numpy is implemented results in a lot of cache misses strongly decreasing performance when a copy is performed in this case.

            I found this function virtually always run in single-threaded, whatever how large the transposed matrix/array is.

            This is clearly dependant of the Numpy implementation used. AFAIK, some optimized packages like the one of Intel are more efficient and take more often advantage of multithreading.

            I think a parallelized transpose function should be a resolution. The problem is how to implement it.

            Yes and no. It may not be necessary faster to use more threads. At least not much more, and not on all platforms. The algorithm used is far more important than using multiple threads.

            On modern desktop x86-64 processors, each core can be bounded by its cache hierarchy. But this limit is quite high. Thus, two cores are often enough to nearly saturate the RAM throughput. For example, on my (4-core) machine, a sequential copy can reach 20.4 GiB/s (Numpy succeed to reach this limit), while my (practical) memory throughput is close to 35 GiB/s. Copying A takes 72 ms while the naive Numpy transposition A takes 700 ms. Even using all my cores, a parallel implementation would not be faster than 175 ms while the optimal theoretical time is 42 ms. Actually, a naive parallel implementation would be much slower than 175 ms because of caches-misses and the saturation of my L3 cache.

            Naive transposition implementations do not write/read data contiguously. The memory access pattern is strided and most cache-lines are wasted. Because of this, data are read/written multiple time from memory on huge matrices (typically 8 times on current x86-64 platforms using double-precision). Tile-based transposition algorithm is an efficient way to prevent this issue. It also strongly reduces cache misses. Ideally, hierarchical tiles should be used or the cache-oblivious Z-tiling pattern although this is hard to implement.

            Here is a Numba-based implementation based on the previous informations:

            Source https://stackoverflow.com/questions/67431966

            QUESTION

            When I execute a jar file I get an error when I want to change from scene
            Asked 2021-May-21 at 07:20

            I am working with javaFX on inteliJ using javafx-sdk-11.0.2. I made a GUI for a cinema and when I want to run it on inteliJ, everything works fine. But when I create a jar file and I execute it then everything works fine again until I click on a button for switching from scene.

            That is what I get when clicking on the button. Note that not all buttons have the same problem. I have some buttons that work fine while I am using the same code everywhere.

            ...

            ANSWER

            Answered 2021-May-21 at 07:20

            The resource /sample/klantPagina.fxml might not have been found and give a NullPointerException on load.

            Source https://stackoverflow.com/questions/67632266

            QUESTION

            Python calling q# file on IONQ QPU results in error about a System.Text.Json, Version=5.0.0.0 file not being found
            Asked 2021-May-13 at 22:01

            Attempting to learn how to call q# from Python code and have it run for real on the IONQ QPU as it does (or appears to do) using VS and >dotnet run of the raw q# code. I followed the guides and workshop.

            Python code:

            ...

            ANSWER

            Answered 2021-May-13 at 22:01

            @Joab.Ai, thank you for posting this issue! We've identified this to be specific to the latest version of qsharp (0.16.2104.138035). While we are looking into a fix, a workaround will be to downgrade your qsharp package version:

            Edit: we have fixed this issue in our latest release! Update to the latest version with this command:

            Source https://stackoverflow.com/questions/67411006

            QUESTION

            How to decide bias in Hamiltonian Ising model? python
            Asked 2021-May-12 at 03:26

            I am trying to code finance portfolio optimisation problem into a quantum annealer, using the Hamiltonian Ising model. I am using the dwave module

            ...

            ANSWER

            Answered 2021-May-12 at 03:26

            If you are familiar with the physics of the Ising model (e.g. just look it up on wikipedia), you will find out that the term "linear bias" h is used instead of the physics term external constant magnetic field and the term "quadratic bias" J is used instead of the physics term of interaction between a pair of (neighbouring in the case of the Ising model) spins. My guess is that the h and J coefficients must be learned from some given data. Your job is to cast (interpret) the data available to you into an Ising model configuration (state) and then use some sort of optimization with unknown h and J that minimizes the difference between the model's solutions (theoretical Ising model configuration) and the observed data.

            Source https://stackoverflow.com/questions/67462360

            QUESTION

            org.sqlite.SQLiteException: [SQLITE_ERROR] SQL error or missing database (near "as": syntax error)
            Asked 2021-May-09 at 10:23

            I am developing a JavaFX application with Spring Boot and I am experiencing the title exception when I try to list records from a complex SQLite database table.

            Before I have been able to select from another simple table, but in this case, is a table with multiple foreign keys:

            Here is the table script creation:

            ...

            ANSWER

            Answered 2021-May-09 at 10:23

            @Column(name = "observaciones,", length = 100, nullable = true, unique = false) you have a comma at the end of the name that is wreaking havoc with the SQL. Remove the comma! Same for fecha,.

            Source https://stackoverflow.com/questions/67456579

            QUESTION

            JavaFX: Exception in thread "JavaFX Application Thread" java.lang.NullPointerException: Cannot invoke "com.sun.prism.GraphicsPipeline.is3DSupported()"
            Asked 2021-May-07 at 09:54

            I am programming a JavaFX Application which shows an undecorated stage. To close my application, I use a button, which calls the method System.exit(0); The problem is that I get sometimes this exception without links to my code when I use it:

            ...

            ANSWER

            Answered 2021-May-07 at 09:54

            call Platform.exit() instead of System.exit();

            Source https://stackoverflow.com/questions/67420780

            Community Discussions, Code Snippets contain sources that include Stack Exchange Network

            Vulnerabilities

            No vulnerabilities reported

            Install quantum

            You can download it from GitHub.
            You can use quantum like any standard Python library. You will need to make sure that you have a development environment consisting of a Python distribution including header files, a compiler, pip, and git installed. Make sure that your pip, setuptools, and wheel are up to date. When using pip it is generally recommended to install packages in a virtual environment to avoid changes to the system.

            Support

            For any new features, suggestions and bugs create an issue on GitHub. If you have any questions check and ask questions on community page Stack Overflow .
            Find more information at:

            Find, review, and download reusable Libraries, Code Snippets, Cloud APIs from over 650 million Knowledge Items

            Find more libraries
            CLONE
          • HTTPS

            https://github.com/thmp/quantum.git

          • CLI

            gh repo clone thmp/quantum

          • sshUrl

            git@github.com:thmp/quantum.git

          • Stay Updated

            Subscribe to our newsletter for trending solutions and developer bootcamps

            Agree to Sign up and Terms & Conditions

            Share this Page

            share link

            Explore Related Topics

            Consider Popular Python Libraries

            public-apis

            by public-apis

            system-design-primer

            by donnemartin

            Python

            by TheAlgorithms

            Python-100-Days

            by jackfrued

            youtube-dl

            by ytdl-org

            Try Top Libraries by thmp

            bitmm

            by thmpPython

            qmc

            by thmpJupyter Notebook

            mont-app

            by thmpJavaScript

            pswitch

            by thmpJavaScript

            acp

            by thmpPython