checkr | Automatic verification and testing of R functions | Functional Programming library
kandi X-RAY | checkr Summary
kandi X-RAY | checkr Summary
R is a dynamically typed language. This is pretty great for writing code quickly, but bad for architecturing large systems. While some have tried admirably, it seems like a bad idea to enforce a lot of static checks on R functions. However, we can still be explicit about our preconditions and postconditions when writing R functions, to adopt a solid functional style.
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QUESTION
For all intents and purposes, I have a bunch of functions and function calls with this sort of AST structure. It's an array of functions.
...ANSWER
Answered 2021-Mar-10 at 19:28There are a few issues I can see:
- I don't see any reference syntax in your code, since I don't see any "&"s. The only thing you have are moves. If you start to break away from that syntax, it begins to ruin things.
- You're also using both
"reference"and"borrow"in your javascript, which is confusing, because they mean the same thing in Rust. - You don't have a type for
doX's parameters, which means you can't handle that variable properly, because it could be a move, which could cause scope problems for the calling function. - How did
bbecome a reference tox?
Rust / Understanding Ownership:
https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch04-00-understanding-ownership.html
Here's a synopsis of the above link:
For all of this, when I say "variable," I mean "variable that uses the heap." Also, feel free to substitute/interpret "reference" as "borrow."
A variable gets dropped at the end of its scope, if it is still valid. Dropping means freeing the memory. Scope is from when the variable is introduced to the last time it's used. If there are any references to this variable that are still in scope, it's an error.
By default, variables are moved instead of copied.
When a variable is copied, a new, unique variable is created and the data is copied. This creates an entirely new, independent variable.
When a variable is moved to another variable, the initial variable is marked invalid and can no longer be used. (A big tradeoff of this style of memory management.) The new variable points to the same heap data that the old variable did. If the initial variable is used after being marked invalid, it's an error.
A variable can be moved by assigning it to another variable in one of three ways:
- directly. e.g. x = y
- by setting the value of a function parameter. e.g. f(x)
- by returning it from a function, e.g. x = f()
If you pass a variable to another function and want to continue using it after that call, then the function has to "give it back" by returning it (another major deviation from expectations). This is just (2) followed by (3), e.g. x = f(x).
It's possible to create two types of references to a variable: immutable (default) and mutable. A reference just points to the variable instead of the data.
You can have an unlimited number of immutable references to a variable. You can only have one mutable reference, and only if you have no other types of references (including immutable) in scope.
When references are out of scope, they do not call drop. It's an error for references to continue to exist when the variable to which they point has been dropped.
If I were to implement this, I would do the following in order:
- get scope working. This is the time from when a variable or reference is first introduced to the time it is last used. Note that scopes in the same block may or may not overlap.
- get copy working
- get move working, including the drop aspect. detect scope extending beyond validity. Do this in stages, for move types (1), (2), (3) as shown above.
- get immutable reference working, error if attempt to change variable, error if scope beyond validity.
- get mutable reference working, error if any other reference in scope, error if scope is beyond validity.
QUESTION
i have a edittext in Alert Dialog.....my operation is performing well if ediitext is not empty.....i want to set focus when ediitext is empty in alertdialog ..
need help thanks in advance
i tried the following code please have a look:---
...ANSWER
Answered 2020-Aug-17 at 08:05
NumberFormatExceptionis an Exception that might be thrown when you try to convert a String into a number, where that number might be an int , a float , or any other Java numeric type.
QUESTION
I was doing the cs50 pset 2 - substitution, where we have to encrypt the plaintext using the key given by the user in the command line, but the following code isn't prompting for an input. What am I doing wrong? Any help would be greatly appreciated!
...ANSWER
Answered 2020-Aug-03 at 13:18In the check function, you initialized the inner loop as int j = i.
Therefore, in the first iteration, key[i] == key[j] will be always true.
Then, 1 is returned from check and it prevents main function from printing the prompt.
The initialization should be int j = i + 1.
Firstly, it is bad to do int keyL = strlen(key); before checking c because key (argv[1]) may be NULL when c (argc) is less than 2.
Secondly, printf("ciphertext: %s\n", ctext); in this code will invoke undefined behavior because what is stored in ctext is not NUL-terminated.
char ctext[len]; should be char ctext[len+1]; and ctext[len]='\0'; should be added before printf("ciphertext: %s\n", ctext);.
QUESTION
I am working width checkBox, for the example there are 3 color options and 2 options of placement in the form of CheckBox, the problem is that if I want to choose 2 options for example: party and red only shows me in the alert one of the two and not altogether as it should be.
try to validate that option as shown in code but it did not work and I do not think it is a good option because it would be very long considering the number of options that the user could choose.
how can I get the two options the user chose in a good way?
thanks
...ANSWER
Answered 2020-Jul-30 at 21:58I think you are setting the state.id variable each time you toggle a checkbox state. Therefore, the state.id just will hold the last value.
QUESTION
Trying to make my bot handle multiple reactions to a message.
I can get a version of this to work if I only check for one reaction like:
reaction, user = await bot.wait_for('reaction_add', timeout=5, check=checkR)
but when I check for multiple reactions (like paper and scissors), the code simply will not work.
I've searched everywhere for help on this and cannot find anything that is post-Discord rewrite.
Any help appreciated!
...ANSWER
Answered 2020-Mar-16 at 07:17reaction, user = await bot.wait_for('reaction_add', timeout=5, check=checkR)
reaction, user = await bot.wait_for('reaction_add', timeout=5, check=checkP)
reaction, user = await bot.wait_for('reaction_add', timeout=5, check=checkS)
QUESTION
I'm using checkr/goflagr, specifically trying to build an EvalContext and fill in the EntityContext field (some content removed below for the sake of brevity)
ANSWER
Answered 2020-Feb-18 at 19:49An *interface{} is as ugly as it can get. It is perfectly possible to implement omitempty with an interface{}, because an interface{} can be nil. You should consider submitting a bug for this. Anyhow...
If you need to pass an *interface{}, you can do it:
QUESTION
I'm sort of new with Django and I ran through an issue. I'm sending a post request to django view and return the function back with HttpResponse in order to change my template's div contents to the passed value from my view. The issue is: once ajax responds and changes it's div's value; the page instantly reloads. Do you guys have any idea why?
Views.py
...ANSWER
Answered 2020-Feb-15 at 06:58Try this for your view
QUESTION
White Balancing is a rather well-covered topic, but most of the answers I have seen cover automatic white balancing techniques for an entire image that does not have a known point for what is white, gray, and black. I cannot seem to find many that cover white balancing from a known point. I have the script (below) that takes an image of a color card (Spyder Checkr 48) and returns the white, 20% Gray, and Black color card blocks:
...ANSWER
Answered 2019-Feb-01 at 14:57Given the RGB value of a white patch, the image can be corrected for white balance by dividing by that value. That is, applying a linear transformation that makes the white patch have the same level in the three channels:
QUESTION
I have a event listener on a parent div, and i'd like it not to get fired on child div onclick as well.
I'm using jQuery for this, since i need the .on() being the element dynamically created, also the child div is dynamically created with an inline onclick="myFunction()". When the onclick myFunction occurs in the child i don't want the parent .on(click) gets called again.
html:
...ANSWER
Answered 2018-Sep-16 at 08:34As you said, jQuery doesn't support listening to events in the capturing phase; you'll have to use standard Javascript instead of jQuery in order to accomplish that. For example:
QUESTION
I have a polar graph (see image) with 120 different points. I want to make it so if the user clicks or hovers on one of the points, the coordinate of that point is displayed. I have an array called pointCoordinates that stores each canvas coordinate of each points like this:
ANSWER
Answered 2018-Jun-21 at 02:21EDIT: My (accepted) answer was bad. This corrects it:
This assumes r to be 1 to 5. Convert mouse cartesian mx,my to polar mr,mt. First check if mr is close to 1 of the 5 radii. Function checkr does that. If it is close, then check if mt is close to 1 of the 24 thetas. Function checkt does that. A complication is that the atan2 function is not continuous at pi radians which is where points are at, so make the discontinuity at -pi/24 radians where there are no points.
A "close" value is pi/24 since the arc distance between two adjacent points at r=1 will be pi/12.
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