mandate | A simple command-pattern helper gem for Ruby | Application Framework library

According to Wikipedia, the ASCII is a 7-bit encoding. Since each address (then and now) stores 8 bits, the extraneous 8th bit can bit used as a parity bit.

The committee voted to use a seven-bit code to minimize costs associated with data transmission. Since perforated tape at the time could record eight bits in one position, it also allowed for a parity bit for error checking if desired.[3]:217, 236 §5 Eight-bit machines (with octets as the native data type) that did not use parity checking typically set the eighth bit to 0.

Nothing seems to mandate that the 8th bit in a byte storing an ASCII character has to be 0. Therefore, when decoding ASCII characters, do we have to account for the possibility that the 8th bit may be set to 1? Python doesn't seem to take this into account — should it? Or are we guaranteed that the parity bit is always 0 (by some official standard)?

If the parity bit is 0 (default), then Python can decode a character ('@'):

I need to transform a (sort of) wide-format dataset into a long-format one.

The dataset reports the years of begin and end of officials' mandates at different levels.
I would like to dummy out the official being in office for each year for each level (See: expected db).

Notes:

1. An official can be elected multiple times at the same level. The begin and end years of the first time the official is elected are reported in columns start_lv1_1 and stop_lv1_1, respectively. The second time in the columns start_lv1_2 and stop_lv1_2, respectively;
2. If an official's mandate begins in 2000 and ends in 2005, I would like to assign the value of 1 only to the years up to 2005 (i.e. 2000,2001,2002,2003,2004 - not 2005);
3. Mandates can overlap.

Thanks very much in advance.

We use JSON:API as the main serialization schema for our API. Without going into the specifics, it mandates JSON responses from a server to have a top-level data property that may contain a single entity or an array of entities:

We have an APIM which forwards requests to different backend servers based on different policies. I want to restrict requests to backend servers to only come from that APIM (and no other entity). Two options at hand were:

1. IP filtering at backend-servers to accept requests only if they come from APIM IP addresses - don't want to go down this path since APIM IP addresses can change and its a hassle to keep the list updated.
2. A client-certificate authentication mechanism - APIM will send a certificate which can then be verified by backend-server.

What I haven't been able to understand is how does APIM send the certificate? Is the certificate sent in a HTTP header or is the certificate sent in the TLS layer below HTTP?

Asking this because: I am looking for a way to not mandate backend servers to do APIM certificate authentication; i.e. APIM should send the certificate but what different backend-server's do with it, is up to them (they may choose to verify the client certificate or just allow the request without verification). For this to work, my understanding is that its best to send client-certificate from APIM as part of a custom header. If the authentication-certificate policy in APIM sends the certificate in the TLS layer, then its not necessary that the certificate will reach the backend server's application logic. For instance, in the case where the backend is a Azure app web service, then the TLS termination happens at a frontend load balancer which then forwards the certificate to the app code in a custom header X-ARR-ClientCert. Since I am dealing with different kinds of backend-servers (not only Azure App Service), sending the certificate in a custom header (which will make its way to app-code in the same header regardless of the backend server type) makes more sense.

Any thoughts on this approach and if my understanding is wrong on how client-certificates in APIM work?

Looking for some guidance here. I'd like to know how to handle the exception in this question's title. Complete error posted below the code.

SOME CONTEXT: During testing - this code block below in my python script works when there's a matching patient in the DB, but throws an exception when there's there's no matching 'patient_id' found in the DB table. I'd like to be able to handle this exception somehow. Maybe i just need to rewrite my IF-NOT statement. I need to be able to account for/handle wildcard entries from the user e.g. my DB has patient_IDs '1 thru 10'. Code works fine when '1 thru 10' is entered by the user. If user enters 11 for example, i get the exception. Need to handle it somehow.

Constructive feedback is appreciated.

How do you create a java library jar that both:

• is java module (has module-info)
• has a depending legacy (non-module) jar. (like commons-exec)?

The dependency is an implementation detail - should not be exported.

Having the following build.gradle (using gradle-6.8):

The Bezos API Mandate speaks in volumes about how externalized APIs must be designed.

However it is unclear from the points listed in the mandate as how databases for microservices are maintained.

1. Do teams (services) use a shared schema and manage data handling/processing with a separate microservice on their own (DAO service)?
2. Do teams (services) have their own isolated schemas and database engines?

Thank you!

For load testing using JMeter,

Is it mandate to do Response Assertion ? If so , is there any overhead in doing assertion ?

I am trying to define an ID for id attribute of one of the tags. The documentation and xsd schema mandates to confirm the id set with xs:id.

I tried "ID_123" that worked but when I tried "123", it did not. I googled on the options and some examples a lot but couldn't find anything besides the text written here.

Could some please provide some examples here and what characters are allowed? To my understanding, any alphanumeric characters should work but seems there should be a combination of alphabets (or the word ID?) and numbers.