bitvec | A crate for managing memory bit by bit
kandi X-RAY | bitvec Summary
kandi X-RAY | bitvec Summary
Computers operate on bytes. Memory is addressed in byte intervals, and processor registers are powers of bytes in size. Data that does not evenly fill a byte, or a power of a byte, creates inconveniences for the machine and for the programmer. bitvec removes the human-facing inconveniences by modeling memory as if it were addressed as individual bits, and registers as if they supported any width. If you need to work with data that does not evenly fill one of the fundamental register types, or if you need precise control of your in-memory representation of a buffer, or if you are merely operating on large collections of bool, then this library is the best tool available for your use.
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Trending Discussions on bitvec
QUESTION
I'm using Ubuntu 20.04.2.0-desktop-amd64 , Substrate 3.0.0
Version:
ANSWER
Answered 2021-Mar-02 at 12:20Temporary issue from an upstream care. Just do:
QUESTION
A program receives a map vars
, which maps the name and type of variables in pathCons
. Now, I want to solve this path_cons
, I designed the following parse()
function to try to implement it.
However, to make solver
identify all variables in path_cons
, I have to first declare them. But their names are recorded into a variable, so how do I implement my goal?
ANSWER
Answered 2021-Mar-19 at 16:58It's hard to understand what you're trying to achieve here. Stack-overflow works the best if you post code that people can run and see the issue you're running into.
But it seems to me that you want to create a bunch of z3 names corresponding to some notion of variables you have. To do so, simply create an array of them and use it accordingly. I'd do:
QUESTION
I have a system of equations to solve in which there is some equations of hamming weight. Hamming weight is generally the number of 1's in binary representation of a number. I tried to solve in Z3 SMT Solver, but it outputs an error stating " b'there is no current model". I am trying to find a 32-bit number with a given hamming weight and some equations.
In examples below, I am trying to find a number(0 to 2^5-1) with hamming weight equal to 3.
...ANSWER
Answered 2021-Mar-18 at 10:50It's the operator precedence in Python. This works:
QUESTION
I'm implementing a Bitvector. My question is - How do I implement the slice functionality? Here is my code (things I've tried follow after the code):
...ANSWER
Answered 2021-Feb-26 at 13:03Slice types like &str
or &[u8]
are fat pointers, containing a pointer to some data and a length. The type &[T]
is syntactic sugar for a struct resembling this:
QUESTION
I am currently trying to build a huffman encoding program and am struggling with a problem I have while traversing my generated huffman tree to create a lookup table. I decided to implement said traversal with a recursive function. In the actual implementation I use the bitvec crate to save bitsequences, but for simplicitly I will use Vec
in this post.
The idea I had was to save a collection of all codewords in the Vec
codewords
and then only save a slice out of that vector for the actual lookup table, for which I used a HashMap
.
The issue is how exactly I would solve adding a 0 or a 1 for both the left and right traversal. My idea here was to save a clone of a slice of the current sequence, append a 0 to codewords
, then append that clone to the end of codewords
after traversing to the left so that I can push a 1 and traverse to the right. The function I came up with looks like this:
ANSWER
Answered 2021-Feb-23 at 10:27The problem is that when you create a slice cur_sequence
from codewords
like you did in let cur_sequence = &codewords[(codewords.len() - 1 - height as usize)..];
, the compiler extends the lifetime of the reference to codewords
to at least the same as cur_sequence
(why: The compiler wants to ensure that the slice cur_sequence
is always valid, but if you change codewords
(say, clear it) then it's possible that cur_sequence
is invalid. By keeping an immutable reference to codewords
, then borrow rules will forbid modification of codewords
when the slice is still alive). And unfortunately you save cur_sequence
in lookup_table
, thus keeping the reference to codewords
alive all over the function, so you cannot mutably borrow codewords
anymore.
The solution is to maintain the indexes of the slice by yourself: create a struct:
QUESTION
I am trying to solve some nonlinear equation on boolean variables and at the same time I want to compute the hamming weight (i.e. involve normal addition of boolean variables).
I am using Z3 Smt Sovler & Bitvec to do so, but it seems there is some restriction on the number of monomials that can be passed into an equation.
I am therefore looking for some alternative solution;
Problem:
...ANSWER
Answered 2021-Feb-02 at 16:42This is due to the pretty-printer limiting how much it prints (to reduce voluminous output), not an internal limitation of z3.
You can raise the limit by adding the following line after from z3 import *
:
QUESTION
Based on this very helpful answer I rewrote my solver-for-a-stateful-program to use the Query
monad and an ever-increasing list of SMT variables standing for the inputs. I expected one of two outcomes from this: either the first part (generating the SMTLib output) is sped up a lot and becomes usable, or it still remains so slow that it might as well not work.
However, instead I get an error message from the SMT solver (Z3 in my case) complaining about a missing SMT variable in the SMTLib output. And looking at the output with verbose = True
, lo and behold there really is a variable that is only referred to, but not defined:
ANSWER
Answered 2020-Jul-07 at 18:29This seems to be a bug in SBV. Reporting it at the github repo is the right thing to do.
Note: Should be fixed as of this commit. Please give it a try!
QUESTION
in past i write some Z3Py code that i want now convert to C# .NetCore. I check many examples but i have some problems :-)
I have defined function with name MyFun, that accept parameter and return variable based on value. Simple example:
...ANSWER
Answered 2020-Jul-15 at 21:05It would be a regular C# function, but calling Z3's If
, not C#'s If
. Essentially you're building the abstract-syntax-tree for the expression, it just happens to be in C# as opposed to Python. Otherwise, it's the same.
QUESTION
Each time I run my project, a different order of the Z3 formulae is generated. Even though the formula is exactly the same, it is reordered in different runs and as a result, the answers attained from Z3 are different in every run. This is causing issues since I need an optimal set which should be exactly the same in each run.
For example,
- the first run is:
ANSWER
Answered 2020-Jun-18 at 21:48There are a couple of issues here. First of all, you're minimizing the sum using bvadd
, which performs machine arithmetic. That is it will overflow over the bit-vector size. (That is, the value is either 0 or 1 at all times.) To avoid this, do the addition over a larger bit-vector size:
QUESTION
In the code below I tried to add some extra information to BitVec
variable, then created some condition, and then use get_vars
to get back the x
variable but it is always different because the output of this little snippet is False
. I expected to be the same object but it seems that when x > 3
is executed, BoolRef
is created and x
is lost. Also, I expected that x.ast
would be the same as var.ast
but the instances are different.
ANSWER
Answered 2020-Jun-13 at 16:19The problem here is that as z3 processes these variables it "internalizes" them and converts them to BitVecRef
's; which no-longer produce true with the originals you had when you use the is
construct.
Unfortunately, this is quite hard-coded in the way z3 and z3py works, so you cannot really work-around it. However, if you are willing to create and keep track of a list of variables yourself, then you can effectively simulate it like this:
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