rho | Extensible text-to-html semantic markup language
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QUESTION
1. sort(arr1.begin(), arr1.end(), [](Point2f lhs, Point2f rhs) { return lhs.x
...ANSWER
Answered 2021-Jun-07 at 13:46There is a useful tool for converting short snippets of codes like that.
Notice that the free edition limits output to 100 lines per file (no limit on the number of files).
visit: https://www.tangiblesoftwaresolutions.com/product_details/cplusplus_to_csharp_converter_details.html
QUESTION
I want to create and save a number of sequential plots so I can then make an mp4 movie out of those plots. I want the color of the plot to depend on z (the value of the third axis):
The code I am using:
...ANSWER
Answered 2021-Jun-07 at 07:53The poster wants two things
- lines with colors depending on z-values
- animation of the lines over time
In order to achieve(1) one needs to cut up each line in separate segments and assign a color to each segment; in order to obtain a colorbar, we need to create a scalarmappable object that knows about the outer limits of the colors.
For achieving 2, one needs to either (a) save each frame of the animation and combine it after storing all the frames, or (b) leverage the animation module in matplotlib. I have used the latter in the example below and achieved the following:
QUESTION
I have a list that contains outputs from multiple correlation tests
...ANSWER
Answered 2021-Jun-06 at 12:28You can use [
to extract specific element.
QUESTION
I am trying to learn a custom environment using the TFAgents package. I am following the Hands-on-ML book (Code in colab see cell 129). My aim is to use DQN agent on a custom-written grid world environment.
Grid-World environment:
...ANSWER
Answered 2021-Jun-02 at 22:36You cannot use TensorSpec
with PyEnvironment
class objects, this is why your attempted solution does not work. A simple fix should be to use the original code
QUESTION
I am trying to implement a simple iterative guessing scheme within the equation
section in a model, however, I am getting the following error: No viable alternative near token: while
in OpenModelica. Is there a simple explanation to why this while-loop does not work?
ANSWER
Answered 2021-Jun-01 at 21:17Modelica has equations and algorithms. Algorithms work similarly as in most languages and allow while-loops.
Equations are always valid and unordered so if you write v_guess = v_guess*0.95;
it means that v_guess
should always have this value - which only has the solution v_guess=0
- which is likely not what you want.
You can have for-loops in equations, but that is for handling an array where each element in the array have a separate equation - written compactly.
So, if you want to write a while-loop either write it directly in an algorithm section or hide it in a function.
QUESTION
I'm using the robinhood.options.get_option_market_data API from the robin_stocks library to read information about stock options into my Python 3 program.
The documentation for this API indicates it returns a dictionary of key/value pairs
robin_stocks.robinhood.options.get_option_market_data_by_id(id,info=None)
Returns the option market data for a stock, including the greeks, open interest, change of profit, and adjusted mark price.Parameters•id(str) – The id of the stock.•info(Optional[str]) – Will filter the results to get a specific value. Returns a dictionary of key/value pairs for the stock. If info parameter is provided, the value of the key that matches info is extracted. Complete Docs - https://readthedocs.org/projects/robin-stocks/downloads/pdf/latest/
I use the following code to retrieve information about this particular option.
...ANSWER
Answered 2021-May-31 at 01:59It is returning a list of a list with a dictionary in it, albeit it is a list of a list with only one value and then one value, at least from the sample you provided in the comments.
QUESTION
I am trying to solve a 1D PDE coupled with an ODE (solved as explicit Euler). I am getting a stack-overflow error if I use small dt. I tried looking at the length of the stack but cannot figure out anything useful from there. I am not very experienced with python (old fortran numerics coder).
The code:
ANSWER
Answered 2021-May-22 at 14:26FiPy makes heavy use of lazy evaluation, so you generally only want to evaluate expressions once, rather than redefining them over and over in a loop.
The most significant changes I made are:
- calling
gradfunc()
withm.value
andmesh.x.value
to avoid a recursive buildup of an unwieldy lazy equation - replacing
R0
with a FiPyVariable
, enabling... - ...writing
eq_m
,eq_v
, andeq
only once, in terms ofR0
, which will change automatically as the problem evolves
QUESTION
I'm currently exploring the Lorenz system with Python
and R
and have noticed subtle differences in the ode
packages. odeint
from Python
and ode
both say they use lsoda
to calculate their derivatives. However, using the lsoda
command for both seems to give far different results. I have tried ode45
for the ode
function in R
to get something more similar to Python
but am wondering why I can't get exactly the same results:
ANSWER
Answered 2021-May-20 at 16:53All numerical methods that solve ODEs are approximations that work up to a given precision. The precision of the deSolve solvers is set to atol=1e-6, rtol=1e-6
by default, where atol
is absolute and rtol
is relative tolerance. Furthermore, ode45
has some additional parameters to fine-tune the automatic step size algorithm, and it can make use of interpolation.
To increase tolerance, set for example:
QUESTION
I have a python code (example from Cantera.org) that uses scipy.integrate.ode to solve a system of ODE. The code works fine and the results are reasnoable. However, I noticed something about the ode solver that does not make sense to me.
I have a put a print function inside (print("t inside ODE function", t)
) the function the calculates the derivative vector (__call__(self, t, y)
), and outside that function in the while loop (print("t outside ODE function", solver.t);
).
I expect that inside print has to be called when the solver does the time integration, and then the outside print is called. In other words, two "t outside ODE function"
cannot appear right after another without "t inside ODE function"
in between. However, this occurs in some of iterations in the while loop, which mean the solver does the integration without calculating the derivatives.
I am wondering how this is possible
...ANSWER
Answered 2021-May-16 at 18:49The solver has an adaptive step size. Which means that it proceeds in internal steps that are adapted to the given error tolerances. In the segment from one step point to the next, the solution values get interpolated. Thus it can happen that a sequence of the external steps of the time loop falls into the same internal segment. If you set the error tolerances to smaller levels as the default ones, it can happen that the situation reverses, that several internal steps are required per external value request.
QUESTION
This may be more of a math question than numpy, so I'm not sure, this may need to be posted on Cross Validated instead.
Problem descriptionI am using numpy's function np.random.multivariate_normal()
to produce randomized, correlated data. I want to have 5 correlated variables, each distributed standard normal. I believe my covariance matrix is correctly specified, with diagonals equal to 1.0 and the inner values being my desired correlations. The generated data consistently have the correct mean of 0, but the standard deviation is unpredictable.
Here is a reproducible code example:
...ANSWER
Answered 2021-May-13 at 21:41Not sure if this is the thing causing your problem, but the covariance matrix of a multivariate normal is positive semidefinite, whilst rho
here has a negative eigenvalue and hence is not.
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