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I am currently trying to calculate the length of disasters, measured in days, and then with this column that is the difference between the start date and end date, use groupby ( I think), in order to sum the length of disasters for each year, as my data set is from 1960 to present. Eventually, I'd like to also group it by disaster type as well to see how the length of particular disasters changed overtime, but one step at a time.

So far I have converted the dates to pd.datetime format, and then used the code below to create the column with the difference of the two dates

I have a data.frame with a column containing California counties in each cell separated by a space. I would like to add a comma and space after each one, however I can't just gsub every space into a comma and space, (i.e. gsub("\s",",\s",text)), as some counties in California have two names, (e.g. Los Angeles, San Francisco, etc.)

Fortunately, the two-word counties all have common first words so I'd like to write a gsub that preserves the space in those counties without adding a comma. I've attached example data as well as what I'd like the final form to look like. For instance, with this data, I'd like to add a comma and space except after "El", "San" and "Del".

Example data: