g2 | A 2d graphics

We can create range of colours for each Group then match on order of Family. You might need to play around with colours to make the difference more prominent:

This is a two-part question:

• what priors should I use for a multivariate random effect where the likelihood is concentrated at small values? (I am assuming that this is the reason you are looking for an alternative to the default inverse Wishart priors) [more suitable for CrossValidated]
• which of these are available in MCMCglmm, and how do I implement them there? [good for Stack Overflow]

The general trick is to decompose the covariance matrix into a multivariate component (the correlation matrix or inverse correlation matrix or something) and a vector of scaling parameters for the standard deviations (or inverse standard deviations); Lemoine suggests U(0,100) for the scaling priors, which I think is bad (why flat? I can't get to the precise page of Gelman and Hill 2007 where they discuss which distribution to use for scaling priors ... but I would be a little surprised if they actually recommended a uniform distribution on the variance scale ...)

update having actually looked at your code (!): I think you're doing the right thing, except that nu=0.002 seems really extreme; see end for that discussion.

This is basically what MCMCglmm does, but it uses a different (IMO better) choice for the scaling priors. It sounds scary:

These priors are all from the non-central scaled F-distribution, which implies the prior for the standard deviation is a non-central folded scaled t-distribution (Gelman, 2006).

but it boils down to choosing four parameters, only two of which you really have to think about.

• V: the prior mean variance (or the prior mean covariance matrix, if you have a multivariate random effect term). According to the course notes, "without loss of generality V can be set to one" (or in the case of a multivariate model, to an identity matrix)
• alpha.mu: we almost always want this to be zero (or as in your example, a vector of zeros); that way the prior for the standard deviation will be a Student t distribution. (There may be a use case for alpha.mu != 0, but I've never run across it.)
• alpha.V: with V set to 1 (or an identity matrix), this is the prior mean of the covariance matrix. A diagonal matrix with a reasonable scale for your problem is a good choice
• nu: the shape parameter; as nu → ∞ we get a half-Normal prior for the standard deviations, with nu=1 we get a Cauchy distribution. Smaller values have fatter tails (less conservative/allowing broader samples, but also giving more danger of weird sampling behaviour in the tails).

For the univariate case Hadfield says the t prior with V=1 is

It's not about Swagger your code is missing AddAuthentication(). The example below registers the Authentication schemes (JWT & Cookie) while using the JWT as the default scheme. More info in the Docuementation.

Maybe you can try crossprod like below

quad will require a continuous function as input. Since your data is discrete you should use discrete convolution from numpy.convolve

We can do a group by operation i.e. grouped by 'gene', check if all the 'a', 'b' are found in the 'strain' where the 'pres_abs' value is 0 and to avoid getting the 1 values in pres_abs, create a second condition i.e. 'pres_abs' as 0

try to REPT it by force indirectly:

I found the answer, my method is to increase the Ansat number of reps from 5 to 7.

from solving TSP 4 node problem

You don't really need regex to find the string, you can try: