hierarchy | Use PostgreSQL LTREE type with ActiveRecord | Object-Relational Mapping library

I have a large text from which heading strings have been extracted using regex. The headings start with from 1-6 hashtags (#). Here is an example of the input array:

This code parses $string as I'd like:

Background
I have a complex nested JSON object, which I am trying to unpack into a pandas df in a very specific way.

JSON Object
this is an extract, containing randomized data of the JSON object, which shows examples of the hierarchy (inc. children) for 1x family (i.e. 'Falconer Family'), however there is 100s of them in total and this extract just has 1x family, however the full JSON object has multiple -

What is the point of making Functor a super class of Applicative and Monad. Both Applicative and Monad immediately imply the only implementation of Functor that abides by the laws as far as I can tell. But rather I have to type out the same implementation of Functor every time. Is there a way to avoid doing this?

Further more Monad implies the only implementation of Applicative that abides by the laws so why make Applicative a super class of Monad? Again it makes implementing Applicative for new data types redundant.

Is there a way to make a Monad without having to implement Applicative and Functor (as its operations are already the most general). And to make an Applicative without having to implement Functor.

I see the benefit of the class hierarchy as what I just said explains the "is a" relation between them. But at the same time having to implement each is annoying. I just want to define return and >>= and get all the operations of all 3 back.

I am using quite large notebooks in JupyterLab to run Python code. They contain many Markdown cells with text and some images. The problem I am having is that when I close the Notebook and reopen, some of these cells have collapsed and can't be expanded (show as a horizontal line). Sometimes I will get a message telling me how many cells are hidden but they can't be expanded. Others seem to have disappeared completely.

Occasionally, I can get some cells to expand if I reload the page. I thought it may have been because I had lots of Markdown header levels and those too far down the hierarchy were collapsing. However, even removing many of the header levels has not solved the problem.

Have others had this issue and has anyone been able to resolve it? Thanks!

Edit: Thank you Vinson. My Jupyter Version is Version 3.1.7, running on Google Chrome (Version 92.0.4515.159 (Official Build) (64-bit)), on Windows machine.

I have two apps in go language. user_management app, which I run (docker-compose up --build) first, then I run(docker-compose up --build) sport_app. sport_app is dependent from user_management app.

sport_app Dockerfile file as below.

I'm using a Java Agent (Agent.class) to transform a method in a program (Program.class) in a way that includes a call to the Agent class.

I have the following, working, code:

I am new to C++. Below is code to input and display an array -- a simple thing to understand how things work.