Arithmetics | compatible arithmetics package | Math library
kandi X-RAY | Arithmetics Summary
kandi X-RAY | Arithmetics Summary
Hastlayer-compatible arithmetics package. Includes the .NET implementation of the unum and posit number formats that can be transformed into specialized hardware with Hastlayer (https://hastlayer.com). On unum and posit see: https://posithub.org/.
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QUESTION
I'm trying to make an online game where I want to simulate a world that is connected in all directions, just like "PAC-MAN" does. When the player crosses the boundaries of the map he would be in the other side of the grid.
So far so good, I managed to build a server that holds a 10x10 matrix, (I attach some images as a reference), and using some modular-arithmetics it calculates and sends to the client the corresponding tiles of the map given the player's position.
So assuming "view_distance = 2" for example, the server sends the corresponding tiles based on the player's position:
I think I made my point, now lets face my problem.
When the client gets the list of tiles to render from the server, it needs to calculate the distance to the player (unit-vector) for each tile so it can instance it in the right place. Every instanced tile has a script that recalculates the distance to the player every time he moves so it destroys itself when it is farther than the "view_distance".
So for example, if I the client is in the position (9,5) the unit-vector of the tile (7,7) would be (-2,2)
The client has the following information:
- The tile where he's standing:
Globals.PlayerInfo.PlayerPosition
- The lenght of the map:
Globals.MAP_LENGHT
(in this case it's 10) - The view distance:
Globals.DATA_DISTANCE
(in this case it's 2)
How do i calculate the unit-vector? I made the following function but it doesn't seem to work. Am I missing something?
...ANSWER
Answered 2021-Apr-27 at 08:30You say it yourself, the grid is connected in all directions
. So since your grid is "infinite" every position exists an "infinite" amount of times. What you are looking for is not one distance between two points but actually the smallest one out of multiple possibilities.
No worries, though ;) It is fully enough to check once into each direction (up, down, left, right) and chose the smallest of the resulting distances in these direction since any other one will be further away anyways.
As only one example what I am talking about. Lets say
- the player is at
1,1
(red) - the enemy is at
8,2
(blue)
so if we want to get the minimum distance on the X axis we simply check in both directions, to the left and to the right.
In this case finding the next position to the left is trivial: It is the actual player position x = 1
.
Now what do we to towards the right? → We simply virtually extend the grid (light-grey) and map the player position to where it would be in that extended grid → x = 11
(light-red).
Here is an image to visualize it better
In the code this might look like e.g.
QUESTION
The implementation of emulated atomics in openCL following the STREAM blog works nicely for atomic add in 32bit, on CPU as well as NVIDIA and AMD GPUs.
The 64bit equivalent based on the cl_khr_int64_base_atomics
extension seems to run properly on (pocl and intel) CPU as well as NVIDIA openCL drivers.
I fail to make 64bit work on AMD GPU cards though -- both on amdgpu-pro and rocm (3.5.0) environments, running on a Radeon VII and a Radeon Instinct MI50, respectively.
The implementation goes as follows:
...ANSWER
Answered 2021-Apr-22 at 11:41For 64-bit, the function is called atom_cmpxchg
and not atomic_cmpxchg
.
QUESTION
I have an array of unsigned 8 bit integer, however the length of this array can be higher than 255. I want to use pointer arithmetics instead of array indexing.
Can someone explain me if the following code is acceptable or not? My doubt is that the ind
variable has a different type with respect to buff
and this might be seen as bad programming.
ANSWER
Answered 2021-Apr-16 at 07:38array indexing is already pointer arithmetic as buff[i]
is defined as *(buff+i)
. But the former is easier to read (and understand).
I also do not understand that whole 255 limit as the maximum value for an array index has nothing to do with the type of the array, only with its size.
An array index is always of type size_t
which is an unsigned integer type able to hold any possible array index. If you use any other integer type as the index, the compiler will silently convert that value to a size_t
.
So no you do not need to use uint8_t
to do arithmetic on a uint8_t*
.
QUESTION
I am on a x32-based processor where char = 1 byte, short = 2 bytes and int = 4 bytes
.
When I create an array of type char
with 20
elements in it, I expect to see 20 memory spaces allocated to that array with the addresses differing by only 1 byte
because of the type of the array.
If I take two consecutive elements from the array and subtract their addresses, should I then not get 1
in this case?
And in the case of arrays with types short
and int
, I am expecting to get 2
and 4
. This due to the fact that the short
and int
elements need be aligned in memory. short elements
will be on even addresses (diff 2) and int elements
will be on addresses divisible by 4.
Though, how come when I run the following code I get 1,1,1
and not 1,2,4
?
I suspect I am missing some cruical detail when it comes to pointer arithmetics.
...ANSWER
Answered 2021-Apr-16 at 16:21Pointer subtraction yields the result as difference in the indexes, not the size of the gap between the addresses.
Quoting C11
, chapter 6.5.6, (emphasis mine)
When two pointers are subtracted, both shall point to elements of the same array object, or one past the last element of the array object; the result is the difference of the subscripts of the two array elements. [...]
QUESTION
I am testing some programs involving arithmetics in Clingo 5.0.0 and I don't understand why the below program is unsatisfiable:
...ANSWER
Answered 2021-Apr-14 at 09:40I fear there are quite some misunderstandings about ASP here.
- You can not assign values to predicates (
value(a,b,c)=1.5
). Predicates form atoms, that can be true or false (contained in an answer set or not). - I assume that your last rule shall derive the atom go(X,Y,Z). Rules do work the other way around, what is derived is on the left hand side.
- There is no floating point arithmetic possible, you would have to scale your values up to integers.
Your problem might look like this, but this is just groping in the dark:
QUESTION
I use Maven on my test project and I wanted to test test
option in Maven's lifecycle, but my JUnit test failed. I have a class named Arithmetics
in src.main.java
package and a class named ArithmeticsTest
in src.test.java
package.
When I run ArithmeticsTest
on my own using IntelliJ IDEA everything works OK, and I have expected java.lang.AssertionError
, so why I don't have such when I run test option in maven?
Console output:
T E S T SResults : Tests run: 0, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0
src.main.java.Arithmetics.java
...ANSWER
Answered 2021-Apr-04 at 09:16There are three wrong things I can spot based on your question, while they might not provide a complete answer I hope they'll will be a step in a right direction:
src/main/java
andsrc/test/java
is not a package as you write. Its a folder layout supported by maven, basically , if you have a code incom.myorg.somepackage.Arithmetics
Make sure you have the following layout at the level of actual physical folders:
QUESTION
I use maven
on my test project and I wanted to test test
option in maven's lifecycle, but I don't get my JUnit
test failed.
I have class
named Arithmetics in src.main.java
package and class
named ArithmeticsTest in src.test.java
package.
When I run ArithmeticsTest on my own using IntelliJ Idea everuthing OK, and I have expected java.lang.AssertionError
, so why I don't have such when I run test option in maven?
Console output:
T E S T S
Running ArithmeticsTest Configuring TestNG with: org.apache.maven.surefire.testng.conf.TestNG652Configurator@44e81672 Tests run: 0, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 0.438 sec Results : Tests run: 0, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0
src.main.java.Arithmetics.java
...ANSWER
Answered 2021-Apr-04 at 08:16You have configured maven to use TestNG but you are using JUnit annotations (org.junit.Test
) and assertions (org.junit.Assert.*
).
Remove TestNG from your dependencies and it should work.
QUESTION
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
pd.DataFrame(
{'a':[0,1,2,3],
'b':[np.nan, np.nan, np.nan,3]}
).apply(lambda x: x> 1)
...ANSWER
Answered 2021-Mar-26 at 11:40Use DataFrame.mask
or DataFrame.where
with DataFrame.isna
or DataFrame.notna
:
QUESTION
I would like to run some 100k+ simulations with some millions of data points, which are represented as decimals. I choose decimals over floats for floating point accuracy and ease of unit testing my logic (since 0.1 + 0.1 + 0.1
does not equal 0.3 with floats...).
My hope was to speed up the simulations by using PyPy. But during my testing I encountered that PyPy does not handle decimal.Decimal
or even _pydecimal.Decimal
well at all - and gets dramatically slower than the CPython interpreter (which uses C for decimal.Decimal
arithmetics). So I copy/pasted my whole codebase and replaced all Decimal
s with float
s and the performance increase was huge: x60-x70 times faster with PyPy than CPython - with the sacrifice of accuracy.
Are there any solutions to use Decimals precision in PyPy with the performance benefit? I "could" maintain two codebases: float
for batch running the 100k simulations, Decimal
for inspecting the interesting results later - but this bears the overhead of maintaining two codebases...
Here are some simple tests I ran on a Raspberry Pi 4 (Ubuntu Server 20.10, 4 x 1.5GHZ ARM Cortex-A72, 8GB RAM)
for reproduction:
test_decimal.py
...ANSWER
Answered 2021-Mar-16 at 07:04From this issue in PyPy, the _pydecimal
and decimal
results should be equivalent in PyPy, since they are using the same code path. Multiplication/division in _pydecimal
on PyPy with the JIT is about 8x slower than the C-based version in CPython, addition/subtraction is roughly equivalent.
QUESTION
I recently started learning using flex and bison together for a project I am doing. Program is about interval arithmetics. It takes 2 values with either open or closed brackets, then prints out the interval of array that is defined in the bison file. This is the flex file:
...ANSWER
Answered 2021-Mar-09 at 16:02sepp2k got it right in his or her comment: The grammar is single "statement" only.
To be able to handle multiple lines or "statements" you need to use recursive rules like
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