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QUESTION
I know that gforth stores characters as their codepoints in the stack, but the material I'm learning from doesn't show any word that helps to convert each character to codepoint.
I also want to sum the codepoints of the string. What should I use to do that?
...ANSWER
Answered 2020-Nov-06 at 08:29Characters and code points are not distinguishable in Forth. I.e., there is no way to get a character that is not a code point.
In Forth you can distinguish primitive characters (ASCII) and extended characters (Unicode).
See also Extended-Character word set:
Extended characters are stored in memory encoded as one or more primitive characters (pchars).
To read a primitive character (ASCII or pchar, usually an octet), we use c@ ( c-addr -- char )
QUESTION
(I'm following this pytorch tutorial about BERT word embeddings, and in the tutorial the author is access the intermediate layers of the BERT model.)
What I want is to access the last, lets say, 4 last layers of a single input token of the BERT model in TensorFlow2 using HuggingFace's Transformers library. Because each layer outputs a vector of length 768, so the last 4 layers will have a shape of 4*768=3072
(for each token).
How can I implement this in TF/keras/TF2, to get the intermediate layers of pretrained model for an input token? (later I will try to get the tokens for each token in a sentence, but for now one token is enough).
I'm using the HuggingFace's BERT model:
...ANSWER
Answered 2020-Apr-29 at 00:12The third element of the BERT model's output is a tuple which consists of output of embedding layer as well as the intermediate layers hidden states. From documentation:
hidden_states (
tuple(tf.Tensor)
, optional, returned whenconfig.output_hidden_states=True
): tuple oftf.Tensor
(one for the output of the embeddings + one for the output of each layer) of shape(batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size)
.Hidden-states of the model at the output of each layer plus the initial embedding outputs.
For the bert-base-uncased
model, the config.output_hidden_states
is by default True
. Therefore, to access hidden states of the 12 intermediate layers, you can do the following:
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