STRIDE | Species Tree Root Inference from Gene Duplication Events | Genomics library

 by   davidemms Python Version: Current License: Non-SPDX

kandi X-RAY | STRIDE Summary

kandi X-RAY | STRIDE Summary

STRIDE is a Python library typically used in Artificial Intelligence, Genomics applications. STRIDE has no bugs, it has build file available and it has low support. However STRIDE has 1 vulnerabilities and it has a Non-SPDX License. You can download it from GitHub.

The correct interpretation of a phylogenetic tree is dependent on it being correctly rooted. STRIDE takes an unrooted species tree and a set of unrooted gene trees and identifies well-supported gene duplication events within the gene trees to infer the root of the species tree. A gene duplication event at the base of a clade of species is synapamorphic, and thus excludes the root of the species tree from that clade. STRIDE is a fast, effective, and outgroup-free method for species tree root inference from gene duplication events. On test datasets on a typical 4 core desktop it analysed 14,454 gene trees covering 47 species in ~25s. Test datasets together with a script to run all the datasets can be downloaded from .
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            kandi-support Support

              STRIDE has a low active ecosystem.
              It has 4 star(s) with 2 fork(s). There are 2 watchers for this library.
              OutlinedDot
              It had no major release in the last 6 months.
              There are 0 open issues and 5 have been closed. On average issues are closed in 201 days. There are no pull requests.
              It has a neutral sentiment in the developer community.
              The latest version of STRIDE is current.

            kandi-Quality Quality

              STRIDE has no bugs reported.

            kandi-Security Security

              STRIDE has 1 vulnerability issues reported (0 critical, 1 high, 0 medium, 0 low).

            kandi-License License

              STRIDE has a Non-SPDX License.
              Non-SPDX licenses can be open source with a non SPDX compliant license, or non open source licenses, and you need to review them closely before use.

            kandi-Reuse Reuse

              STRIDE releases are not available. You will need to build from source code and install.
              Build file is available. You can build the component from source.

            Top functions reviewed by kandi - BETA

            kandi has reviewed STRIDE and discovered the below as its top functions. This is intended to give you an instant insight into STRIDE implemented functionality, and help decide if they suit your requirements.
            • Main function
            • Creates a new working directory
            • Return a set of all nodes in the tree
            • Analyze species tree
            • Calculate PSD of O_D
            • Calculates the log - likelihood of the log - likelihood distribution
            • Compute P_O_O_T
            • Logfactorial
            • R Calculates the PSD for the O_D
            • Return the logarithm of the objective function
            • Compute the derivative of the polynomial term
            Get all kandi verified functions for this library.

            STRIDE Key Features

            No Key Features are available at this moment for STRIDE.

            STRIDE Examples and Code Snippets

            Compute the mesh stride .
            pythondot img1Lines of Code : 6dot img1License : Non-SPDX (Apache License 2.0)
            copy iconCopy
            def _compute_mesh_strides(mesh_dims: List[MeshDimension]) -> List[int]:
              strides = [1]
              for idx, dim in enumerate(reversed(mesh_dims[1:])):
                strides.append(strides[idx] * dim.size)
              strides.reverse()
              return strides  

            Community Discussions

            QUESTION

            How to calculate the f1-score?
            Asked 2021-Jun-14 at 07:07

            I have a pyTorch-code to train a model that should be able to detect placeholder-images among product-images. I didn't write the code by myself as I am very unexperienced with CNNs and Machine Learning.

            My boss told me to calculate the f1-score for that model and i found out that the formula for that is ((precision * recall)/(precision + recall)) but I don't know how I get precision and recall. Is someone able to tell me how I can get those two parameters from that following code? (Sorry for the long piece of code, but I didn't really know what is necessary and what isn't)

            ...

            ANSWER

            Answered 2021-Jun-13 at 15:17

            You can use sklearn to calculate f1_score

            Source https://stackoverflow.com/questions/67959327

            QUESTION

            How can I load all entries of a Vec of arbitrary length onto the stack?
            Asked 2021-Jun-13 at 11:36

            I am currently working with vectors and trying to ensure I have what is essentially an array of my vector on the stack. I cannot call Vec::into_boxed_slice since I am dynamically allocating space in my Vec. Is this at all possible?

            Having read the Rustonomicon on how to implement Vec, it seems to stride over pointers on the heap, dereferencing at each entry. I want to chunk in Vec entries from the heap into the stack for fast access.

            ...

            ANSWER

            Answered 2021-Feb-02 at 02:09

            You can use the unsized_locals feature in nightly Rust:

            Source https://stackoverflow.com/questions/66002645

            QUESTION

            Input_shape in 3D CNN
            Asked 2021-Jun-11 at 21:50

            I have a dataset of 100000 binary 3D arrays of shape (6, 4, 4) so the shape of my input is (10000, 6, 4, 4). I'm trying to set up a 3D Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) using Keras; however, there seems to be a problem with the input_shape that I enter. My first layer is:

            ...

            ANSWER

            Answered 2021-Jun-11 at 21:50

            Example with dummy data:

            Source https://stackoverflow.com/questions/67942845

            QUESTION

            How to read this modified unet?
            Asked 2021-Jun-11 at 17:50
            import numpy as np
            import torch
            import torch.nn as nn
            import torch.nn.functional as F
            import torchvision
            from PIL import Image
            import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
            
            class Model_Down(nn.Module):
                """
                Convolutional (Downsampling) Blocks.
            
                nd = Number of Filters
                kd = Kernel size
            
                """
                def __init__(self,in_channels, nd = 128, kd = 3, padding = 1, stride = 2):
                    super(Model_Down,self).__init__()
                    self.padder = nn.ReflectionPad2d(padding)
                    self.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(in_channels = in_channels, out_channels = nd, kernel_size = kd, stride = stride)
                    self.bn1 = nn.BatchNorm2d(nd)
            
                    self.conv2 = nn.Conv2d(in_channels = nd, out_channels = nd, kernel_size = kd, stride = 1)
                    self.bn2 = nn.BatchNorm2d(nd)
            
                    self.relu = nn.LeakyReLU()
            
                def forward(self, x):
                    x = self.padder(x)
                    x = self.conv1(x)
                    x = self.bn1(x)
                    x = self.relu(x)
                    x = self.padder(x)
                    x = self.conv2(x)
                    x = self.bn2(x)
                    x = self.relu(x)
                    return x
            
            ...

            ANSWER

            Answered 2021-Jun-11 at 17:50

            Here is a functional equivalent of the main Model forward(x) method. It is much more verbose, but it is "unravelling" the flow of operations, making it more easily understandable.

            I assumed that the length of the list-arguments are always 5 (i is in the [0, 4] range, inclusive) so I could unpack properly (and it follows the default set of parameters).

            Source https://stackoverflow.com/questions/67936380

            QUESTION

            Pytorch Inferencing form the model is giving me different results every time
            Asked 2021-Jun-11 at 09:55

            I have created and trained one very simple network in pytorch as shown below:

            ...

            ANSWER

            Answered 2021-Jun-11 at 09:55

            I suspect this is due to you not having set the model to inference mode with

            Source https://stackoverflow.com/questions/67934643

            QUESTION

            Why does unet have classes?
            Asked 2021-Jun-11 at 09:42
            import torch
            import torch.nn as nn
            import torch.nn.functional as F
            
            
            class double_conv(nn.Module):
                '''(conv => BN => ReLU) * 2'''
                def __init__(self, in_ch, out_ch):
                    super(double_conv, self).__init__()
                    self.conv = nn.Sequential(
                        nn.Conv2d(in_ch, out_ch, 3, padding=1),
                        nn.BatchNorm2d(out_ch),
                        nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
                        nn.Conv2d(out_ch, out_ch, 3, padding=1),
                        nn.BatchNorm2d(out_ch),
                        nn.ReLU(inplace=True)
                    )
            
                def forward(self, x):
                    x = self.conv(x)
                    return x
            
            
            class inconv(nn.Module):
                def __init__(self, in_ch, out_ch):
                    super(inconv, self).__init__()
                    self.conv = double_conv(in_ch, out_ch)
            
                def forward(self, x):
                    x = self.conv(x)
                    return x
            
            
            class down(nn.Module):
                def __init__(self, in_ch, out_ch):
                    super(down, self).__init__()
                    self.mpconv = nn.Sequential(
                        nn.MaxPool2d(2),
                        double_conv(in_ch, out_ch)
                    )
            
                def forward(self, x):
                    x = self.mpconv(x)
                    return x
            
            
            class up(nn.Module):
                def __init__(self, in_ch, out_ch, bilinear=True):
                    super(up, self).__init__()
            
                    #  would be a nice idea if the upsampling could be learned too,
                    #  but my machine do not have enough memory to handle all those weights
                    if bilinear:
                        self.up = nn.Upsample(scale_factor=2, mode='bilinear', align_corners=True)
                    else:
                        self.up = nn.ConvTranspose2d(in_ch//2, in_ch//2, 2, stride=2)
            
                    self.conv = double_conv(in_ch, out_ch)
            
                def forward(self, x1, x2):
                    x1 = self.up(x1)
                    diffX = x1.size()[2] - x2.size()[2]
                    diffY = x1.size()[3] - x2.size()[3]
                    x2 = F.pad(x2, (diffX // 2, int(diffX / 2),
                                    diffY // 2, int(diffY / 2)))
                    x = torch.cat([x2, x1], dim=1)
                    x = self.conv(x)
                    return x
            
            
            class outconv(nn.Module):
                def __init__(self, in_ch, out_ch):
                    super(outconv, self).__init__()
                    self.conv = nn.Conv2d(in_ch, out_ch, 1)
            
                def forward(self, x):
                    x = self.conv(x)
                    return x
            
            
            class UNet(nn.Module):
                def __init__(self, n_channels, n_classes):
                    super(UNet, self).__init__()
                    self.inc = inconv(n_channels, 64)
                    self.down1 = down(64, 128)
                    self.down2 = down(128, 256)
                    self.down3 = down(256, 512)
                    self.down4 = down(512, 512)
                    self.up1 = up(1024, 256)
                    self.up2 = up(512, 128)
                    self.up3 = up(256, 64)
                    self.up4 = up(128, 64)
                    self.outc = outconv(64, n_classes)
            
                def forward(self, x):
                    self.x1 = self.inc(x)
                    self.x2 = self.down1(self.x1)
                    self.x3 = self.down2(self.x2)
                    self.x4 = self.down3(self.x3)
                    self.x5 = self.down4(self.x4)
                    self.x6 = self.up1(self.x5, self.x4)
                    self.x7 = self.up2(self.x6, self.x3)
                    self.x8 = self.up3(self.x7, self.x2)
                    self.x9 = self.up4(self.x8, self.x1)
                    self.y = self.outc(self.x9)
                    return self.y
            
            ...

            ANSWER

            Answered 2021-Jun-11 at 09:42
            Answer

            Does n_classes signify multiclass segmentation?

            Yes, if you specify n_classes=4 it will output a (batch, 4, width, height) shaped tensor, where each pixel can be segmented as one of 4 classes. Also one should use torch.nn.CrossEntropyLoss for training.

            If so, what is the output of binary UNet segmentation?

            If you want to use binary segmentation you'd specify n_classes=1 (either 0 for black or 1 for white) and use torch.nn.BCEWithLogitsLoss

            I am trying to use this code for image denoising and I couldn't figure out what will should the n_classes parameter be

            It should be equal to n_channels, usually 3 for RGB or 1 for grayscale. If you want to teach this model to denoise an image you should:

            • Add some noise to the image (e.g. using torchvision.transforms)
            • Use sigmoid activation at the end as the pixels will have value between 0 and 1 (unless normalized)
            • Use torch.nn.MSELoss for training
            Why sigmoid?

            Because [0,255] pixel range is represented as [0, 1] pixel value (without normalization at least). sigmoid does exactly that - squashes value into [0, 1] range, hence linear outputs (logits) can have a range from -inf to +inf.

            Why not a linear output and a clamp?

            In order for the Linear layer to be in [0, 1] range after clamp possible output values from Linear would have to be greater than 0 (logits range to fit the target: [0, +inf])

            Why not a linear output without a clamp?

            Logits outputted would have to be within [0, 1] range

            Why not some other method?

            You could do that, but the idea of sigmoid is:

            • help neural network (any logit value can be outputted)
            • first derivative of sigmoid is gaussian standard normal, hence it models the probability of many real-life occurring phenomena (see also here for more)

            Source https://stackoverflow.com/questions/67932624

            QUESTION

            AttributeError: The layer has never been called and thus has no defined output shape
            Asked 2021-Jun-09 at 00:49

            I am trying to define a model happyModel()

            ...

            ANSWER

            Answered 2021-May-25 at 18:51

            In your model definition, there's an issue with the following layer:

            Source https://stackoverflow.com/questions/67693712

            QUESTION

            GoogleNet Implantation ValueError: Error when checking model target: the list of Numpy arrays that you are passing to your model is not the size
            Asked 2021-Jun-08 at 08:22

            I am trying to implement GoogleNet inception network to classify images for classification project that I am working on, I used the same code before but with AlexNet network and the training was fine, but once I changed the network to GoogleNet architecture the code kept throwing the following error:

            ...

            ANSWER

            Answered 2021-Jun-08 at 08:22

            GoogleNet is different than Alexnet, in GoogleNet your model has 3 outputs, 1 main and 2 auxiliary outputs connected in intermediate layers during training:

            Source https://stackoverflow.com/questions/67869346

            QUESTION

            Trouble understanding behaviour of modified VGG16 forward method (Pytorch)
            Asked 2021-Jun-07 at 14:13

            I have modified VGG16 in pytorch to insert things like BN and dropout within the feature extractor. By chance I now noticed something strange when I changed the definition of the forward method from:

            ...

            ANSWER

            Answered 2021-Jun-07 at 14:13

            I can't run your code, but I believe the issue is because linear layers expect 2d data input (as it is really a matrix multiplication), while you provide 4d input (with dims 2 and 3 of size 1).

            Please try squeeze

            Source https://stackoverflow.com/questions/67870887

            QUESTION

            Convert yolov4-tiny to transflow lite: ValueError: cannot reshape array of size 374698 into shape (256,256,3,3)
            Asked 2021-Jun-06 at 17:21

            As I try to covert my yolov4-tiny custom weight to tftile, it always happen.

            This is what I input:

            ...

            ANSWER

            Answered 2021-Jun-06 at 14:03
            Short answer

            You have to add --tiny to the command. Which, from the command you gave in the question, will be.

            Source https://stackoverflow.com/questions/67847881

            Community Discussions, Code Snippets contain sources that include Stack Exchange Network

            Vulnerabilities

            No vulnerabilities reported

            Install STRIDE

            You can download it from GitHub.
            You can use STRIDE like any standard Python library. You will need to make sure that you have a development environment consisting of a Python distribution including header files, a compiler, pip, and git installed. Make sure that your pip, setuptools, and wheel are up to date. When using pip it is generally recommended to install packages in a virtual environment to avoid changes to the system.

            Support

            For any new features, suggestions and bugs create an issue on GitHub. If you have any questions check and ask questions on community page Stack Overflow .
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            https://github.com/davidemms/STRIDE.git

          • CLI

            gh repo clone davidemms/STRIDE

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            git@github.com:davidemms/STRIDE.git

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