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QUESTION
So, I'm a very amateur python programmer but hope all I'll explain makes sense.
I want to scrape a type of Financial document called "10-K". I'm just interested in a little part of the whole document. An example of the URL I try to scrape is: https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/320193/0000320193-20-000096.txt
Now, if I download this document as a .txt, It "only" weights 12mb. So for my ignorance doesn't make much sense this takes 1-2 min to .read()
(even I got a decent PC).
The original code I was using:
...ANSWER
Answered 2021-Jun-13 at 18:07The time it takes to read a document over the internet is really not related to the speed of your computer, at least in most cases. The most important determinant is the speed of your internet connection. Another important determinant is the speed with which the remote server responds to your request, which will depend in part on how many other requests the remote server is currently trying to handle.
It's also possible that the slow-down is not due to either of the above causes, but rather to measures taken by the remote server to limit scraping or to avoid congestion. It's very common for servers to deliberately reduce responsiveness to clients which make frequent requests, or even to deny the requests entirely. Or to reduce the speed of data transmission to everyone, which is another way of controlling server load. In that case, there's not much you're going to be able to do to speed up reading the requests.
From my machine, it takes a bit under 30 seconds to download the 12MB document. Since I'm in Perú it's possible that the speed of the internet connection is a factor, but I suspect that it's not the only issue. However, the data transmission does start reasonably quickly.
If the problem were related to the speed of data transfer between your machine and the server, you could speed things up by using a streaming parser (a phrase you can search for). A streaming parser reads its input in small chunks and assembles them on the fly into tokens, which is basically what you are trying to do. But the streaming parser will deal transparently with the most difficult part, which is to avoid tokens being split between two chunks. However, the nature of the SEC document, which taken as a whole is not very pure HTML, might make it difficult to use standard tools.
Since the part of the document you want to analyse is well past the middle, at least in the example you presented, you won't be able to reduce the download time by much. But that might still be worthwhile.
The basic approach you describe is workable, but you'll need to change it a bit in order to cope with the search strings being split between chunks, as you noted. The basic idea is to append successive chunks until you find the string, rather than just looking at them one at a time.
I'd suggest first identifying the entire document and then deciding whether it's the document you want. That reduces the search issue to a single string, the document terminator (\n\n
; the newlines are added to reduce the possibility of false matches).
Here's a very crude implementation, which I suggest you take as an example rather than just copying it into your program. The function docs
yields successive complete documents from a url; the caller can use that to select the one they want. (In the sample code, the first matching document is used, although there are actually two matches in the complete file. If you want all matches, then you will have to read the entire input, in which case you won't have any speed-up at all, although you might still have some savings from not having to parse everything.)
QUESTION
Good afternoon. I am new to ruby and trying to build my first application. I am using sqlite database and rails 5.0. I have a model called Person that has the first name, last name and date of birth as attributes. On the page where I list people I want to add the age of the people and obtain an average of the ages of the people
My controller looks like this:
...ANSWER
Answered 2021-Jun-11 at 06:13The easiest way to implement what you're asking is to do the operation within the view. This kind of breaks MVC but it's the fastest.
QUESTION
I am new to Ruby and I am working on an application where I have a model called Person which has a date of birth.
My goal is to sort all instances of the model starting from the date of birth. But only order by months for example
Javier 10/5/1994
Luke 10/5/1995
Matias 6/10/1993
I am using sqlite as a database and I don't really understand how to achieve it.
My view:
@people = Person.order (: date_birth)
How can I set the month on the date of birth to order it by itself?
Thank you and forgive my ignorance.
...ANSWER
Answered 2021-Jun-10 at 16:45@people = Person.order("CAST(strftime('%m', date_birth) AS INTEGER")
QUESTION
This is my first post here and I am not that experienced, so please excuse my ignorance.
I am building a Monte Carlo simulation in C++ for my PhD and I need help in optimizing its computational time and performance. I have a 3d cube repeated in each coordinate as a simulation volume and inside every cube magnetic particles are generated in clusters. Then, in the central cube a loop of protons are created and move and at each step calculate the total magnetic field from all the particles (among other things) that they feel.
At this moment I define everything inside the main function and because I need the position of the particles for my calculations (I calculate the distance between the particles during their placement and also during the proton movement), I store them in dynamic arrays. I haven't used any class or function,yet. This makes my simulations really slow because I have to use eventually millions of particles and thousands of protons. Even with hundreds it needs days. Also I use a lot of for and while loops and reading/writing to .dat files.
I really need your help. I have spent weeks trying to optimize my code and my project is behind schedule. Do you have any suggestion? I need the arrays to store the position of the particles .Do you think classes or functions would be more efficient? Any advice in general is helpful. Sorry if that was too long but I am desperate...
Ok, I edited my original post and I share my full script. I hope this will give you some insight regarding my simulation. Thank you.
Additionally I add the two input files
...ANSWER
Answered 2021-Jun-10 at 13:17I talked the problem in more steps, first thing I made the run reproducible:
QUESTION
First of all, excuse me my ignorance, but I don't know how to explain this (maybe the title of this question is not correct).
My program: I have created a class and its purpose is to create a table based on the parameters passed to the instantiated object (this connects to the database).
What I don't know how to do it: I need to access the position of my array (based on the values passed to me) within a for each.
What I did: If i type manually the values (usuario
, apellido1
, apellido2
, email
), my table is generated, but I'm trying to do this dinamically. I tryied with this line of code: $r->myObject->tableFields
but I think, this, syntactically is not correct.
Code portion:
...ANSWER
Answered 2021-Jun-09 at 10:14As I understand, $tableFields is an array so you have to iterate through it as well. So try this for your foreach loop.
QUESTION
I'm attempting to create a 2D platformer with shooting mechanics in LC3 Assembly. Since this is from complete scratch, I also need to create the game engine. I have spent the past 4 hours creating a sprite library, and due to what I hope to be ignorance of a perhaps more efficient method, that means writing out the color data for each individual pixel in a 20px20p area for each sprite.
...ANSWER
Answered 2021-Jun-07 at 18:48- We can represent simple images as text, store that in a file, and write a C or C# program to read the text file and generate data as
.FILL
statements. Here, a simple B&W image for a box might look like this in text:
QUESTION
There's tons of info about Unicode codeunits, codepoints, etc, but I'm still a bit fuzzy about converting combined characters, graphemes, etc using byte-streams (required by libiconv).
Currently I'm only interested in converting between UTF-8/UTF-16/UTF-32 using libconv's iconv()
, which expects the byte-lengths of both source and destination buffers as arguments.
Question: Is there a safe way to calculate fast the maximum possible bytes-length of the target buffer, based on the already known bytes-length of the source buffer?
Let's say for example, converting from u16buf
to u8buf
with a known u16byteslen
(excluding 0x0000-termination if any). In the worst-case scenario, there will be 1 two-byte unit per codepoint in the UTF-16 source buffer, corresponding to a 4 single-byte units per codepoint in the UTF-8 target buffer. Is that enough to safely assume that the UTF-8 target buffer can never be longer than 2 * u16lenbytes
?
I've actually experimented with that and seems to work, but I'm not sure if I'm missing corner cases involving combined characters and grapheme clusters. My doubts come from my ignorance regarding how those things are converted across these 3 different encodings. I mean, is it possible for a grapheme to need say 3 UTF-16 codepoints but like 10 UTF-8 codepoints when converted?
In that case, doubling u16lenbytes
wouldn't suffice, right? And if so, is there any other straight forward way to pre-calc the maximum length of the target buffer?
ANSWER
Answered 2021-Jun-05 at 20:34Question: Is there a safe way to calculate fast the maximum possible bytes-length of the target buffer, based on the already known bytes-length of the source buffer?
Yes.
to UTF-8 to UTF-16 to UTF-32 from UTF-8 ×2 ×4 from UTF-16 ×1 ½ ×1 from UTF-32 ×1 ×1You can calculate this yourself by breaking it down by code-point ranges. Pick a source and destination column, and find the largest ratio.
Code Point UTF-8 length UTF-16 length UTF-32 length 0000…007F 1 2 4 0080…07FF 2 2 4 0800…FFFF 3 2 4 10000…10FFFF 4 4 4Combining characters and grapheme clusters do not affect anything. Encodings simply convert a sequence of Unicode scalar values to bytes, and they are very straightforward.
Note that you will need to add two extra bytes when converting to UTF-16, and four extra bytes when converting to UTF-32, since these encodings will add a BOM U+FEFF to the beginning of the text. (If you don’t want that, use one of the BOM-less encodings, like UTF-16BE
or UTF-16LE
.)
I mean, is it possible for a grapheme to need say 3 UTF-16 codepoints but like 10 UTF-8 codepoints when converted?
No. That would imply some other kind of conversion, like a decomposition. The number of scalar values input is equal to the number of scalar values output, with the possible addition of U+FEFF byte order mark at the beginning. (I say "scalar value" instead of "code point", because "scalar value" excludes surrogates. If you are transcoding text which might have errors or might be garbage data, it doesn’t change the size of the result.)
QUESTION
I am not too terribly familiar with classes/class methods and how they work, and I know my code is atrocious! I wanted to dip my toe into the world of UI, and so I wanted to take a simple function I wrote in Python to see if I could create an app out of it. (Edit: The script produces a ":(" if today is not Monday, and a ":)" if today IS Monday.) (Double edit: this is my first post, I apologize for my ignorance re: coding and also Stack Overflow formatting.) We've got:
...ANSWER
Answered 2021-Jun-05 at 23:40I know this error arises from incorrect instantiation of an object of a class... but based on how I have defined "today", I am unsure what this means in my given context! (Unless it has to do with "self"?)
findDay
is just a function, it has nothing to do with your class.
As you've defined it it takes two arguments, which you have named self
and today
. When you call it you pass just one argument (which is bound to the name self
, the first argument), and therefore you get the error that you haven't passed 1 required positional argument, the one named today
.
Since the function doesn't depend on anything related to your class, I guess you mean it to just be a normal function and you should remove the self
parameter as it has no purpose.
QUESTION
ANSWER
Answered 2021-Jun-03 at 11:12You should try increase the margin of the plot area, default is mar=c(5.1, 4.1, 4.1, 2.1)
for bottom, left, top, right. If you increase the left margin, it should be ok, for example :
QUESTION
Learning Python here, so sorry for any ignorance. Background - Assignment to make a tic tac toe game. Accomplished the goal, but trying to handle exceptions right now. At one point one of my variables is being passed with no type for some reason. The code in question is listed below choice
is the variable in question and should be a list. The weird part is that it works as it should unless the user first chooses a spot on the board that has already been chosen and the failure then happens on the next iteration of the function.
ANSWER
Answered 2021-May-27 at 14:55I think it is because you don't return user_choice()
in line 22 after you check if the spot is available or not. Right now you just run the function again, but you still return the choice
variable, where the user had chosen a taken spot.
So to solve this, you should replace user_choice()
with return user_choice()
in the user_choice
function.
Hope it works :)
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