dynamic_dispatch | dynamic dispatch decorator for classes and functions | Architecture library
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kandi X-RAY | dynamic_dispatch Summary
dynamic dispatch decorator for classes and functions
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- Decorator to dispatch a function .
- A dynamic dispatch decorator .
- Decorator for dynamic dispatch methods .
- Lookup a value by key .
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QUESTION
I am reading the book Object Oriented Programming in Common Lisp from Sonja Keene.
In chapter 2, the author says:
The procedure for determining which methods to call and then calling them is called generic dispatch. It happens automatically whenever a generic function is called.
This reminds me of the Dynamic Dispatch definition which is (according to Wikipedia):
Dynamic dispatch is the process of selecting which implementation of a polymorphic operation to call at run time. It is commonly employed in, and considered a prime characteristic of, object-oriented programming languages and systems.
Unfortunately, the wikipedia does not have an entry about generic dispatch.
Thus, I would like ask:
1 - Are dynamic dispatch and generic dispatch basically the same thing? What are the similarities?
2 - And what are the differences? Is dynamic dispatch some sort of subset of generic dispatch due to the flexibility of CLOS?
...ANSWER
Answered 2021-Jun-09 at 06:32Yes, dispatch in CLOS is also dynamic (this is also called late binding).
No, dynamic and generic dispatch are not the same thing, because the words generic and dynamic answer different questions.
The point that the word dynamic makes is that the decision about which method(s) to call is made at run time. The contrast to that would be static dispatch (which some would not call dispatch but overloading), where the decision is made at compile time.
The point that the word generic makes is that the decision about which method(s) to call is made on the basis of the type of all (required) arguments. The methods are attached to the generic function. The contrast to that would be class based dispatch, where the decision is made only on the class of the first argument and the methods are attached to that class.
QUESTION
Wikipedia doesn't very much go into enough detail describing exactly how this feature is implemented:
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_dispatch
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_method_table
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiple_dispatch
Here's my understanding so far. For example, say I have this:
...ANSWER
Answered 2021-Mar-06 at 14:13The data structures and lookup methods differ by language, but the lookup operation is always very simple and very fast. No trees or other fancy data structures are involved.
In C++, the every object with virtual methods has a hidden pointer to its virtual table, and the virtual table is an array of function pointers (plus some other stuff you don't care about). The compiler assigns a constant index to each declared virtual method, which is its index in every virtual table in which it can appear, so when you say:
QUESTION
In an interview I was asked if function parameters are located in the stack or the heap. I'm pretty sure this was being given as an example to illustrate how recursive functions are avoided due to stack overflow risks at embedded memory scales. However, it seemed like a trick question because I had been reviewing virtual functions, which allow dynamic dispatch.
After searching around SO, it seems that the memory location for a plain old regular function's argument(s) is implementation dependent.
Other answers pretty much say the same thing for virtual functions -- no guarantees are made for the how virtual function arguments are implemented in memory.
So I'd like to understand:
How and where (stack? heap? smattering of both?) do runtime function implementations come in?
Without knowing anything about what the ABI says, would this be useful to know about/ a good place to find this kind of information or is there a better place to look? Beyond specifications, is there any experimental data that lets us "see" how memory works on average, in practice?
Also, first-post hello!
...ANSWER
Answered 2017-Jun-01 at 23:11Where parameters and return values go are the preserve of the calling conventions, there are many calling conventions and they all have nuances. In 64 bit x86 computing there are only 2 calling conventions worth thinking about Microsoft and SystemV. Both calling conventions are designed to pass as much in registers as you possibly can. Off the top of my head that is 4 integer parameters and 4 float paramaters. There are special cases but in general anything beyond this will be pushed to the stack.
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